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25 protocols using ultrapure millipore direct q 3uv r

1

Trace Element Analysis Protocol

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Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide were of Suprapur grade and were bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). A standard solution of Se (1 mg/L) was bought from PlasmaCAL (SCP SCIENCE, Baie-D’Urfé, QC, Canada). The enzymes used during simulated digestion (pepsin and pancreatin) and the dialysis tubes were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sodium bicarbonate was bought from Avantor Performance Materials (POCH, Gliwice, Poland). High-purity deionized water (resistivity of 18.2 MWcm), obtained using an Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA), was used throughout the analysis. Professional polypropylene recipients certified for trace elements analysis (DigiTubes and DigiFilters), which were applied for the digestion, filtration and digest storage, were purchased from SCP SCIENCE, Canada.
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2

Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Analysis

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All chemicals and reagents used in the study were of analytical purity. Methanol, ethanol and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were obtained from Avantor Chemicals (Gliwice, Poland). Ultrapure water (resistance 18.2 MΩcm) used during all determinations was obtained using an Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). The standard substances for HPLC analysis—6-gingerol and kaempferol, acacetin and galangin which were used for a direct comparison of fragmentation patterns in the LC-MS method (≥98% HPLC) and for UV-Vis spectrophotometry—gallic acid, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and 2,2-diphenyl-1-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The mobile phase in HPLC was composed of HPLC-grade water [solvent A] purchased from ChemSolve (Łódź, Poland), HPLC-grade acetonitrile (ACN) [solvent B] and formic acid (HCOOH) purchased from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA).
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3

Extraction and Analysis of Turmeric Compounds

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Methanol (Avantor Chemicals, Gliwice, Poland) was used to obtain the extracts from the turmeric rhizome. For a chromatographic analysis, ultrapure water (a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ*cm) and acetonitrile of an HPLC grade (JT Baker, Phillipsburg, NJ, USA) were applied as solvents, constituting the mobile phase. The antioxidant activity assays were performed using sodium carbonate of a reagent grade (Avantor Chemicals, Gliwice, Poland), a Folin–Ciocalteau reagent (StanLab, Lublin, Poland) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). The standard reagents used in the study were gallic acid, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). High-purity deionized water (a resistivity of 18.2 MWcm), obtained using an Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA), was used throughout the analysis.
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4

Preparation of Metal Ion Stock Solutions

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Stock solutions at a concentration of 1.0 ppm (mg/l) for zinc, 1.5 ppm for copper, 1.5 ppm for manganese were prepared by dilution the standard solutions at a concentration of 1000 ppm (Merck. Germany) in 0.5% nitric acid; prepared by diluting 65% Suprapur nitric acid (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in deionized water by Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ∙cm.
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5

Suprapur-Grade Reagent Analysis

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All reagents were of Suprapur Grade and were bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). High purity deionized water (resistivity of 18.2 MWcm) obtained using an Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) was used throughout the analysis. Quartz crucibles and polypropylene recipients were applied for the digestion and digest storage, respectively.
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6

Phytochemical and Elemental Analysis of Ginger

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The standards of 6-gingerol and 10-shogaol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Water, formic acid, and acetonitrile of spectroscopic grade were produced by J. T. Baker (Center Valley, PA, USA).
Nitric (V) acid (65%) and hydrochloric acid (36%) were of Suprapur Grade and were bought from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). High purity deionized water (resistivity 18.2 MΩcm) obtained using an Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was used throughout the analysis. Quartz crucibles and polypropylene recipients were applied for the digestion and storage of digests, respectively.
A series of standard solutions of Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, and Zn at a concentration of 1000 mg/L (Merck, Germany) was used to plot the calibration curve for each element.
Diethyl ether and silica gel (230–400 mesh) applied in the GC-MS analysis of the extracts were produced by Merck (Germany). A C9–C25 hydrocarbon solution used as a reference mixture for GC-MS analysis was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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7

Microwave-Assisted Digestion Protocol

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The samples were accurately weighted, quantitatively transferred into CX-100 Teflon vessels, and mineralized in TOPWave apparatus (Analytik Jena, Germany) with an oxidative mixture composed of 69% nitric acid (Suprapure Merck Darmstadt, Germany) and deionized water (Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV Merck) in a ratio of 2:1 (v/v).11 (link) The conditions of the process are presented in Table 2. The supernatant was taken for ICP-OES analysis and solid residues were assessed based on microscopic analysis.
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8

Preparation of Trace Metal Stock Solutions

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Stock solutions at concentration of 3.0 ppb (μg/l) for cadmium, 35 ppb for chromium, 60 ppb for nickel and 30 ppb for lead were prepared by dilution the standard solutions at a concentration of 1000ppm (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in 0.5% nitric acid; prepared by diluting 65% Suprapur nitric acid (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) in deionized water by Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q-R 3UV (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ∙cm.
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9

Quantification of Bioactive Compounds in Plant Extracts

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Murashige & Skoog Medium Vitamin Mixture (MS), auxins: IBA (>98.0%), 2,4-D (>96%), and cytokinins: KIN (>98%), BA (>99%), 2iP (>98%), and TDZ (>95%) were purchased from Duchefa Biochemie B.V. (Haarlem, the Netherlands). Acetonitrile (ACN) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) of at least pro-analysis-grade were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). 2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, trolox, aluminum chloride, and standards of analytes: ChA (≥95.0%), 3,5CQA (≥95.0%), rutin (≥94.0%), UA (≥90.0%), and OA (≥97.0%) were purchased in Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). CO standard was obtained by distillation of C. acaulis roots in the Deryng apparatus. The purity of the standard (96.2%) was evaluated using GC-MS, and the identity was confirmed by IR, Raman, and NMR spectroscopy according to the methodology published previously [13 (link)]. Water was deionized and purified using Ultrapure Millipore Direct-Q® 3UV-R (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
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10

Chlorogenic Acid Extraction and Analysis

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Chlorogenic acid (≥95%), neoChlorogenic acid (≥98%), cryptoChlorogenic acid (≥98%), 3,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid (≥95%), trifluoroacetic acid (≥99%), and HPLC-grade methanol and acetonitrile were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Water for HPLC was purified by Ultrapure Milli-pore Direct-Q®3UV–R (Merck Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The COx with 96.2% purity was obtained by the distillation of C. acaulis roots in the Deryng apparatus. The identity and purity of the compound were confirmed in accordance with previously established methodology [30 (link)]. The ointment with mupirocin (Mupirox, Pharmaswiss Ceska Republika, Prague, Czech Republic) and clotrimazole (Clotrimazolum Hasco, Hasco-Lek S.A., Wroclaw, Poland) was purchased from a local pharmacy.
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