Prism 6 for mac

Results were analysed using Prism 6 for Mac (GraphPad Software Inc, La Jolla, CA, United States). Categorical values were analysed using χ² and quantitative continuous results were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Relationships between quantitative variables were assessed using Spearman correlation analysis. Multiple comparisons were made using One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparison test. The threshold for statistical significance is P < 0.05.

Quantitative data were graphed as dot plots (showing the mean ± standard deviation [SD]) or as box‐and‐whisker plots (with the lower and upper hinge defining the interquartile range, the line inside the box denoting the median, and the whiskers corresponding to the maximum and the minimum). All statistical analyses were performed with Prism 6 for Mac software (version 6; GraphPad, Inc, La Jolla, CA, USA). If only 2 groups were compared, Student’s t test (for data with a Gaussian distribution, according to a D’Agostino‐Person test) or Mann‐Whitney test (for data with a non‐Gaussian distribution) was used. For ≥3 groups, a 1‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Dunnett’s correction for multiple comparisons were applied. Equality of variance was tested with an F test (prior to Student’s t test) or Bartlett’s test (before an ANOVA). The assay’s standardized results are presented as mean ± SD. In accordance with CLSI guideline C28‐A3,²⁶ the reference range was defined as the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the population. Correlations were assessed by calculating Pearson’s coefficient r. The threshold for statistical significance was set to P < .05 (*P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001). To remove outliers, we applied the robust regression and outlier removal method,²⁹ with a Q coefficient of 1%.

The radiation dose values were calculated as follows: First, subtraction of the average radiation dose of the 2 respective background dosemeters from the gross radiation dose value of each individual dosemeter reading. Second, if this subtracted value was below the lower detection limit for the net dose, then setting the final radiation dose value conservatively to the respective lower detection limit (0.030 mSv or 0.044 mSv). By using the (metrologically based) maximum expected dose value, this approach prevents reporting false low dose values.
Statistical analysis was performed using Prism 6 for Mac (GraphPad Software Inc., La Jolla, USA). Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Variables for numeric pain rating scale rejected normality (Shapiro-Wilk normality test) and were analyzed using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.