G10 cohort mice were maintained on a defined synthetic diet upon arrival and throughout the study (D10001, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ). G11 cohort mice were maintained on a defined synthetic diet upon arrival and through 6 weeks of age (D10001, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ); subsequently, 146 mice were transferred to a synthetic high-fat, cholic acid (HFC) diet that contained 20% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, and 0.5% cholic acid, to induce atherosclerotic lesions, and 146 mice were maintained on a high-protein diet [low-fat, high-protein (LFHP)] that contained 5% fat and 20.3% protein, which is not atherogenic (D12109C and D12083101, respectively; Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ). One sibling from each of the 146 sibling pairs was randomly assigned to each one of the diets. The source of fat from the diets varied between the baseline diet (corn oil) fed to the mice from 4 to 6 weeks of age and the dietary treatment groups (soybean oil plus cocoa butter) fed to the mice from 6 to 24 weeks of age. All mice were maintained on their respective diets until 24–25 weeks of age, for a total of 18–19 weeks.
D10001
Manufactured by Research Diets
Sourced in United States
D10001 is a precision diet dispenser designed for controlled feeding studies. It accurately dispenses a specified amount of rodent diet into food cups or hoppers. The device features programmable portion sizes and delivery schedules to facilitate consistent and regulated feeding regimens.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
D12083101, by Research Diets (5 mentions)
D12492, by Research Diets (4 mentions)
C57bl 6j mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Cba cacrl, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
C57bl 6j mice, by Jackson ImmunoResearch (1 mentions)
C57bl 6j male mice, by Jackson ImmunoResearch (1 mentions)
Oxymax, by Columbus Instruments (1 mentions)
D03082706, by Research Diets (1 mentions)
Ain 76a, by Research Diets (1 mentions)
D00041102, by Research Diets (1 mentions)
Balb c nude mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Balb c mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Apoe mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Sarpogrelate, by Mitsubishi (1 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum fbs, by Nissui Pharmaceutical (1 mentions)
Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium dmem, by Nissui Pharmaceutical (1 mentions)
26 protocols using d10001
1
Inducing Atherosclerosis in Mice
2
QTL Mapping of Skeletal Traits in Diversity Outbred Mice
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The cohorts used for the earlier QTL mapping of ML consisted of 577 Diversity Outbred mice from breeding generations G10 and G1162 (link). G10 cohort mice consisted of both males and females fed a defined synthetic diet (D10001, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ), and were euthanized and analyzed at 12–15 weeks of age. G11 cohort mice were all females fed a defined synthetic diet (D10001, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ) until 6 weeks of age, and were then subsequently fed either a high-fat, cholesterol-containing (HFC) diet (20% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, and 0.5% cholic acid) or a low-fat, high protein diet (5% fat and 20.3% protein) (D12109C and D12083101, respectively, Research Diets, New Brunswick, NJ), and were euthanized and analyzed at 24–25 weeks of age. Mice were weighed and then euthanized by CO2 asphyxiation followed by cervical dislocation. Carcasses were frozen at −80 °C. Subsequently, the femur was dissected and length, AP width, and ML width were measured two independent times to 0.01 mm using digital calipers. Mice were genotyped using the MegaMUGA SNP array (GeneSeek; Lincoln, NE) designed with 77,800 SNP markers, and QTL mapping was performed as above, but with the inclusion of sex, diet, age, and weight at sacrifice as additive covariates.
3
Genetic mouse models for metabolic studies
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The generation of Tph1-floxed mice, Htr2a-floxed mice, and adiponectin (Adipoq)-Cre mice have previously been reported [11 (link)–13 (link)]. C57BL/6 J mice were purchased from Charles River Japan (Yokohama, Japan). Tph1 FKO mice were crossed with uncoupled protein 1 (Ucp1)-luciferase transgenic mice. The mice were housed in climate-controlled, specific pathogen-free barrier facilities, under a 12-hour light-dark cycle, with chow and water provided ad libitum. Male mice (aged 8 weeks) were fed either a standard chow diet (SCD; 12% fat calories, Research Diets D10001) or an HFD (60% fat calories, Research Diets D12492). In case of the transgenic mice, we compared the data between KO mice and their wild type (WT) littermates. The experimental protocols for this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (LML 15–535) at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. These experiments were performed unblinded.
