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5 protocols using blood dendritic cell enumeration kit

1

Dendritic Cell Activation Protocol

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RBcs was prepared by seeding 10-cm dish (Falcon; BD Bioscience, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) with 1 × 107 RB cell in 10 mL of completed medium for 24 h and centrifuged to remove cell debris. On day 5 of DC culture, RBcs was added to test DCs, while the same volume of culture medium was added to control DCs. On day 6, maturation of DCs was induced by adding 20 ng/mL of TNF-α (R&D System) or 1 μg/mL of LPS (Sigma), and the phenotype of DCs was determined by flow cytometry after incubating with TNF-α or LPS for 24 h. In some experiments, before adding of TNF-α or LPS, DCs were purified on day 6. Briefly, RBcs-treated DCs or control DCs were washed extensively and then purified with microbeads on auto-MACS columns using a Blood Dendritic Cell Isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotech, BergischGladbach, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In short, isolation of DCs was performed in a two-step procedure. First, cells labeled with the Non-DC Depletion Cocktail comprising with CD14 and CD19 magnetic beads were depleted. Then DCs were positively selected by labeled with DC Enrichment Cocktail comprising with CD1c (BDCA-1), CD304 (BDCA-4/Neuropilin-1), and CD141 (BDCA-3) magnetic beads. Purified DCs samples contained >95% CD1c+ DCs as evaluated by the Blood Dendritic Cell Enumeration Kit (Miltenyi Biotech).
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2

Enumeration of Blood Dendritic Cells

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DCs were enumerated in heparinized blood using a Blood Dendritic Cell Enumeration Kit (Miltenyi Biotec Ltd., Surrey, United Kingdom) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The anti-BDCA cocktail contains: anti CD303 (BDCA-2) Fluorescein (FITC), anti-CD1c (BDCA-1) PE, anti-CD14 Phycoerythrin-Cyanine 5 (PE-Cy5), and anti-CD19 PE-Cy5 for the determination of plasmacytoid (pDC) and myeloid (mDC) DC. Antibodies to CD14 and CD19 antigens were used for exclusion of monocytes and B cells, respectively. To enable quantification in terms of absolute counts/μL blood, Flow count fluorospheres (Beckman Coulter) were added to each sample prior to flow cytometric (EC800 Sony) data acquisition. Analysis was performed using FlowJo software (FlowJo, United States). The ratio of mDC to pDC were calculated by applying the following formula DC = number of DC/number count beads × concentration).
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3

Multiparametric FACS analysis of PBMCs

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PBMC were isolated by density gradient centrifugation (Lymphoprep; Axis Shield, Oslo, Norway). 1 × 106 PBMC were incubated with fixable viability dye eFluor®780 (eBioscience), FcR block (Miltenyi), and the respective fluorochrome‐conjugated antibodies: αCD3‐eFluor450 (UCHT1, eBioscience), αCD4‐eFluor450 (SK3, Biolegend), αCD8‐APC (SK1, BD Biosciences), αCD19‐PE/Cy7 (HIB19, Biolegend), αCD56‐PE (HCD56, Biolegend), αFoxp3‐PE (206D, Biolegend), αIFNγ‐APC (B27, BD Biosciences), αIL‐4‐FITC (MP4‐25D2, Biolegend), αIL‐17A‐PE (eBio64DEC17, eBioscience), and analyzed on a BD FACSCantoII using FACSDiva software. For intracellular cytokine staining, cells were prestimulated for 3h with ionomycin (1 μmol/L, Sigma‐Aldrich) and PMA (50 ng/mL, Sigma‐Aldrich) in the presence of monensin (2 μmol/L, eBioscience), fixed and made permeable with the Fixation/Permeabilization buffer set (eBioscience) according to the manufacturer's protocol.
Peripheral blood DC were analyzed for the expression of CD1c (BDCA‐1), CD303 (BDCA‐2), and CD141 (BDCA‐3) with the Blood Dendritic Cell Enumeration Kit (Miltenyi) in a subset of patients (frozen samples) according to the manufacturer′s instructions.
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4

Dendritic Cell Subset Identification

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Dendritic cells were isolated from PBMC using the Blood Dendritic Cell Enumeration kit (Miltenyl Biotec). Dendritic cell subsets were identified by anti-BDCA-2+ (CD11c/CD123+high) for pDCs, anti-BDCA-1+ (CD11c+ high/CD123+ low) for mDC1 and anti-BDCA-3+ (CD11c+low/CD123) for mDC2(Dzionek et al., 2000 ). Samples were also labeled with CD19-PE-Cy2 and CD14-PE-Cy5 (eBiosciences), for exclusion of B cells and monocytes. Cells were analyzed by FACSCalibur (BD Biosciences).
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5

Multicolor Flow Cytometry for Dendritic Cell Subsets

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Dendritic cell analysis was performed with the Blood Dendritic cell enumeration kit (#130-091-086; Miltenyi Biotec). This assay is based on dendritic cell–specific surface antigens CD303 (BDCA-2), CD141 (BDCA-3), and CD1c (BDCA-1). Three distinct dendritic cell subsets were identified in whole blood: plasmacytoid dendritic cells as CD303+ (FITC clone: AC144, BDCA-2), type 1 myeloid dendritic cells (MDC1s) as CD1c+ (PE clone: AD5-8E7, BDCA-1), and type 2 myeloid dendritic cells (MDC2s) as CD141+ (APC clone: Ad4-14H12, BDCA-3) surface expression. Gate exclusion for CD19, CD14, and dead cells was performed. After 10 min of incubation in ice with the mix of antibodies, red blood cells were lysed. Cells were washed with PBS, fixed with 1% PFA for 10 min, acquired with a FACSCanto II (Becton Dickinson), and analyzed with FlowJo software (Tree Star Inc.; version 8.8.6). At least 106 total events were acquired.
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