Participants sat reclined on a plinth with knees extended and back rest at approximately 30° from vertical. US was recorded in video format with a transducer (M7C, GE Healthcare, Australia) placed in the mid-sagittal plane on the perineum. A foot switch triggered each US recording and was used to synchronise US with IAP and EMG. A naso-gastric pressure transducer (CTG-2, Gaeltec Ltd, UK) recorded IAP. PR and BC EMG was recorded with intramuscular electrodes fabricated from pairs of fine-wires (Teflon coated, stainless steel wire, diameter– 75μm). With US guidance, an experienced colorectal surgeon inserted the electrodes through the perineum into PR in a cranial direction just left of the anus, and into BC in a ventral direction at the base of the penis. SUS EMG was recorded using a transurethral surface electrode[17 (link)] which was self-inserted by the participant after detailed instruction. One participant requested assistance with catheterisation from a supervising urologist. Pelvic floor muscle EMG was amplified 2000x (NL844, Digitimer Ltd, UK), bandpass filtered between 10–2000 Hz (NL125, Digitimer Ltd, UK) and recorded at 10 KHz with a Power1401 analogue to digital converter and Spike2 software (Cambridge Electronic Design, UK).
Nl125
Manufactured by Digitimer
Sourced in United Kingdom
The NL125 is a device that generates and delivers electrical stimuli. It is a versatile tool used in various research and clinical applications that require the controlled application of electrical stimulation.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Nl106, by Digitimer (2 mentions)
Spike2, by Cambridge Electronic Design (1 mentions)
Nl844, by Digitimer (1 mentions)
Nl104, by Digitimer (1 mentions)
Matlab script, by MathWorks (1 mentions)
Power 1401, by Cambridge Electronic Design (1 mentions)
Axoclamp 2b amplifier, by Molecular Devices (1 mentions)
Hum bug 50 60 hz, by Digitimer (1 mentions)
Neurolog system, by Digitimer (1 mentions)
Nl102g, by Digitimer (1 mentions)
Labview, by National Instruments (1 mentions)
Mp150, by Biopac (1 mentions)
Nl144, by Digitimer (1 mentions)
Acqknowledge 4, by Biopac (1 mentions)
7 protocols using nl125
1
Multimodal Pelvic Floor Assessment
2
Neuronal Signal Recording Protocol
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The signal from the microelectrode was fed into a pre-amplifier (NL104) + filter module (NL125), via a NL100 headstage, all from Digitimer Ltd. To eliminate remaining 50 Hz noise, the signal was passed through a humbug (Digitimer Ltd), before entering a Power 1401 analog/digital converter interface (Cambridge Electronics Design), which sampled the signal at 30 kHz and passed it on, via a USB interface, to a PC running Spike2 v7 software (Figure 1G ). Online analysis and offline spike sorting was performed using Spike2, version 7 (Cambridge Electronics Design), and subsequent data analysis was done using custom made Matlab scripts (MathWorks).
3
Surface EMG Analysis of Muscle Activation
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The surface electromyography (EMG) signals were recorded using 7-mm diameter circular Ag–AgCl electrodes (Ambu Blue Sensor, Medicotest, Denmark). Electrode pairs were positioned over the bellies of the MG and in a belly tendon configuration over the SOL for measuring muscle activation during the MVICs and SOL M-waves associated with the electric stimulation. Two ground electrodes were positioned on the skin covering the head of the fibula and the medial femoral condyle. Low impedance at the skin-electrode interface was obtained by shaving and cleaning with alcohol. The EMG signals were amplified 1000 (MG) or 200 (SOL) times (NL 824, Digitimer, UK), band pass filtered (30 Hz–1 kHz) (NL 125, Digitimer, UK) and converted to digital data at a sample rate of 5 kHz, using a 16 bit Power 1401 and Spike2 data collection system (version 7.0, Cambridge Electronic Design (CED), UK).The root mean square (RMS) was obtained from the SOL (SOLRMS ) and MG (MGRMS ) electromyographic signals between 10% of the rising and 90% of the declining peak MVIC signal in both positions.
