Novozym 435 immobilized candida antarctica lipase b

Caprylic acid, C₈ (purity ≥ 99%), capric acid, C₁₀ (≥ 99%), and glycerol (≥ 99%) were purchased from Tianjin Chemical Reagent, Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). Novozym^® 435 (immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B) was obtained from Novozymes (China) Biotechnology (Liaoning, China). Emulsifiers such as monoglyceride citrate (CITREM) was obtained from Danisco A/S (Brabrand, Denmark), Span 80 was obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, United States) and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) was obtained from Palsgaard Industry A/S (Juelsminde, Denmark). Rapeseed oil (acid value < 0.2%) and fully hydrogenated soybean fat (HSF) were purchased from the local market and Bunge (New York, NY, United States), respectively. Hexane, acetone, petroleum ether, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate (Tianjin Chemical Reagent, Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China) were of analytical grade.

Tyrosol (Ty), oleic acid (OA), methyl oleate, t-butanol, n-hexane, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were supplied by Sigma–Aldrich (Milan, Italy). The Novozym^®435 (immobilized Candida antarctica Lipase B) was from Novozymes (Bagsværd, Denmark). The aqueous solutions were prepared using ultrapure water, with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ cm, obtained from a Milli-Q plus system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI-1640) medium, fetal bovine serum (FBS), l-glutamine, and penicillin/streptomycin were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).

Tyrosol, oleic acid (OA), and methyl oleate, t-butanol, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and formic acid (LC/MS grade) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Milan, Italy). Novozym^®435 (immobilized Candida antarctica Lipase B) was from Novozymes (Bagsværd, Denmark). n-Hexane and acetone (analytical grade) were supplied from Carlo Erba Reagenti (Milan, Italy). Ultrapure water (resistivity of 18.2 MΩ·cm) was obtained from a Milli-Q plus system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), l-glutamine, penicillin/streptomycin, and paraformaldehyde (PFA) were supplied from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).