Vario micro elemental analyzer

Manufactured by Elementar

Sourced in Germany

The Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer is a laboratory instrument designed for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur in a wide range of solid and liquid samples. The analyzer uses combustion and high-temperature techniques to analyze the elemental composition of materials.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

D8 advance, by Bruker (3 mentions) 4100 fourier transform infrared spectrometer, by Jasco (2 mentions) 4100 fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, by Jasco (1 mentions) Thermogravimetric analyzer sta2500, by Netzsch (1 mentions) S 4800, by Hitachi (1 mentions) Avance 3 600 spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions) E 1045, by Hitachi (1 mentions) Chi660e, by Chenhua (1 mentions) N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Sinopharm (1 mentions) N methylpyrrolidone, by Sinopharm (1 mentions) Avance 3 spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions) Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, by Jasco (1 mentions) Tga dsc1 1100, by Mettler Toledo (1 mentions) 100 isotope ratio mass spectrometer, by Elementar (1 mentions)

Close spelling variants of this product

Vario MICRO cube elemental analyzer Vario EL/micro cube elemental analyzer CHNOS Elemental Analyzer vario MICRO Micro elemental analyzer Vario Micro Elemental analyzer

14 protocols using vario micro elemental analyzer

Characterization of Novel Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

FT-IR spectra were measured on a Jasco-4100 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (Tokyo, Japan), provided by JASCO Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) with KBr disks. ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR) was measured with a Bruker AVIII-500 Spectroscopy with TCI Cryo Probe (Bruker Tech. and Serv. Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). The elemental analyses (C, H, and N) were performed on a Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Langenselbold, Germany). The Degree of Substitution (DS) was calculated based on elemental analysis results.

Li Q., Sun X., Gu G, & Guo Z. (2018). Novel Water Soluble Chitosan Derivatives with 1,2,3-Triazolium and Their Free Radical-Scavenging Activity. Marine Drugs, 16(4), 107.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Comprehensive Materials Characterization Protocol

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis of powder samples was carried out on a PANalytical Empyrean Series 2 diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation ((λ = 1.540598 Å), which operated at 40 kV, 40 mA and a scan speed of 0.0167°, a scan time of 15 s per step and 2θ ranging from 5 to 60° at room temperature. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data were obtained on a NETZSCH Thermogravimetric Analyzer (STA2500) from 25 to 800 °C with a heating rate of 20 °C min⁻¹ under an N₂ atmosphere. The contents of C, H, N, and S elements were determined by an Elementar Vario MICRO elemental analyzer with CHNS measurement mode. The SEM images were recorded on a Thermo Scientific Apreo 2C scanning electron microscope with an accelerated voltage of 10 kV. The Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was tested by NICOLET FT-IR spectrometer (iS50 FI-IR), and the resolution was 4 cm⁻¹, the number of scans was 32, and the test wave number was 400–4000 cm⁻¹.

Liu J., Xiong H., Shuai H., Liu X., Peng Y., Wang L., Wang P., Zhao Z., Deng Z., Zhou Z., Chen J., Chen S., Zeng Z., Deng S, & Wang J. (2024). Molecular sieving of iso-butene from C4 olefins with simultaneous high 1,3-butadiene and n-butene uptakes. Nature Communications, 15, 2222.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Spectroscopic Characterization of Organic Compounds

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

FT-IR spectra were measured on a Jasco-4100 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (JASCO Co., Ltd. Shanghai, China) with KBr disks. The elemental analyses (C, H, and N) were performed on a Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Germany). The UV–Vis absorbance was measured with a T6 New Century UV spectrometer (P General Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹³C NMR) spectra were measured with a Bruker AVANCE III Spectroscopy (Bruker Tech. and Serv. Co., Ltd. Beijing, China) The degrees of substitution (DS) were calculated on the basis of the percentages of carbon and nitrogen.

Luan F., Wei L., Zhang J., Mi Y., Dong F., Li Q, & Guo Z. (2018). Antioxidant Activity and Antifungal Activity of Chitosan Derivatives with Propane Sulfonate Groups. Polymers, 10(4), 395.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Spectroscopic and Structural Characterization of Materials

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

FT-IR spectra were measured on a Jasco-4100 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (JASCO Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) with KBr disks. The elemental analyses (C, H, S, and N) were performed on a Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Berlin, Germany). The degrees of substitution (DS) were calculated on the basis of the percentages of carbon and nitrogen. The UV-Vis absorbance was measured with a T6 New Century UV spectrometer (P General Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). ¹³C CP/MAS NMR experiments were performed on Bruker AVANCE III 600 spectrometer (Bruker Tech. and Serv. Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) at a resonance frequency of 150.9 MHz. ¹³C CP/MAS NMR spectra were recorded using a 4 mm MAS probe and a spinning rate of 12 kHz. The X-ray diffraction patterns of samples were recorded at room temperature on an X-ray diffractometer (D8 advance, Bruker, Berlin, Germany). The morphology of the samples was examined through a Scanning electron microscope (SEM) (S-4800, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). Each sample was coated with gold in an ion sputter (E-1045, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) before being scanned and photographed at the magnifications (1000×). An accelerating potential of 3 kV was used during image acquisition.

