Exendin-4, liraglutide, and Peptides 17, 18, and 20 were supplied by Dr. Richard D. DiMarchi at Indiana University. The sequence and synthesis of these peptides are described in Finan and Ma et al. [86 ]. Derivatives of Peptide 17 (DA-CH3, DA-J4, and DA5-CH) were synthesized by ChinaPeptide Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) for Dr. Christian Hölscher, who supplied them for this study. Lixisenatide and semaglutide were purchased from BOC Sciences (Shirley, NY), catalog numbers B0084-090106 and B0084-007194, respectively. Sequences and additional peptide information are listed in Table 1 .
Semaglutide
Manufactured by BOC Sciences
Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, which is a class of compounds used in the development and manufacturing of pharmaceutical products. It is a synthetic peptide that mimics the action of the natural GLP-1 hormone in the body, which plays a role in regulating blood glucose levels.
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2 protocols using semaglutide
1
Peptide Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation
2
Behavioral and Electrophysiology Protocols for Semaglutide
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For behavioral testing, semaglutide (Peptide International) was prepared using 1.25% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; Thermo Fisher Scientific) and 1.25% (v/v) Tween 80 (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and diluted with 0.9% saline (Hospira). Following a within-subjects, Latin-square design, semaglutide (0.001, 0.003, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 mg/kg in mice; 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 mg/kg in rats), and vehicle were administered s.c. The volume of injection was 10 mL/kg in mice and 1 mL/kg in rats. The alcohol solution used for systemic injections in the rotarod experiments in mice was prepared with 200-proof ethanol (Pharmco) in 0.9% saline to produce a 20% (v/v) alcohol solution. This solution was administered i.p. at a dose of 2.0 g/kg. For electrophysiology studies, stock solutions of semaglutide (BOC Sciences), CGP55845A (Tocris), 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX; Tocris), and DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (DL-AP5; Tocris) were prepared in either distilled water or DMSO, aliquoted, frozen, and added to the bath solution.
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