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Diver 2

Manufactured by Bioptigen

The Diver 2.4 software is a core component of Bioptigen's lab equipment. It provides a user interface and functionality for operating and analyzing data from Bioptigen's imaging devices. The software enables the capture, display, and processing of images and data, supporting the core functions of Bioptigen's lab equipment.

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5 protocols using diver 2

1

Ultrahigh-Resolution Retinal Imaging in Mice

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An ultrahigh resolution 850 nm (bandwidth 160 nm) OCT system with an axial resolution of 1.6 μm in tissue (Envisu UHR2200; Bioptigen, Durham, NC, USA) operating in EDI mode was used to obtain optical sections of the retina. Mice were anesthetized with ketamine (100 mg/kg) and xylazine (6 mg/kg). Eye position was adjusted to place the optic nerve head in the center of the OCT scan. For imaging LA animals, all procedures were done under normal procedure room illumination (500 lux). For long-term (∼5 hours) LA, mice were placed in regular animal housing (50 lux), and kept in the procedure room (500 lux) for short-term (15 minutes and 2 hours) LA. For DA animals, all procedures were performed under dim red light. Optical coherence tomography images were analyzed using ImageJ (NIH) and Diver 2.4 software (Bioptigen). Data are presented as mean ± SD.
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2

Retinal Layer Thickness Analysis in Mice

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ONL, INL, PR, and FRT were measured using OCT (Bioptigen 840 nm; Phoenix-Micron, Inc., Bend, OR, USA). OCT images were obtained in WT, IRBP Het, and IRBP KO mice at 1 month postnatal. OCT collection and layer thickness analyses were performed using previously published methods [39 (link)], and 10 marks corresponding to specific reflective layers of the retina were placed using Bioptigen Diver 2.4 software. FRT was measured as the difference between marker 1 and 10 (Figure 1), corresponding to the inner limiting membrane and the outer edge of the RPE, respectively. The ONL was measured between markers 5 and 6, corresponding to the hyporeflective region above band 1. The INL was measured between markers 3 and 4, corresponding to the hyporeflective region above the ONL. Finally, the PR was measured between markers 6 and 9, corresponding to bands 2 and 3, which encompasses both the inner and outer segments, respectively. Measurements were determined at eight equidistant eccentricities in the nasal and temporal directions from the optic nerve head (±0.56, ±0.42, ±0.28, ±0.14). The average ONL, INL, PR, and FRT for all eccentricities were calculated and two-tailed t-tests were performed to determine differences between genotypes.
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3

Neutrophil-Mediated Retinal Degeneration in NOD-SCID Mice

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NOD-SCID mice (NOD.CB17-Prkdescid/J, Jackson Laboratories, USA, male, 4–5-weeks-old) were used for the study. A large sample size, n = 10, was taken to nullify any experimental anomaly. Mice were anaesthetized and sub-retinal injections of neutrophils from different experimental groups or recombinant LCN-2 protein were given as described earlier73 (link). Seven days after treatment, the NOD-SCID mice were anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of a ketamine and xylazine mixture and then subjected to Fundus imaging along with OCT analysis using the Bioptigen Envisu R2210 system. OCT images were analyzed on optical sections (100 sections per retina) from each eye ranging from−2.0 to +2.0 mm with respect to the optic nerve head (ONH) using the FIJI-ImageJ (NIH) plugin provided with the instrument along with Diver 2.4 software (Bioptigen). After the experiment, the animals were euthanized with CO2 gas and the eyes were harvested for further experiments.
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4

Retinal Thickness Measurement by SD-OCT

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Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) (840 nm; Bioptigen, Inc./Leica, Durham, NC, USA) was utilized to collect thickness readings of the retinas at the end of the experiment by the Ocular Phenotyping Core at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. OCT images were collected with Bioptigen InVivoVue® 1.4 software. Bioptigen Diver® 2.0 software was used to analyze the thickness of various layers. Further details of this method have been previously reported [27 (link)].We assessed the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), inner plexiform (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), inner segment (IS), outer segment (OS), and retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). The RNFL, IPL and INL were combined to assess the Inner thickness, OP and ON combined as the Middle, and IS, OS and RPE as the Outer. The Inner, Middle and Outer were further summed as a measure of the Total thickness.
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5

Assessing Retinal Ganglion Cell Complexity in Mice

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Retinal laminar morphology and thickness of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) were assessed in live mice non-invasively using spectrum domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) as established in our lab [30 (link)]. GCC includes the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer (GCL), and inner plexiform layer. Mice were anesthetized by i.p. injection of a ketamine/xylazine mixture, and pupils were dilated using 1% tropicamide. Lubricant gel drops (Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp, East Hanover, NJ) were applied to maintain the moisture of the cornea. Images were acquired using SD-OCT (InVivoVue Clinic; Bioptigen Inc, Research Triangle Park, NC), and 100 radial volume scans covering 360° of the retina (centered on optic disc, diameter 1.3 mm) were collected. The GCC thickness was assessed automatically with Diver 2.0 software (Bioptigen Inc, Research Triangle Park, NC), measured at four points in each scan (200 and 400 μm from the central of the optic disk at both sides, respectively) and averaged from 100 scans of each retina.
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