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5 protocols using wnt10b

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Skin Proteins

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Samples were embedded in paraffin and cut into 5-μm-thick sections. The primary antibodies against the following proteins were used: Sox4, Krt10, invulcrin, AE13 (all diluted 1:100, Santa Cruz, USA), Krt14 (1:50, Sangon Biotech, China), Krt15 (1:50, Sangon Biotech, China), AE15 (1:100, Abcam, USA), BrdU (1:200, Abcam, USA), BMP6 (1:100, Abcam, USA) and Wnt10b (1:100, Abcam, USA). Cy3-labeled or AF488-labeled secondary antibodies (Beyotime, China) were used. The sections were counterstained with DAPI (Beyotime, China). Finally, the sections were mounted with anti-fade mount media (Beyotime, China) and observed under a microscope.
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2

Osteogenic Marker Expression Analysis

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Immunostaining for osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), Wnt5a, and Wnt10b (all from Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom) was performed on 5-μm-thick paraffin-embedded horizontal bone sections. The Vectastain ABC Elite kit (Vector Laboratories, INC., Burlingame, CA, United States) was used to develop the immunoenzymatic reaction. Counterstain was performed with hematoxylin, and then the slides were observed by two observers blinded to treatments. Counting of positive cells was performed along the bone surface at 40× magnification using an eyepiece micrometer.
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3

Depletion of Wnt proteins from conditioned media

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Wnts were depleted from ACM as described (32 (link)). Briefly, Pierce Protein A/G magnetic beads (Life Technologies Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) were washed two times for 1 hour at 4°C with 1XGE Binding Washing Buffer (GE Life Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA). The beads were then coated with 4µg of anti-rabbit Wnt1, Wnt2b, Wnt3, Wnt5b, Wnt10b, or rabbit IgG1 isotype control overnight (Abcam, Cambridge, MA). One mL of ACM was then applied to the beads and incubated overnight at 4°C with continuous rotation at 30 rpm. The supernatant was then collected by separation of magnetic beads under a magnetic field and depletion of Wnt(s) was confirmed by western blot of supernatant as previously shown (32 (link)).
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4

Comprehensive Western Blot Analysis of Osteogenic Markers

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Western blot analysis was conducted as described previously.23, 24 In brief, total protein were harvested from cells with RIPA buffer (Beyotime) supplemented with cocktail (Beyotime). Then, the soluble protein was collected. A total of 50 μg of proteins was subjected to 10% SDS‐PAGE gel electrophoresis and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Millipore). The membranes were then blocked with 5% skimmed milk and probed with antibodies: GAPDH (Sangon Biotech), OPN (Cell Signaling Technology), OSX (Abcam), Runx2 (Cell Signaling Technology), SMAD5 (Cell Signaling Technology), Wnt10b (Abcam), Dlx5 (Cell Signaling Technology) and STAT3 (Abcam). The signal was visualized on MiniChemi 610 System Instrument (Sage Creation Science Co.). All samples were detected in triplicate independent tests.
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5

Immunoblotting of Cell Signaling Proteins

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Immunoblotting was performed following standard protocol (the R&D Systems Quality Control Western Blot Protocol). Antibodies, including β-actin (Sigma, #A3854), vinculin (Millipore 05-386), Bmp4 (Abcam, ab124715), Bmp2 (Abcam, ab82511), Wnt5a (Abcam, ab229200), Wnt5b (Abcam, ab94914), Wnt10b (Abcam, ab70816), insulin (Abcam, ab181547), KRAS G12D (Cell Signaling, 14429S), and Tfcp2 (Cell Signaling, 80784S), were purchased. Quantifications were performed using Image J software, and the results were normalized using the first control band.
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