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6 protocols using anti tnf α mab11

1

Multimodal Immune Modulation Assay

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The novel polyclonal Ig preparation, trimodulin (∼23% IgM, ∼21% IgA and
∼56% IgG), was kindly provided by Biotest AG (Dreieich, Germany).
Purified Escherichia coli LPS 0111:B4,
Staphylococcus aureus-derived lipoteichoic acid
(LTA), ConA and recombinant IL-2 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St.
Louis, MO).
Fluorescently labelled Abs for flow cytometry were purchased from the
following manufacturers: anti-human leukocyte Ag–DR isotype (HLA-DR
G46-6-PE) and anti-TNF-α (mAB11) from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA);
anti-TLR2 (CD282-PE) and anti-TLR4 (HTA125-PE) from eBioscience (San
Diego, CA); anti-cluster of differentiation 16 (CD16; 3G8-PE),
anti-CD64 (22-PC5), anti-CD11b (Bear1-PC5), anti-CD11c (BU15-PC5),
anti-CD3 (UCHT1-PC7), anti-CD4 (13B8.2-PC5) and anti-CD8
(SFCI21Thy2D3-ECD) from Beckman Coulter (Fullerton, CA); and anti-CD14
(My4; FITC, PC5 or PC7 conjugated) from Beckman Coulter (Indianapolis,
IN).
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2

Mycobacterial Antigen Preparation and Immune Cell Assays

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Mammalian cell culture experiments were completed and Mycobacterium bovis BCG stocks prepared as reported previously (35 (link), 39 (link)). Whole-cell lysates of M. tuberculosis (MtbWL) (NR-14822) were obtained from BEI Resources. Soluble 4-hydroxy-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMBPP; Echelon Bioscience, Salt Lake City, UT) was used for stimulation of γ9δ2 T cells as a control in inhibition assays. Interleukin 2 (IL-2; Hoffmann-LaRoche Inc., Basel, Switzerland) was used to expand γ9δ2 T cells. Anti-CD3 peridinin chlorophyll protein (PerCP; clone SK7), anti-αβ TCR fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC; clone B3), anti-γδ TCR phycoerythrin (PE; clone 11F2), anti-CD4 PE-cy7 (clone RPA-T4), anti-CD8 V500 (clone RPA-T8), anti-Ki-67 (clone 35/Ki-67), anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-α; MAb11), anti-IFN-γ (B27), and anti-granzyme A (anti-GzmA; CB9) were all from BD Biosciences. Guava ViaCount Flex reagent (Millipore; 4700-0060) was used for accurate counting and discrimination of viable and nonviable cells from antigen-expanded cells. All chemicals for biochemical separations were obtained from Acros Organics (silica gel 60) and Sigma-Aldrich (chloroform and methanol). Alkaline phosphatase (AP) was obtained from Fisher Scientific (BP 80975).
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3

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping

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Surface stain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) include: anti-CD4 [L200], anti-CD49d α4 integrin [9F10] and anti-CD95 [DX2] (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA); anti-CD14 [TUK4], anti-CD20 [HI47] and LIVE/DEAD Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain Kit (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY); anti-CD28 [CD28.2] (Beckman Coulter, Pasadena, CA); anti-CD8 [2ST8.5H7] (Custom, mAb from Serotec, conjugation kit from Invitrogen).Intracellular stain mAbs include: anti-CD3 [SP34-2] and anti-TNF-α [MAb11] (BD Biosciences); anti-IFN-γ [4S.B3] and anti-IL-2 [MQ1-17H12] (Biolegend, San Diego CA).
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4

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Immunophenotyping

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Surface stain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) include: anti-CD4 [L200], anti-CD49d α4 integrin [9F10] and anti-CD95 [DX2] (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA); anti-CD14 [TUK4], anti-CD20 [HI47] and LIVE/DEAD Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain Kit (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY); anti-CD28 [CD28.2] (Beckman Coulter, Pasadena, CA); anti-CD8 [2ST8.5H7] (Custom, mAb from Serotec, conjugation kit from Invitrogen).Intracellular stain mAbs include: anti-CD3 [SP34-2] and anti-TNF-α [MAb11] (BD Biosciences); anti-IFN-γ [4S.B3] and anti-IL-2 [MQ1-17H12] (Biolegend, San Diego CA).
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5

In Vitro SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Assay

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PBMCs were stimulated with peptide pools and expanded in vitro for 10 days as described before (23 (link)). Expanded T cell lines were stimulated for 5 hours at 37°C with or without SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools (2 μg/mL). After 1 hour, 10 μg/mL brefeldin A (MilliporeSigma) and 1× monensin (BioLegend) were added. Cells were stained with the yellow LIVE/DEAD fixable dead cell staining kit (Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and the surface markers anti-CD3 (SK7 or OKT3; BioLegend), anti-CD4 (SK3, BD Biosciences), and anti-CD8 (SK1, BD Biosciences). Cells were subsequently fixed and permeabilized using the Cytofix/Cytoperm kit (BD Biosciences) and stained with anti–IFN-γ (25723; R&D Systems) and anti–TNF-α (MAb11, BD Biosciences) antibodies and analyzed on a CytoFLEX (Beckman Coulter). Data were analyzed by FlowJo (BD Biosciences).
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6

Inflammasome Activation and Cytokine Profiling

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Uric acid, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (O111:B4), and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor (CP-456773) were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO). Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA Assay Kit was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). RPMI-1640, penicillin-streptomycin, and fetal bovine serum were obtained from WelGene (Daejeon, South Korea). For multi-color flow cytometry, the following antibodies were used: Fixable Viability Dye eFluor® 506, anti-CD3 (UCHT-1), anti-CD19 (HIB19), anti-CD56 (B159), and anti-IL-1RA (CRM17) (All from eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA); anti-CD14 (MφP9), anti-IL-1β (AS10), and anti-TNF-α (Mab11) (All from BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA); anti-IL-10 (JES3-9D7) and anti-IL-8 (6217) (Both from Biolegend, San Diego, CA); anti-TGF–β1 (27232) (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN). For immunofluorescence, SYTOX Green and anti-MPO (4A4) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Anti-NE (NP57) and anti-citrullinated histone H3 (rabbit polyclonal) were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Dallas, Texas) and Abcam (Cambridge, MA), respectively.
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