Quantachrome nova1200e

Bioadsorbent particles were characterized prior to and post lanthanum bioadsorption. Porous structure was obtained by mercury porosimetry (AutoPore IV 9500, Micromeritics Instrument Corporation, Norcross, GA, USA) under low (0.03 to 2.41 bar) to high (2.41 to 4136.85 bar) pressure levels. Specific surface area was examined by BET analysis (Quantachrome/NOVA1200e, Anton Paar, Germany), measuring the adsorption/desorption of nitrogen at −469 K. Crystallinity analysis was conducted by XRD technique (X’Pert-MPD, Philips Analytical X-ray, The Netherlands) under 40 kV voltage, 40 mA, and 0.02° step size. Thermal analysis was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere with temperature range of 303 to 1073 K, gas outflow of 50 mL/min, and rate of 278 K/min (DTG 60, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).

In order to understand the applicability of such materials in adsorptive processes it is important to prove the presence of the extractant on the support surface. So, the presence of crown ether extractant on the surface of the Amberlite obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) using an FEI Quanta FEG 250 scanning electron microscope (FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA). The presence of DB18C6 crown ether on the functionalized support was confirmed by recording the FT-IR spectra (FTIR, Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) of the new material. Further new prepared material was characterized by determining its specific surface by using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, using a Quantachrome Nova 1200e instrument (Anton Paar GmbH, Osfildern-Scharnhausen, Germany).