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Alexa fluor 488 anti rabbit secondary antibody

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States

The Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody is a fluorescently-labeled antibody that binds to rabbit primary antibodies. It is designed for use in various immunoassay techniques, such as immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and Western blotting, to detect and visualize target proteins or other biomolecules labeled with rabbit primary antibodies.

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41 protocols using alexa fluor 488 anti rabbit secondary antibody

1

Double Labeling of BDA and TIP39

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Brain sections of animals injected with BDA were processed for BDA-TIP39 double labeling. First, BDA visualization was performed as described above, but using Alexa Fluor 594-tyramide amplification instead of DAB reaction. Subsequently, TIP39 was visualized by incubating the sections in anti-TIP39 primary antiserum for 48 h, as described above, followed by incubation in Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 1:500 for 2 h. Finally, sections were mounted and coverslipped, as described above for fluorescent labeling.
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2

Visualizing Gr8a Expression in Drosophila

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To visualize the expression pattern of Gr8a in males and females, Gr8a-GAL4 flies22 (link) were crossed to UAS-CD8::EGFP and live-imaged at 5 days old using a Nikon-A1 confocal microscope. To demonstrate Gr8a expression in oenocytes, abdomens from Gr8a-GAL4/UAS-myr::GFP; PromE(800)>Luciferase flies were dissected and immunostained as previously described31 (link),88 (link) by using a Rabbit anti-GFP (1:1000; A-11122, Thermo Fisher Scientific) and a mouse anti-luciferase (1:100; 35-6700, Thermo Fisher Scientific) antibodies followed by Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit and Alexa Fluor 568 anti-mouse secondary antibodies (Both at 1:1000; Thermo Fisher Scientific). To visualize the GR8A protein, abdomens of control flies and flies with CRISPR/Cas9 generated GFP-tagged GR8A were dissected and immunostained as previously described31 (link),88 (link) using a Rabbit anti-GFP antibody (1:1000; A-11122, Thermo Fisher Scientific) followed by Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (1:1000; Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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3

NF-kB Translocation Assay in hCMEC/D3 Cells

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hCMEC/D3 cells were cultured at a density of 1.5 × 104 cells/well in a 96-well black culture plate and pretreated with nitro capsaicin for 1 h. The cells were then treated with 1 ng/mL TNF-α for 30 min. Next, the cells were fixed with cold methanol for 10 min at −20 °C before washing with DPBS (Hyclone Laboratories Inc., Logan, UT, USA) for 5 min each 3 times. After that the cells were blocked with 1% (v/v) BSA (MilliporeSigma, Burlington, MA, USA), 22.52 mg/mL Glycine (MilliporeSigma, Burlington, MA, USA), and 0.1% (v/v) Tween-20 (MilliporeSigma, Burlington, MA, USA) in DPBS for 45 min at room temperature. Next, the anti-NF-ĸB p65 primary antibody (1:500, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA) was incubated at 4 °C overnight. After that, the cells were washed for 5 min 3 times before incubation with Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) at 1:500 and DAPI (Life technologies corporation, Singa-pore) at 1:500 for 1 h at room temperature in the dark condition. Finally, the cells were washed again before being imaged by high-content imaging system (Operetta, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA). The NF-ĸB translocation that represents the inflammatory cells was calculated and analyzed using Harmony software (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA).
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4

Fibroblast CTNNB1 Immunofluorescence Assay

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Five thousand healthy fibroblasts were seeded in a black 96-well plate along with the different treatments. After 24 h, cells were fixed using 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized using saponin, and then stained with rabbit anti-human CTNNB1 antibody (Abcam, United Kingdom) overnight at 4°C. On the next day, cells were incubated with Alexa-Fluor 488-anti rabbit secondary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, United States) and visualized using IX53 inverted immunofluorescent microscope (Olympus, Japan).
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5

Alginate Oligosaccharide Modulators of Nrf2 Pathway

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Alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs) (91.4%, ≤4000 Molecular Weight Da) were purchased from Qingdao BZ Oligo Biotech Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China, Batch N° 2022032801AYF). Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 (#HY-100523) was purchased from MedChemExpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA). Hydrogen peroxide was purchased from Merck Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany #107210). ML385 is soluble in DMSO, and Hydrogen peroxide and AOS are soluble in aqueous solutions, such as water and culture media. MTS assay and Improm IITM kit were purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Antibodies, anti-Nrf2 (#D1Z9C), antiHO-1 (#E3F4S), and anti-KEAP1 (#D6B12) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technologies (Danvers, MA, USA). The antibodies anti-β-Actin (MA5-15739), anti p62/SQSTM1 (#PA5-20839), and anti-Nrf2 (#PA527882), as well as Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (#A11008), were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Eugene, OR, USA) The TRIZOL reagent (#15596018), DNase 1U (Turbo DNA-freeTM kit) (#AM1907), DCFH-DA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (#D6883), and PierceTM BCA Protein Assay kit (#23227) were acquired from Thermo Fisher Scientific.
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6

