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256 protocols using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (cfse)

1

CFSE-Based B and T Cell Proliferation Assay

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A total of 1 × 107/ml B cell-depleted splenocytes or purified B cells resuspended in PBS were labeled with 2 μM CFSE (BioLegend) for 15 min at 37 °C and then washed twice with complete RPMI-1640 medium for culture. To monitor the polarization of B cells, murine splenic B cells were isolated and labeled with CFSE and then cultured with CD40 mAb, LPS, or CpG-ODN 1826 in the presence or absence of 0.5 mM NaBu for 48–96 h plus L + PIM for the last 5 h. To monitor T cell proliferation, splenocytes labeled with CFSE were seeded in plates precoated with αCD3 (5 μg/ml; BioLegend) and αCD28 (1 μg/ml; BioLegend) and cocultured for 72 h with B cells (splenocytes: B cells = 1:1 or 1:2), which were washed twice with PBS after induced by LPS with or without NaBu for 48 h. Cell proliferation was detected by dilution of CFSE with flow cytometry.
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2

T-Cell Proliferation Assay with Cisplatin-Treated A549 Cells

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Whole blood was collected from healthy individuals at the Suzhou Blood Center
(Suzhou, China) and subjected to density gradient separation on Ficoll-Paque Plus (GE
Healthcare, USA). After centrifugation, the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)
layer was collected, seeded onto a tissue culture plate, and incubated at 37°C in a
5%-CO2 incubator. After 2-h incubation, cells in suspension were
collected following gentle pipetting the medium, and these were predominantly T
cells. The isolated T cells were labeled with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester
(CFSE; Biolegend) as previously described (14 (link)). Meanwhile, A549 cells were treated with cisplatin (25 mg/mL; Biolegend)
for 3 h. The CFSE-labeled T cells were then seeded into 96-well plates
(2×105 cells/well) that had been pre-coated overnight with anti-CD3 (5
µg/mL, Biolegend) and anti-CD28 (2.5 µg/mL, Biolegend) at 4°C. The cisplatin-treated
A549 cells with or without B7-H1 blocking antibody (50 µg/mL, Biolegend) were then
added to CFSE-labeled T cells at a T:A549 ratio of 1:2, 1:4, or 1:8. Each condition
was tested in triplicate. After 72 h, all cells were collected and T-cell
proliferation was examined by flow cytometry.
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3

PDAC Organoids Potentiate CD8+ T Cell Killing

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Mouse PDAC cells stably expressing OVA and carrying doxycycline (Dox)-inducible mTurquoise2-Atg4BC74A were grown as organoids, treated with or without Dox (1 μg/mL) for 96 hrs. Organoids were dissociated into single cells, which were then incubated with either anti-H-2Kb-SIINFEKL antibody (clone 25-D1.16, BioXCell, BE0207) or isotype control (clone MOPC-21, BioXCell, BE0083) at 100 μg/mL for 30 min at 4 °C. Total splenocytes were harvested from OT-I mice and CD8+ T cells were enriched using Dynabeads® Untouched™ Mouse CD8 Cells (Invitrogen, 11417D) following manufacturer’s instructions. Isolated CD8+ T cells were labelled with 10 μM CFSE (BioLegend) for 10 min at RT in the dark, washed 3x with RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FBS. Ten thousand PDAC cells and forty thousand CD8+ cells were seeded in 96-well plates and cultured in 100 μL 50% DMEM and 50% RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FBS, 10 ng/mL recombinant murine IL-2 (Peprotech), 27.5 μM 2-Mercaptoehanol (Gibco), and 100 μg/mL of respective antibodies. After 48 hrs, CD8+ T cells were harvested and stained with anti-CD8a antibody (AF647, clone 53–6.7, BioLegend) and DAPI, and proliferation was analyzed by CFSE dilution using flow cytometry. After removal of CD8+ T cells, the viability of remaining PDAC cells were measured by CellTiter-Glo (Promega).
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4

CFSE-Based Proliferation Assay for CD4+ T Cells

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For the proliferation assay, 1 × 106 purified CD4+CD25– T cells were labeled with the carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) (1 μM; Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) in 1 mL pre-warmed phosphate-buffered saline, followed by incubation for 10 min at room temperature and neutralization with pre-chilled complete medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. CFSE-labeled cells were re-suspended and cultured in complete medium in the presence of plate-bound anti-CD3 (coating concentration was 2.5 μg/mL, Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA) and soluble anti-CD28 (2.5 μg/mL, Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA) in 24-well flat-bottom plates for 72 h. After culture, the cells were collected for anti-TIGIT APC and anti-CD226 PerCP-CY5.5 staining and then analyzed to determine the CFSE intensities. Each experiment was performed and analyzed using a FACS JAZZ instrument.
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5

