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34 protocols using tablecurve 2d v5

1

Mycelial Growth Rate of Fungal Isolates

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The mycelial growth of all isolates was determined using cultures grown on PDA.
Mycelial plugs (8 mm in diameter) obtained from the growing edge of 7-day-old colonies were transferred to the center of PDA plates (one plug per plate), which were then incubated in the dark at the temperatures of 25, 30, 35, 40, and 45 ± 1ºC for seven days, with four replicates of each isolate and temperature combination. The colony diameter of each isolate for all temperatures was daily measured along two perpendicular axes and the data were used to calculate the Mycelial Growth Rate (MGR) as mm per day (mm d - 1 ). The experiment was set up as a completely randomized design. The experiment was conducted twice. A preliminary ANOVA analysis was performed to determine whether there were significant differences between the two repetitions of the experiment and whether the data could be combined. Then, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted with the data obtained from MGR. The optimum temperature for MGR of each isolate was plotted against temperature and a curve was fitted by a cubic polynomial regression (y=a+bx+cx 2 +dx 3 ) using TABLECURVE 2D v. 5.01 (SYSTAT Software, Inc., 2002) . The mean MGR of all isolates at each temperature were compared by Scott-Knott at the 5% significance level using SISVAR v. 5.6 (Ferreira 2011) .
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2

Mathematical Modeling of Mass Transfer

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A one-way ANOVA was performed at the significance level p < 0.05, and Tukey’s test was used for multiple comparison. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between the mean values of chemical characteristics were determined by Tukey’s multiple range test. The data were recorded as means ± SD (standard deviation), and analyzed using Excel 2007.
Fitting of the mathematical functions (Peleg, Kelvin-Voigt, and Burger) to the experimental points was done using Table Curve 2D v. 5.01 (SYSTAT Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
The degree of adaptation of the mathematical model to the mass transfer was based on the simultaneous analysis of the determined values of: Root mean square error (RMSE), reduced test value (χ2), residual variance coefficient (CRV), and the determination coefficient (R2). These factors were calculated based on the following formulas: RSME= i=1N(MRi,pMRi,e)2N,
χ2=i=1N(MRi,pMRi,e)2Nn,
CRV=χ2Y ×100%,
R2=SSMSST= i=1N(MRi,p MRp)2i=1n(MRi,eMRp)2  
The high value of R2 and the low values of χ2 and RMSE indicated good fitting of the model to the experimental data. The values of CRV of less than 20% indicated that the model can be used for process predictions.
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3

Sulforhodamine B Cell Proliferation Assay

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Cell proliferation was measured by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay [36 (link)]. Cells were seeded in 96-well plates (3 × 104 cells/mL), incubated for 24 h, and either fixed (for zero day controls) or treated with various concentrations of test compounds (total volume of 200 μL/well) for 24, 48, and 72 h. After treatment, the cells were fixed with 50% TCA solution and dried at room temperature. Fixed cells were stained in 0.4% SRB in 1% acetic acid, and unbound dye was washed with 1% acetic acid. Stained cells were dried and dissolved in 10 mM Tris (pH 10.0). The absorbance was measured at 515 nm, and cell proliferation was determined as follows: cell proliferation (%) = (average absorbance compound – average absorbance zero day) / (average absorbance control – average absorbance zero day) × 100. IC50 values were calculated by non-linear regression analysis using the TableCurve 2D v5.01 software (Systat Software Inc., San Jose, CA, USA).
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4

Nonlinear Curve Fitting with R2 Optimization

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Table Curve 2D v5.01 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA, USA) enabled fitting the mathematical equation to experimental points with the highest possible value of the determination coefficient R2 and the lowest value of fit standard error FSE. Standard deviations were estimated by means of Microsoft Excel.
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5

Statistical Analysis of Compound Inhibition

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Statistical significance (P<0.05) was assessed using Student's t-test or one-way analysis of variance coupled with Dunnett's t-test performed using OriginPro 8.0 (OriginLab Corp, Northampton, MA, USA). For all compounds, half-maximal inhibitory concentration values and non-linear regressions were calculated using TableCurve 2D v5.01 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA).
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6

SRB Assay for Cell Proliferation

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The cells (5–8 × 104 cells/ml) were treated with various concentrations of compounds in 96-well culture plates. After 72 h of treatment, the cells were fixed with 10% TCA solution, and the cell proliferation was determined through a sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay [33 (link)]. The percentage of cell proliferation was determined according to the following formula: cell proliferation (%) = 100 × [(A treated – A zero day)/(A control – A zero day)], where A is the average absorbance. The IC50 values were calculated through non-linear regression analysis using TableCurve 2D v5.01 (Systat Software Inc., San Jose, CA, USA)
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7

Assessing Synergistic Effects of Cancer Drugs

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Cell viability was assayed by MTT method. Cells were seeded in 96-well plates. On the next day, cells were treated with indicated concentrations of gefitinib, osimertinib, or YD alone or in combination for 72 h. IC50 values were calculated via non-linear regression analysis using TableCurve 2D v5.01 (Systat Software Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). The combination effect was evaluated by the value of the combination index (CI) values which were calculated as follows: CI = D1/(Dx)1+D2/(Dx)2. D1 and D2 are the concentrations of the combined test compounds that achieve the expected effect, and (Dx)1 and (Dx)2 are the concentrations that achieve similar effects when the test compounds are used alone. The CI values were compared with the reference values reported by Chou23 (link).
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8

Anthocyanin Content and Colour Analysis

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Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Significance of inter-group differences was determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), calculated with Statistica v. 13.3 software (StatSoft Poland). Individual group differences were identified using the Tukey (HSD) multiple range test at a significance level of 0.05. Coefficients of determination (R2) and root mean square errors (RMSE) were used in this study to determine the goodness of fit. Fitting hygroscopicity to equations was performed using Table Curve 2D v 5.01 (SYSTAT Software Inc). Additionally, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated in order to evaluate the dependence between anthocyanin content and colour parameters.
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9

Interfacial Dilatational Rheology of Aqueous Layers

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In order to evaluate the mechanical strength of the surface layers under dilatational strain, measurements were performed in oscillatory mode using a pendant drop tensiometer. Small amplitude oscillations were applied through periodic expansions and compressions of a drop of aqueous solution suspended in air following the oscillating drop method [49 (link),50 (link)]. Time sweep tests at different frequencies were performed to obtain the frequency sweep test within the 0.005–0.1 Hz range. Preliminary amplitude sweep tests were performed to identify the linear viscoelastic region (∆A/A = 10%) [49 (link),50 (link)].
The rheological data were interpreted by using the bidimensional critical gel model, which describes the trend of Ed* versus frequency, according to a power law trend in a log–log diagram [46 (link),51 (link)]. According to this approach, we can use the following equation: Ed*=kd·ωnd
where kd is the interfacial dilatational gel strength and nd is its structuration degree. The data were fitted with the software TABLE CURVE 2D v 5.01 (Systat Software Inc., San Jose CA, USA).
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10

Evaluation of Combination Compound Effects

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Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. Briefly, cells were seeded in 96-well plates. On the next day, cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of test compounds and incubated for 72 h. IC50 values were calculated through non-linear regression analysis using the TableCurve 2D v5.01 software (Systat Software Inc., San Jose, CA, USA). The combination effect was evaluated through combination index (CI) values, which were calculated as follows: CI = D1/(Dx)1 + D2/(Dx)2. D1 and D2 are the concentrations of the combined test compounds that achieve the expected effect. (Dx)1 and (Dx)2 are the concentrations that achieve similar effects when test compounds are used alone. CI values were compared with reference values according to Chou [27 (link)].
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