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35 protocols using jem 2100hr

1

Characterization of Silica Nanoparticles by TEM and DLS

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TEM images of monodisperse silica nanoparticles and fluorescent silica nanoparticles were acquired using a JEOL JEM-2100 (HR) transmission electron microscope. Cryo-TEM measurement was performed using a Tecnai F20 transmission electron microscope (FEI) operating at 200 kV. The cryo-samples were prepared as follows: A special copper grid coated with carbon was processed through a Gatan SOLARUSTM plasma cleaning system to remove hydrocarbon contamination on the sample holder. Doxoves liposomal doxorubicin HCl was diluted 5-fold in 5% glucose buffer and then dropped onto the copper grid in the FEI Vitrobot sample plunger. The sample preparation was completed in the plunger. For each nanoparticle sample, 150 individual nanoparticles in the TEM micrographs were examined to determine the particle size distribution histogram and the median diameter. DLS measurements of nanoparticle samples were performed using a Zetasizer Nano-ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, Ltd.). A standard disposable cuvette was used to hold 100 μL of the nanoparticle suspension to be analyzed. Multiple measurements of each sample were averaged to improve accuracy. The mean and distribution were obtained in accordance with analysis by particle number.
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2

Morphological Characterization of Samples

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Morphologies of samples were characterized in a SEM system (JEOL JCM-5700, Tokyo, Japan), and by using an optical microscope (MA 2002, Chongqing Optical & Electrical Instrument Co.). High (atomic)-resolution transmission electron microscopy images were obtained using the transmission electron microscope (JEOL JEM-2100HR, Japan) operating at an acceleration voltage of 200 kV. AFM image and height profile was obtained with the AFM (Cypher, Asylum Research, USA) in a.c. mode.
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3

Particle Size and Morphology of SKM-1 and Mi-HAP

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To investigate the primary particle size and morphology of SKM-1 and Mi-HAP, each was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM: JEM-2100HR, JEOL Ltd., Japan). Samples of each powder were mounted onto a collodion-coated copper grid, after which each sample was observed by TEM at an acceleration voltage of 200 kV and magnification of 200,000 times. The average primary particle size of SKM-1 and Mi-HAP was calculated using 606 particles in 62 fields for the former and 777 particles in 54 fields for the latter, respectively.
SKM-1 and Mi HAP samples were suspended at 50,000 ppm in the maintenance medium (Episkin, France), and the particle size distribution of each sample was measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (LA-950, HORIBA Ltd, Japan).
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4

Characterization of Bioconjugated Lanthanide Nanoparticles

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The size and morphology of as-prepared nanoparticles were obtained using a transmission electron microscope JEM-2100HR, JEOL (200 kV). The bioconjugated lanthanide-doped nanoprobes were diluted and dispersed in ultrapure water, whereas other samples were diluted and dispersed in cyclohexane, then dropped onto the surface of copper grids for the test of TEM.
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5

Structural Analysis of CdS Quantum Dots

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The morphology and structure of the CdS QDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. TEM images, selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns, and EDS data of the CdS QDs were obtained, respectively, using TEM (JEM-2100HR, JEOL, Japan) equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) operating an accelerating voltage of 200 kV.
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Characterization of DLCL Nanoparticles

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The particle size and zeta potential of the prepared DLCL solution were measured by a laser particle size analyzer (Zetasizer Nano90, Malven Instruments Limited, Worcestershire, UK) at room temperature, 230 V and 50 HZ. The prepared DLCL solution was diluted 10 times with pure water and then taken up from the edge of the copper mesh with tweezers. After drying at room temperature and counter-staining by phosphotungstic acid aqueous solution (2%, w/v), the morphology of the completely dried DLCL was observed using a field emission transmission electron microscope (JEM-2100 (HR), JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at acceleration 200 kV and transmitter LaB6.
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7

Characterization of BT, IS and BTIS

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The crystalline structures of BT, IS and BTIS were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using an X'Celerator detector (XRD, X'Pert Pro, PANalytical, Los Altos, CA) with a slow scanning speed of 1° min−1 and Cu Kα radiation (k = 1.5406 Å) in the 2θ range of 5–80°. A Carl Zeiss 55 instrument (Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Germany) was used to probe the morphology of IS, BT and BTIS. The detailed microstructures of BTIS was observed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, JEM-2100HR, JEOL, Japan). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were performed to investigate the binding states of indium (In), sulfur (S), barium (Ba), titanium (Ti), and oxygen (O) atoms in above-said three samples using an Thermo Scientific K-Alpha XPS system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, America). UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrum (UV-vis-DRS) measurements of BT, IS and BTIS were performed by a Shimadzu 2550 PC spectrophotometer, using BaSO4 as a reference sample. A photoluminescence (PL) spectra of BT, IS and BTIS recorded on a Hitachi F-4500 fluorescence spectrophotometer (Hitachi, Japan) were employed to qualitatively characterize the recombination rates of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) measurement was performed by SPECTRO ARCOS.
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8

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles

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ZnO NP samples were produced using the forced hydrolysis method as previously reported.35 Briefly, zinc acetate was added to diethylene glycol (DEG) and the solution brought to 80° C. Nanopure water was added and the solution was heated to 150° C and held for 90 minutes. Upon cooling to room temperature, the NPs were collected by centrifuging at 41,410 × g, subsequently washed with ethanol and the pellet dried overnight at 60° C. ZnO NPs where characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD spectra were collected using a Rigaku Miniflex 600 X-ray diffractometer and the crystal phase, lattice parameters and average crystalline size determined using Rigaku PDXL software version 1.8.0.3. NP size distributions were obtained using randomly selected particles in images obtained from a JEOL JEM-2100 HR analytical transmission electron microscope. DLS and zeta potential measurements were performed in nanopure water at a concentration of 1 mg/mL using a Malvern Zetasizer NanoZS.
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9

Characterization of DE/ZnO Composite

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The surface morphology and elemental composition of the pre-prepared DE/ZnO composite were determined using a combination of a transmission electron microscope (TEM, JEM-2100 HR, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, 508010, Hitachi, Japan), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping. X-ray diffraction (XRD, JP/Max-3C, Rigaku, Japan) was used to examine the crystalline structures of the prepared DE/ZnO composite. To establish the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore size distribution, a QUADRASORB SI was used to archive the nitrogen sorption isotherm. The tensile strength (TS) and elongation at the break of the samples were evaluated using a universal testing machine (QMESYS, QT100T, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). Five samples were evaluated in accordance with the ASTM 0882–02 standard test procedure, and the average values were determined.
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10

Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles

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All the absorption spectrums were recorded by Thermo Fisher 1510-03690 (Vantaa, Finland). The size of gold seeds was measured through transmission electron microscopy (JEM-2100HR, JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), and the average hydrodynamic diameter and monodispersity of the gold seeds were characterized by (Malvern Instruments Ltd. U.K, Malvern, UK).
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