Zhang J., Luan F., Li Q., Gu G., Dong F, & Guo Z. (2018). Synthesis of Novel Chitin Derivatives Bearing Amino Groups and Evaluation of Their Antifungal Activity. Marine Drugs, 16(10), 380.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Elemental Analysis of Chitosan Derivatives

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The elemental analyses by combustion were used to evaluate the degrees of substitution in chitosan derivatives. The analyses of elemental carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen in chitosan derivatives were performed on a Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Germany). The degrees of substitution (DS) of chitosan derivatives were calculated on the basis of the percentages of carbon and nitrogen according to the following equations [21 (link)]:

D S_{1} = \frac{n_{1} \times M_{C} - M_{N} \times W_{C / N}}{n_{2} \times M_{C}}

D S_{2} = \frac{M_{N} \times W_{C / N} + n_{2} \times M_{C} \times D S_{1} - n_{1} \times M_{C}}{n_{3} \times M_{C}}

D S_{3} = \frac{M_{N} \times W_{C / N} + n_{2} \times M_{C} \times D S_{1} - n_{1} \times M_{C} - n_{3} \times M_{C} \times D S_{2}}{n_{4} \times M_{C}}

where DS₁, DS₂, and DS₃ represent the deacetylation degree of chitosan, the degrees of substitution of N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan iodide, and degrees of substitution of quaternary ammonium salts of chitosanbearing halogenated acetate, respectively; M_C and M_N are the molar masses of carbon and nitrogen, M_C = 12, M_N = 14, respectively; n₁, n₂, n₃, and n₄ are the number of carbons of chitin, acetamido group, trimethyl, and haloacetic acid group, n₁ = 8, n₂ = 2, n₃ = 3, n₄ = 2, respectively; W_C/N represents the mass ratio between carbon and nitrogen in chitosan derivatives.

Zhang J., Tan W., Luan F., Yin X., Dong F., Li Q, & Guo Z. (2018). Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Salts of Chitosan Bearing Halogenated Acetate for Antifungal and Antibacterial Activities. Polymers, 10(5), 530.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Degree of Substitution in Chitosan Derivatives

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

The elemental analyses (C, H, and N) were performed on a Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Hanau, Germany), and they can be used to evaluate the degree of substitution of chitosan derivatives. The degrees of substitution (DS) of chitosan derivatives were calculated according to the carbon nitrogen ratio, and the formula as follows [10 (link),26 (link)]:

D S_{1} = \frac{n_{1} * M_{C} - M_{N} * W_{C / N}}{n_{2} * M_{C}}

D S_{2} = \frac{n_{1} * M_{C} - n_{2} * M_{C} * D S_{1} - M_{N} * W_{C / N}}{M_{N} * W_{C / N} - n_{3} * M_{C}}

D S_{3} = \frac{M_{N} * W_{C / N} + M_{N} * D S_{2} * W_{C / N} - n_{1} * M_{C} * D S_{2} - n_{2} * M_{C} * D S_{1}}{n_{4} * M_{C}}

where DS₁, DS₂, DS₃ represent the deacetylation degree of chitosan, the degrees of substitution of HACC, and degrees of substitution of hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chitosan halogenated acetates; M_C and M_N are the molar masses of carbon and nitrogen, M_C = 12, M_N = 14, respectively; n₁, n₂, n₃n₄ are the number of carbons of chitin, acetamido group, 2-chloromethyl ammonium chloride, and haloacetic acid group, n₁ = 8, n₂ = 2, n₃ = 6, n₄ = 2, respectively; W_C/N represents the mass ratio between carbon and nitrogen in chitosan derivatives.

Mi Y., Tan W., Zhang J., Wei L., Chen Y., Li Q., Dong F, & Guo Z. (2018). Synthesis, Characterization, and Antifungal Property of Hydroxypropyltrimethyl Ammonium Chitosan Halogenated Acetates. Marine Drugs, 16(9), 315.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Chitosan Degree of Substitution Analysis

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Elemental analysis was performed by Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Hanau, Germany). The degrees of substitution (DS) of all tested chitosan derivatives can be calculated on the basis of the carbon–nitrogen ratios, and the calculated equations were as follows:

D S_{1} = \frac{n_{1} \times M_{C} - M_{N} \times W_{C / N}}{n_{2} \times M_{C}}

D S_{2} = \frac{M_{N} \times W_{C / N} + n_{2} \times M_{C} \times D S_{1} - n_{1} \times M_{C}}{n_{3} \times M_{C}}