MDSC Suppression of CD8+ T Cell Proliferation

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CD11b+Gr1+ MDSCs were sorted from tumors of tumor-bearing mice using an EasySep™ Mouse MDSC (CD11b+Gr1+) Isolation Kit. CD8+ T cells were isolated from the spleen of naive mice using an EasySep mouse CD8+T cell isolation kit (STEMCELL) according to the manufacturer’s instructions and were labeled with 1µM carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) (BioLegend). T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 (1 µg/mL; Bio-Legend) and anti-CD28 (1 µg/mL; BioLegend), incubated at 105 cells per well, and co-cultured with sorted MDSCs at different ratios for 72 h. CD8+T cell proliferation by CFSE was measured using FACS analysis.
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6

PDAC Organoids Potentiate CD8+ T Cell Killing

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Mouse PDAC cells stably expressing OVA and carrying doxycycline (Dox)-inducible mTurquoise2-Atg4BC74A were grown as organoids, treated with or without Dox (1 μg/mL) for 96 hrs. Organoids were dissociated into single cells, which were then incubated with either anti-H-2Kb-SIINFEKL antibody (clone 25-D1.16, BioXCell, BE0207) or isotype control (clone MOPC-21, BioXCell, BE0083) at 100 μg/mL for 30 min at 4 °C. Total splenocytes were harvested from OT-I mice and CD8+ T cells were enriched using Dynabeads® Untouched™ Mouse CD8 Cells (Invitrogen, 11417D) following manufacturer’s instructions. Isolated CD8+ T cells were labelled with 10 μM CFSE (BioLegend) for 10 min at RT in the dark, washed 3x with RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FBS. Ten thousand PDAC cells and forty thousand CD8+ cells were seeded in 96-well plates and cultured in 100 μL 50% DMEM and 50% RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% FBS, 10 ng/mL recombinant murine IL-2 (Peprotech), 27.5 μM 2-Mercaptoehanol (Gibco), and 100 μg/mL of respective antibodies. After 48 hrs, CD8+ T cells were harvested and stained with anti-CD8a antibody (AF647, clone 53–6.7, BioLegend) and DAPI, and proliferation was analyzed by CFSE dilution using flow cytometry. After removal of CD8+ T cells, the viability of remaining PDAC cells were measured by CellTiter-Glo (Promega).
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7

Comprehensive T Cell Proliferation Assay

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For CFSE proliferation assays, ATO-derived CD8SP or CD4SP T cells were isolated by negative selection MACS as above (with further FACS purification of CD4SP T cells as described above) and labeled with 5 μM CFSE (Biolegend, San Diego, CA). Labeled cells were incubated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads (ThermoFisher Scientific, Grand Island, NY) in AIM V/5% human AB serum with 20 ng/ml rhIL-2 (Peprotech, Rocky Hill, NJ), co-stained for CD25 or 4-1BB (Biolegend, San Diego, CA) and analyzed by flow cytometry on day 5. In some experiments CFSE was substituted for CellTrace Violet (CTV; ThermoFisher) with labeling per the manufacturer’s protocol. For in vitro cell expansion assays, 5×103–1×104 ATO-derived CD8SP or CD4SP T cells isolated as above were plated in 96-well U-bottom plates in 200 μl, and activated/expanded with anti-CD3/28 beads and either 20 ng/mL IL-2 or 5 ng/mL IL-7 and 5 ng/mL IL-15 (Peprotech). Beads were removed on day 4, and fresh medium and cytokines were added every 2–3 days with replating into larger wells as needed. Cells were counted weekly with a hemacytometer. In some experiments, cells were restimulated with fresh anti-CD3/CD28 beads on day 14.
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8

T-cell Proliferation Assay

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CD4 or CD8 T cells were pre-loaded with CFSE as per manufacturer’s instruction (BioLegend) and then stimulated with CD3/CD28 antibodies or OVA peptides as described above for up to 72 h. T-cell proliferation as determined by quantification of the percentage of cells exhibiting CFSE dilution was detected by flow cytometry.
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9

Quantifying T Cell Proliferation

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Isolated T cells were stained with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE; 2.5 million cells/ml, 5 μM CFSE, Biolegend) for 10 min at room temperature (r.t.) in the dark, before the reaction was stopped with cold medium containing 10% FCS. After washing the cells with medium, they were activated and stimulated as described above. Fluorescence intensity of the cells was quantified with a FACSCanto on day one (basis measurement) and day five.
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10

Immune Response and Cell Cytotoxicity Assays

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Splenocytes isolated from WT and Ack1 KO mice were incubated with TRAMP-C2 cells. After 24 h, cells were labeled with 7-AAD (Biolegend) and the percentage of 7-AAD+ cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. In addition, splenocytes were isolated from C57BL/6 mice, treated overnight with 1 μM (R)-9b. Cells were washed once with PBS and incubated with TRAMP-C2 cells, pre-stained with CFSE (BioLegend). After 24 h, cells were labeled with 7-AAD (Biolegend) and cell lysis was evaluated using flow cytometry analyzing the percentage of CFSE+ 7-AAD+ cells.
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