4
Orthotopic PDX Modeling of Ovarian Cancer
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NOD.Cg-Prkdc scid IL2rg tm1WjI/SzJ (NSG) mice were purchased (Scanbur) and housed in individually ventilated cages. Mice were fed a low-autofluorescence imaging diet (D10001, Research Diets Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, USA) and had ad libitum access to food and water. Organoids (O-early) were passaged and cultured for 3–7 days before implantation. The organoids were removed from Matrigel and gently dissociated by pipetting up and down, followed by re-suspension in Matrigel. A volume of 30–50 μl organoid:Matrigel suspension (1:1) was orthotopically implanted in the left uterine horn as previously described14 (link),30 . The tumor growth was monitored by abdominal palpation and in vivo small animal imaging, using near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation following clinical symptoms of disease (lethargy, abdominal enlargement, clearly palpable uterine tumor, or weight loss of ≥10%). All animal experiments were conducted according to institutional guidelines, and ethical approval was granted from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (FOTS IDs 6710,12825, and 20194). All animal experiments are reported in accordance to ARRIVE guidelines. O-PDX models are indicated with the nomenclature OPDX-number-type/grade.
5
CBA/CaCrl-C57BL/6J Mice Diet Study
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Male CBA/CaCrl (#609, Charles River, UK) mice were mated with female C57BL/6J mice (#000664, Jackson Laboratory, US) and F1 male off-spring were used throughout the study. Animals were housed at 12:12 h light/dark cycle in a temperature/humidity controlled (22 °C/50%) room, and ad libitum fed with standard chow (Special Diet Service, CRM(E), 801730, Scanbur, Essex, UK). Two weeks before for study start, diet was changed to CD (D10001, Research diets, Inc, New Brunswick, NJ) for all mice included in the study. At study start, mice either continued on CD, or were fed CD custom formulated by Research Diets with 0.25 mg/g (O304-0.25) or 0.5 mg/g (O304-0.5) O304 (CAS # 1261289-04-6, kindly provided by Betagenon AB, Umeå, Sweden). For fasted metabolic parameters, mice were fasted for 6 h in the morning (07:00-13:00). All experimental procedures were performed on male mice. Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Review Board at the Court of Appeal of Northern Norrland in Umeå (approval numbers A-22-16 and A-29-16) and conducted in accordance with Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory animals.
6
Purine Antagonist Nephropathy Treatment
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All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Teikyo University, School of Medicine (Animal Ethics Committee, No. 14‐016). Male Sprague–Dawley rats (150–200 g body weight) underwent kidney function assessments and were randomly assigned to four groups: (1) control group (CONT group); (2) PAN group; (3) topiroxostat treatment group (Tx group); and (4) PAN with topiroxostat treatment group (PAN + Tx group). PAN group received a single intraperitoneal injection of PA (100 mg/kg body weight; Sigma, Saint Louis, MO). The rats in Tx and PAN + Tx groups received 1 mg/kg/day of topiroxostat in chow (10 mg/kg base chow; D10001, Research Diets, Inc. New Brunswick, NJ) (American‐Institute‐of‐Nutrition, 1977 ) from the following day. The animals were allowed free access to water and chow. On days 0 and 10, the rats were placed in metabolic cages and 24‐h urine samples were collected for measurement of urinary protein and creatinine concentrations. Blood samples were also collected on days 0 and 10. All the rats were killed on day 10 and their kidneys were removed, then the cortical tissues were isolated by carving from the capsule, snap frozen in liquid N2, and stored at −80°C until use.
7
Canagliflozin's Effects on db/db Mice
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Six-week-old male db/db mice were purchased from CLEA Japan (Tokyo, Japan). Mice were individually caged and kept at a constant room temperature of 23°C±1°C under a 12 hours/12 hours light dark cycle (lights on at 07:00) with free access to water. Mice were fed either normal diet (ND) (D10001, 3.9 kcal/g, Research Diets, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA) or LCD (D14012301, 4.7 kcal/g, Research Diets) and treated with either vehicle (0.5% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (Wako, Osaka, Japan)) or canagliflozin (Cana) (equivalent to 30 mg/kg body weight). Cana was provided by Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma (Osaka, Japan). Mice were randomly divided into four groups as follows: ND group, fed ND and administered with vehicle; ND+Cana group, fed ND and administered with Cana; LCD group, fed LCD and administered with vehicle; and LCD+Cana group, fed LCD and administered with Cana. The formulas for the experimental diets used in this study are shown in online supplementary table 1 . Vehicle and Cana were administered by oral gavage once daily. All animal care and animal experiments were conducted in accordance with the institutional guidelines.