4
Corneal Nerve Terminal Impulse Recording
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The corneas were excised around the limbus and then pinned to the bottom of a recording chamber continuously superfused with a physiological solution maintained at 34°C with a homemade Peltier device. To record the nerve terminal impulse (NTI) activity, a 50-μm-diameter glass micropipette filled with the physiological saline solution was applied gently to the corneal surface using a micromanipulator and then attached to the cornea by slight suction with a syringe. The electrical signals with respect to an Ag/AgCl pellet placed in the chamber were passed through a 50 Hz noise eliminator, amplified (AC preamplifier NL 103; Digitimer, Welwyn, United Kingdom), filtered (high pass 150 Hz, low pass 5 kHz; filter module NL 125; Digitimer), and then transferred to a PC with a Cambridge Electronic Design (CED) micro-1401 acquisition system and dedicated software, to be stored until the offline analysis.
5
Extracellular Recording in Brain Slices
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After sectioning, slices were placed in a Haas-type interface recording chamber and allowed to equilibrate for an hour at the interface between aCSF and moist 95%O2–5%CO2 (300 cm3/min). Slices were constantly perfused with aCSF at a flow rate of ∼2 ml/min; the temperature was maintained at 32°C. Slices were visualised with a stereo-microscope (Leica MZ8, Micro Instruments, Long Hanborough, Oxon, UK) mounted above the interface chamber. Extracellular microelectrodes were pulled from thick-walled borosilicate glass capillaries (1.2 mm O.D.×0.69 mm I.D.; Harvard apparatus, Edenbridge, Kent, UK) using a P-97 puller (Sutter Instrument Co, Novato, CA). Electrodes were filled with aCSF and had a typical resistance of 2–4 MΩ. Extracellular potentials were recorded using an Axoclamp 2B amplifier (Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA), low pass Bessel filtered at 1 kHz (NL-125, Digitimer Ltd, Welwyn Garden City, UK) and digitized at 10 kHz by a Power 1401 (CED Ltd, Cambridge, UK). Additionally, a Humbug 50/60 Hz (Digitimer) was used to remove noise locked to the electrical mains supply. Stimulation and data acquisition were controlled using Spike 2 software (v6.12; CED). Data were stored for subsequent off-line analysis using Spike 2.
6
Extracellular Recordings of Cortical Slow Waves
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LFP filtered in DC mode (< 1 Hz) was acquired via a glass capillary microelectrode (1–3 MΩ) filled with 150 mM NaCl and 1 mM HEPES. The microelectrode was inserted into the 3rd cortical layer, and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode was positioned in the recording chamber. The glass capillary microelectrode was connected to a custom-made dual-channel electrometer (including AD549LH, Analog Devices, Norwood, MA, USA), and the signal was fed to dedicated differential amplifiers and associated filter modules (NL106 and NL125, NeuroLog System, Digitimer Ltd., United Kingdom). The recorded analogue signal was converted to digital signal and displayed live using an Acqknowledge environment (MP 150, Biopac Systems, Inc) at a sampling frequency of 1 kHz [30 (link)]. DC potential traces confirmed the occurrence of SD events. Further, the DC potential recordings were used off-line to determine the amplitude, duration at half amplitude and the slope of depolarization and repolarization of SDs.
7
Electrophysiological and Laser Doppler Acquisition
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Direct current (DC) potential was recorded via a high input impedance pre-amplifier (NL102G or NL100AK, NeuroLog System, Digitimer Ltd, United Kingdom), connected to a differential amplifier (NL106 or NL107, NeuroLog System, Digitimer Ltd, United Kingdom) with associated filter and conditioner systems (NL125, NL144 or NL530, NeuroLog System, Digitimer Ltd, United Kingdom). Potential line frequency noise (50 Hz) was removed by a high quality noise eliminator (HumBug, Quest Scientific Instruments Inc., Canada) without any signal attenuation. The resulting signal was digitalized either by an analog/digital (A/D) converter (MP150, Biopac Systems Inc., USA) and continuously acquired at a sampling frequency of 1 kHz or 500 Hz using the software AcqKnowledge 4.2.0 (Biopac Systems Inc., USA), or another dedicated A/D converter card (NI USB-6008/6009, National Instruments, Austin, Texas, USA) controlled through a custom-made software, written in Labview (National Instruments, Austin, Texas, USA). The laser Doppler signal was digitized and acquired, together with the DC potential, essentially as described above.
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