D S_{3} = \frac{M_{N} \times W_{C / N} + n_{2} \times M_{C} \times D S_{1} - n_{1} \times M_{C} - n_{3} \times M_{C} \times D S_{2}}{n_{4} \times M_{C}}

D S_{4} = \frac{n_{1}^{'} \times M_{N} \times W_{C / N} + n_{2} \times M_{C} \times D S_{1} - n_{1} \times M_{C} - n_{3} \times M_{C} \times D S_{2} - n_{4} \times M_{C} \times D S_{3}}{n_{5} \times M_{C} - n_{2}^{'} \times M_{N} \times W_{C / N}}

where DS₁, DS₂, DS₃, and DS₄ represent the deacetylation degree of chitosan, the degrees of N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan, N,N,N-trimethyl-O-chloroacetyl quaternary ammonium salt chitosan, and N,N,N-trimethyl-O-(ureidopyridinium)acetyl chitosan derivatives; M_N and M_C are the molar mass of nitrogen and carbon, M_N = 14, M_C = 12; n₁, n₂, n₃, n₄, and n₅ are the number of carbon of chitin, acetamido group, trimethyl, chloroacetyl group, and urea group, n₁ = 8, n₂ = 2, n₃ = 3, n₄ = 2, n₅ = 12;

n_{1}^{'}

and

n_{2}^{'}

are the number of nitrogen of trimethyl and urea group,

n_{1}^{'}

= 1,

n_{2}^{'}

= 3; W_C/N represents the mass ratio between carbon and nitrogen in chitosan derivatives.

Zhang J., Tan W., Li Q., Dong F, & Guo Z. (2020). Synthesis and Characterization of N,N,N-trimethyl-O-(ureidopyridinium)acetyl Chitosan Derivatives with Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities. Marine Drugs, 18(3), 163.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Characterization of Electrode Materials

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

FT-IR spectra were recorded from KBr pellets in range 4000–400 cm⁻¹ on a Nicolet 380FT-IR spectrometer. The elemental analyses of C, H, and N were performed on an Elementar Vario MICRO Elemental Analyzer. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data were collected on a Bruker D8 Advance instrument using CuK_α radiation (λ = 1.54056 Å) at room temperature. The morphologies of the as-prepared samples were obtained by using a Hitachi S-8100 field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM).
The detailed electrode preparation process can be found in our previous work.^{10,11 (link)} The electrochemical data compilation were carried out through CHI660E (Chenhua Instrument, Shanghai, China) in a three-compartment cell with a platinum plate counter electrode, a Hg/HgO electrode reference electrode and a working electrode. The electrolyte was a 6 M KOH aqueous solution and the resistance data were collected using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method at open circuit voltage in the frequency range of 100 kHz to 10 mHz. Notably, typical mass load of electrode materials ranged in 2.0–4.3 mg after pressed by Manual Rolling Press (MR-100A).

Wang K., Wang H., Chu Y., Lu A., Mao F., Wang Z., Zheng M, & Wu H. (2019). Boosting the performance of broccoli-like Ni-triazole frameworks through a CNTs conductive-matrix. RSC Advances, 9(44), 25697-25702.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Chitosan Functionalization and Characterization

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Chitosan was supplied by Zhejiang Golden-Shell Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. (Yuhuan, China), and the molecular weight was 50 kDa and its degree of deacetylation (DD) was 92%. The elemental analyses (C, H, S, and N) were performed on a Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Germany). The other reagents such as N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), N-bromobutanimide (NBS), triphenylphosphine, N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), etc., were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).

Luan F., Wei L., Zhang J., Mi Y., Dong F., Li Q, & Guo Z. (2018). Antioxidant Activity and Antifungal Activity of Chitosan Derivatives with Propane Sulfonate Groups. Polymers, 10(4), 395.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Comprehensive Characterization of Samples

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

FT-IR spectra of the samples diluted in KBr pellets were performed on a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (JASCO Co., Ltd. Shanghai, China). The elemental analyses (C, H, and N) were carried out using a Vario Micro Elemental Analyzer (Elementar, Germany). The UV–Vis absorbance was measured using a T6 New Century UV spectrometer (P General Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR) spectra were carried out on a Bruker AVANCE III spectrometer (Bruker Tech. and Serv. Co., Ltd. Beijing, China.) The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was recorded on the TGA/DSC1/1100 (Mettler-Toledo). The X-ray patterns of samples were measured using an X-ray diffractometer (D8 advance, Bruker, Germany).

Luan F., Xu Z., Wang K., Qi X, & Guo Z. (2022). Synthesis of Water-Soluble Sulfonated Chitin Derivatives for Potential Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity. Marine Drugs, 20(11), 668.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!