8
Pyridoxine Deficiency in C57BL/6J Mice
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Male C57BL/6J mice (4 weeks of age) were purchased from Jackson Laboratory Co. Ltd. (Bar Harbor, ME, USA). The handling and care of the animals conformed to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (8th edition, 2011). Experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Seoul National University (SNU-190408-2).
After 1 week of acclimation, mice were fed with AIN-76A diet (D15501R, control, Research Diets, NJ, USA) and pyridoxine-deficient (Pyr-def) diet (D10001, Research Diets) for 8 weeks. This schedule was chosen because the half-life elimination of pyridoxine exceeds 15 to 20 days [25 ].
After 1 week of acclimation, mice were fed with AIN-76A diet (D15501R, control, Research Diets, NJ, USA) and pyridoxine-deficient (Pyr-def) diet (D10001, Research Diets) for 8 weeks. This schedule was chosen because the half-life elimination of pyridoxine exceeds 15 to 20 days [25 ].
9
In vivo Biodistribution of Labeled Oligonucleotides
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All mice used in this assay were 6-week-old male Balb/cSlc-nu/nu mice purchased from SLC Japan (Tokyo, Japan). Mice were fed an autofluorescence-reduced diet (D10001, Research Diets Inc.) for more than 1 week before the assays were conducted. Cy5-labeled oligonucleotides (BRO (hApo1/PNA(C9)F) and PNA(C9)F) were dissolved in saline for injection. For in vivo imaging, mice were intravenously injected with a single dose of each oligonucleotide (300 pmol in 200 μL saline) through the tail vein, and the biodistribution was visualized using an IVIS Lumina II imaging system (Caliper Life Science; excitation filter, 640 nm; emission filter, Cy5.5., exposure time = 5 s) at different time points for up to 1 h (n = 3). For ex vivo imaging, the mice were dissected after 5 min (n = 1). Fluorescence images of the ex vivo organs were visualized using an IVIS Lumina II imaging system (excitation filter, 640 nm; emission filter, Cy5.5. and an exposure time of 1 s). The mice were anesthetized with isoflurane to capture snapshots.
10
Dietary Sucrose Modulates Metabolic Responses
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Male SD rats were fasted for 24
h and then re-fed a diet high in sucrose (D10001, Research Diets)
for 2 days prior to study initiation to elevate baseline respiratory
exchange ratio (RER). On the day of experiment, rats were removed
from their home cage, weighed, and individually placed into the calibrated
indirect calorimetery chambers (Oxymax, Columbus Instruments, Columbus,
OH) with free access to water and diet (D10001). Baseline oxygen consumption
and carbon dioxide production rates were measured every 15 min for
75 min before treatment. After collecting baseline calorimetery data,
rats were dosed orally with either vehicle control (0.5% methylcellulose/0.1%
tween 80) or9 (1, 2, 5, 20, 40, or 100 mg/kg) and then
returned to the calorimetry chambers. Oxygen consumption and carbon
dioxide production were measured for an additional 2.25 h after being
placed back in the calorimetry chamber. Immediately following completion
of the calorimetry measurement period, the animals were sacrificed
by CO2 asphyxiation followed by cervical dislocation. Plasma
for determining plasma exposure of compound9 was collected
via cardiac puncture, and quadriceps muscles were rapidly removed,
freeze-clamped as described above, and stored at −80 °C.
Quadriceps malonyl-CoA content was measured as described above.
h and then re-fed a diet high in sucrose (D10001, Research Diets)
for 2 days prior to study initiation to elevate baseline respiratory
exchange ratio (RER). On the day of experiment, rats were removed
from their home cage, weighed, and individually placed into the calibrated
indirect calorimetery chambers (Oxymax, Columbus Instruments, Columbus,
OH) with free access to water and diet (D10001). Baseline oxygen consumption
and carbon dioxide production rates were measured every 15 min for
75 min before treatment. After collecting baseline calorimetery data,
rats were dosed orally with either vehicle control (0.5% methylcellulose/0.1%
tween 80) or
returned to the calorimetry chambers. Oxygen consumption and carbon
dioxide production were measured for an additional 2.25 h after being
placed back in the calorimetry chamber. Immediately following completion
of the calorimetry measurement period, the animals were sacrificed
by CO2 asphyxiation followed by cervical dislocation. Plasma
for determining plasma exposure of compound
via cardiac puncture, and quadriceps muscles were rapidly removed,
freeze-clamped as described above, and stored at −80 °C.
Quadriceps malonyl-CoA content was measured as described above.
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