Aluminum trichloride hexahydrate

Reagents, standards, and solvents of analytical grade were used. Purified deionized water was prepared with the Milli-Q^® (Millipore, Arlington, Massachusetts, USA) water purification system. For food purposes, 96.3% rectified ethanol (JSC “Vilniaus Degtine”, Vilnius, Lithuania) was used, along with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland); acetonitrile (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany); reference standards p-coumaric acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), caffeic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), ferulic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), chlorogenic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), vanillic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), cinnamic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), apigenin (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), pinobanksin (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), pinocembrin (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), galangin (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), and salicin (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland); sodium carbonate (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France), and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany). An ultrasonic bath (Bandelin electronic GmbH & Co.KG, Germany) and a lyophilizer (LyoQuest Telstar, Wertheim, Germany) were used for preparation of the extracts.

All the reagents were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich Química S.A. (Madrid, Spain). Anhydrous sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), methanol (CH₃-OH), ethanol (C₂H5OH), glacial acetic acid (CH₃-COOH), aluminum trichloride hexahydrate (AlCl₃·6H₂O), sodium acetate trihydrate (CH₃COONa·3H₂O), hydrochloric acid 37% (HCl), iron chloride (III) hexahydrate (FeCl₃ 6H₂O, TPTZ (2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine), ABTS (2,2-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈), PBS (phosphate-buffered saline), AAPH (2,2-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihidrochloride 97%)), fluorescein sodium salt (C₂₀H₁₀O₅Na₂), Trolox 97% (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carbonsaeure 97%), Tween-20, methyl linoleate (C₁₉H₃₄O₂), iron (II) chloride (FeCl₂), and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN).
The flowing standards epicatechin (C₁₅H₁₄O₆), arbutin (C₁₂H₁₆O₇), ferulic acid (C₁₀H₁₀O₄), sinapic acid (C₁₁H₁₂O₅), p-Coumaric acid (C₉H₈O₃), cinnamic acid (C₉H₈O₂), myricetine (C₁₅H₁₀O₈), kaempferol (C₁₅H₁₀O₆), vanillic acid (C₈H₈O₄), and gallic acid (C₇H₆O₅) were also acquired from Sigma-Aldrich Quimica S.A. (Madrid, Spain).

Solvents, standards and reagents of analytical grade were used. Purified deionized water was prepared with the Milli-Q^® water purification system (Millipore, Arlington, MA, USA). Rectified ethanol 96.3% (JSC “Vilniaus Degtine”, Vilnius, Lithuania) was used, along with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland); 20% Chlorhexidine digluconate solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) acetonitrile (>99.9%) (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany); reference standards: caffeic acid (≥98.0%), p-coumaric acid (≥98.0%), cinnamic acid (≥99.0%) (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), chlorogenic acid (≥96.0%), vanillic acid (≥97.0%), pinobanksin (≥95.0%), pinocembrin (≥95.0%), galangin (≥95.0%) and salicin (≥99.0%) (Sigma-Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland); sodium carbonate (≥99.0%) (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France) and aluminum trichloride hexahydrate (≥99.0%) (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany). An ultrasonic bath (Bandelin electronic GmbH & Co.KG, Berlin, Germany) was used for the preparation of the extracts.