The content of flavanols was determined according to the method of Feucht and Polster (2001) [35 (link)] using the DMACA reagent (cinnamic p-dimethylaminoaldehyde) (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland). The absorbance was measured with a spectrophotometer (UV-VIS UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) at a wavelength of λ = 640 nm with catechin (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) as a standard. The results were expressed as µg of catechin equivalent per 1 g of dry matter (µg CE/g d.m.) of garlic.
Uv vis uv 6100a
Manufactured by Metash
Sourced in China
The UV/Vis UV-6100A is a compact and versatile spectrophotometer designed for a wide range of applications. It features a dual-beam optical system and a wavelength range from 190 to 1100 nanometers. The instrument is capable of measuring absorbance, transmittance, and concentration of various samples.
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Lab products found in correlation
Catechin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Trolox, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dmaca, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Wizard advanced ir vortex mixer, by VELP Scientifica (1 mentions)
Phosphate buffer solution (pbs), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 2 azinobis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid (abts), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
12 protocols using uv vis uv 6100a
1
Determination of Flavanol Content
2
Determination of Total Flavanols
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The total flavanols content was determined according to the Feucht and Polster [82 (link)] method, using the DMACA (p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde) reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland). The absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer (UV–VIS UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) at the wave-length of λ = 640 nm. (+)-Catechin (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) was used as a standard. The results were expressed as the µg catechin equivalent, per 1 g of dry matter (µg CE/g d.m.). The determinations were performed in six independent replications.
3
Spectrophotometric Determination of Polyphenols
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The total polyphenols content was determined according to the Singleton and Rossi [80 ] method, using the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland). The absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer (UV–VIS UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) at the wave-length of λ = 365 nm. Gallic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) was used as a standard. The results were expressed as mg Gallic acid equivalent per 1 g of dry matter (mg GAE/g d.m.). The determinations were performed in six independent replications.
4
Matcha Green Tea Antioxidant Capacity
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Antioxidant activity in Matcha green tea was determined using the cation radical ABTS+• (2,2‣-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) according to the Re et al. (1999) [69 (link)] method. The solution (1.5 mL of diluted supernatant, 3.0 mL radical cations ABTS+• in PBS solution (PBS—phosphate buffer solution)) was vortexed (Wizard Advanced IR Vortex Mixer, VELP Scientifica Srl, Usmate, Italy) and incubated for 6 min (20 °C), and the absorbance was measured in a spectrophotometer (UV/Vis UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) at λ = 734 nm. After taking into account the dilutions used, the obtained results of absorbance measurements were recalculated based on the standard curve (y = –5.6067x + 0.7139, R2 = 0.9998) for Trolox (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) as a standard substance and the antioxidant activity was expressed as µM TEAC/g d.m. (TEAC—Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, dm.—dry matter).
5
ABTS Radical Scavenging Assay for Antioxidant Activity
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The antioxidant activity in the aqueous extracts of the research material was determined using the cation radical ABTS +• (2,2 -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid) (ABTS +• , Sigma-Aldrich, Pozna ń, Poland) by the method of Re et al. [60] (link). A defined amount of solution of the examined extracts, predetermined by the dilution scheme (0.5-1.5 mL) was measured into 10 mL glass test tubes, and then 3.0 mL of the ABTS +• cation radical solution in PBS (Phosphate Buffer Solution, Sigma-Aldrich, Pozna ń, Poland) was added. The absorbance was measured after exactly 6 min of incubation at room temperature. Absorbance was measured at a wavelength of λ = 734 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV/Vis UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). The results, after taking into account the dilution schemes used and calculation based on the calibration curve for Trolox (Sigma-Aldrich, Pozna ń, Poland) (y = -5.6153 + 0.7123, R 2 = 0.9998), were expressed as µM TEAC (Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity), i.e., the amount of µmoles of Trolox per 1 g of dry mass (d.m.). The determinations were performed in six independent replications.
6
Quantification of Total Polyphenols
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The total content of total polyphenols in the aqueous extracts of the test material was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu (Sigma-Aldrich, Pozna ń, Poland) reagent by a modified method of Singleton and Rossi [61] . A defined amount of solution of the examined extracts, predetermined by the dilution scheme (1.0 mL) was collected into 50 mL graduated flasks, and then 2.5 mL of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and 5.0 mL of sodium carbonate (Sigma-Aldrich, Pozna ń, Poland) with a concentration of 20% were added and made up to the mark with distilled water. The samples were incubated for 60 min at room temperature and protected from light. Absorbance was measured at a wavelength of λ = 734 nm using a spectrophotometer [UV/Vis UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China]. The results, after taking into account the applied dilution schemes and calculation based on the calibration curve for gallic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Pozna ń, Poland) (y = 2.123 + 0.1327, R 2 = 0.9992), were expressed as mg GAE (gallic acid Equivalent), i.e., mg of gallic acid per 1 g of dry mass (d.m.). The determinations were performed in six independent replications.
7
Spectrophotometric Determination of Flavonoids
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According to the method of Singleton et al. [81 (link)], the flavonoids contents were extracted with 5% NaNO2, 10% AlCl3·6H2O and 1M NaOH (Pol-Aura Chemical Reagents, Zabrze, Poland). The absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer (UV–VIS UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) at the wave-length of λ = 510 nm. (+)-Catechin (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) was used as a standard. The results were expressed as the mg catechin equivalent, per 1 g of dry matter (mg CE/g d.m.). The determinations were performed in six independent replications.
8
Quantifying Polyphenol Content in Powder Extracts
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Total polyphenol content was measured by the reaction between polyphenol compounds with Folin–Ciocalteu and sodium carbonate reagents (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) using the modified method of Singleton and Rossi [18 ]. A fixed volume of powder extract solution was aliquotted into 50 mL graduated flasks, (according to a dilution scheme), followed by adding 2.5 mL of Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and 5.0 mL of 20% sodium carbonate. Distilled water was finally added up to the mark. Samples were next incubated for 60 min at about 20 °C and protected from light. Absorbances were measured at a 720 nm wavelength using a spectrophotometer (UV/Vis UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). Results were expressed as mg GAE (Gallic Acid Equivalent), i.e., mg of gallic acid per 1 g of the powder’s dry mass (d.m.). Six replicates of each measurement were performed.
9
Determining Polyphenol Content in Garlic
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The methods of Singleton and Rosii (1965) [33 ] were used to determine the total content of polyphenols. The absorbance of the prepared samples was measured with a spectrophotometer (UV-VIS UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) at a wavelength of λ = 765 nm. The results were expressed as mg of gallic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Poznań, Poland) equivalent per 1 g of dry matter (mg GAE/g d.m.) of garlic.
10
ABTS Radical Cation Assay for Antioxidant Activity
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Antioxidant activity in water extracts of the test material was determined by using ABTS+· (2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation assay according to the modified method of Re et al. (1999 (link)). A certain quantity of the tested extracts’ solution, which was determined earlier by a designated dilution scheme, was drawn into 10 mL glass test tubes and 3.0 mL of radical cations’ ABTS+· in PBS solution was added. The absorbance measurement was made after exactly 6 min of incubation at room temperature. The absorbance was measured after exactly 734 nm, with the use of a spectrophotometer (UV/Vis UV-6100A, Metash Instruments Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China). The results were represented as as mmol of Trolox per 100 g of dm.
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