Fluorescent Imaging of Cytoskeleton and Nuclei

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Cells were seeded for 72 h on a chamber slide (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and conjugated with OBP-301, PTX, or both for 24 h. After each treatment, cells were fixed for 15 min in 4% formaldehyde at room temperature. Protein blocking was done with 5% bovine serum albumin-PBS for 10 min at room temperature followed by incubation with β-tubulin antibody (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA) for 24 h at 4°C. Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific) was then applied for 60 min at room temperature. Nuclear morphology was counterstained by using VECTASHIELD Hardset Antifade Mounting Medium with DAPI (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA). The morphological changes of the nuclei and cytoskeleton were examined under a LSM780 confocal laser scanning microscope (Zeiss). Images were processed with Imaris 7.6 (Bitplane, Belfast, UK).
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7

Chk1 Inhibition Assay in 96-Well Plates

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10 000 cells were plated per well of a CellCarrier Ultra 96WP (6055300, Perkin Elmer) and allowed to adhere overnight. Compounds were serially diluted in DMSO to 200-times the final assay concentration then diluted 1:200 in media (without FCS). The cell media was removed and replaced with 25 μL of compound in media and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 10 minutes. The plate was sealed with an aluminum plate seal and heated by floating in a pre-heated water bath (Grant Instruments W14) for 3 minutes. 75 μL of room temperature media (without FCS or compound) was added and the plate incubated at room temperature for 5 minutes. Cells were fixed by the addition of 100 μL paraformaldehyde (7.4% in PBS) at room temperature for 15 minutes. Cells were washed 3 times with PBS and Chk1 detected with anti-Chk1 rabbit EP691Y monoclonal antibody (Ab40866, Abcam) and an AlexaFluor488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (A-11034, Thermo Fisher Scientific). Plates were imaged on an Operetta high content imager using a 20x objective and analyzed using Harmony software.
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8

Quantifying Telomere Dysfunction in Cells

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The rate of dysfunctional telomeres was evaluated by the Telomere Dysfunction-induced Foci (TIF) analysis, which measures the co-localization of telomere signals (FISH) and DNA damage foci (IF). Cellular suspensions were obtained from dechorionated and deyolked treated and mock-treated embryos by incubation with 0.25% Trypsin–EDTA for 12 min at 28 °C; these cells were cytospun onto glass slides. Telomeres were stained with the Telomere PNA FISH Kit/Cy3 (DAKO, Glostrup, Denmark) and DNA damage foci were highlighted by anti-γH2AX antibody (GeneTex, Alton Pkwy Irvine, CA, USA) followed by Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, UK), as previously detailed [15 (link)]. Slides were mounted with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)/antifade solution and analyzed with fluorescence microscope, as previously described [15 (link)].
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9

Embryonic Development and Ant Tissue Imaging

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Embryos were harvested every 4 hours from 12 hours after egg deposition (AED) to 40 hours AED. After harvesting, the embryos were boiled for 45 sec, quenched quickly on ice, and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) supplemented with DMSO and heptane (Khila and Abouheif, 2009 ), followed by protocols for Drosophila embryo cryosectioning in the lab (30µm thick sections).
Ant brain tissues were dissected and fixed in 4% PFA and washed three times using 1× PBS with 0.3% Triton X-100. The tissues were incubated with DAPI (2 µg/µl) and Alexa Fluor® 488 Phalloidin (1/80, ThermoFisher Scientific) at room temperature for 2 hours, and then mounted and scanned using Confocal Leica TCS SP5 microscope at NYU. Images of AL glomeruli were generated using Z project in Fiji (or ImageJ). Ant ovary tissues were stained with anti-Vasa antibody (1:1000 dilution, gifted by R. Lehmann’s lab) at 4°C for ov ernight, and incubated with DAPI (2 µg/µl) and Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-Rabbit secondary antibody (1:200 dilution, ThermoFisher Scientific) at room temperature for 2 hours.
The female ant antennae were dissected and fixed with 4% PFA. Different flagella (Ghaninia et al., 2017 (link)) were cryosectioned (50µm thick sections). The sections were stained with DAPI and Alexa Fluor® 488 Phalloidin, and imaged using 63× objective of the Confocal Leica TCS SP5 microscope at NYU.
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10

Isolation and Characterization of Primary Schwann Cells

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Primary SC cultures were isolated from postnatal (day 1) rat pups and maintained as described previously (Campana, Li, Dragojlovic, et al., 2006 (link)). SCs were cultured in complete medium consisting of Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Gibco, 11885), supplemented with 10% heat inactivated FBS (Gibco, 10–082-147), 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 21 μg/ml bovine pituitary extract (Sigma, P1476) and 4 μM forskolin (Cell Signaling, 3828S) at 37°C in humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2. To confirm purity of the primary cultures, isolated SCs were immunostained with anti-S100 β (Abcam, ab52642) overnight at 4°C followed by Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Thermofisher, A-11034). After adding mounting media with DAPI (Abcam, ab104139), slides were imaged on an Olympus CKX41 microscope using the Infinity Analyze and Capture Software. Controls without primary antibody revealed no non-specific staining. SCs used for all studies were passaged no more than six times.
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