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Anti na k atpase

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The Anti-Na/K ATPase is a laboratory equipment used to measure the activity of the sodium-potassium ATPase enzyme. The sodium-potassium ATPase is an essential membrane protein responsible for maintaining the electrochemical gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane. The Anti-Na/K ATPase device allows researchers to quantify the functional activity of this enzyme, which is crucial for various physiological processes.

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13 protocols using anti na k atpase

1

Immunostaining of Aquaporin Proteins

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The following primary antibodies were applied for immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, or immunoblotting: anti-AQP1 (Alpha diagnostic international, San Antonio, Texas, USA), anti-AQP2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany), anti-phospho-aquaporin 2 (pS256)55 , anti-β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA), anti-Cav1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany), anti-NKCC1 (T4; Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, University of Iowa, USA), anti-vasopressin V2 receptor56 (link), anti-eNOS (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), anti-Na+/K+-ATPase (Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany), anti-NCC, anti-NKCC2, anti-phospho-NKCC2 (pT96/pT101), and anti-phospho-NCC (pS71)57 (link).
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2

Immunohistochemistry of Brain Sections

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Preparation brain sections was as previously described [[30] , [31] ]. Primary antibodies were diluted in 1 % bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution, applied overnight at 4 °C, and washed three times with PBST (PBS solution containing 0.2 % Tween-20). Then, the sections were incubated with secondary antibodies for 3 h at room temperature. After washing three times with PBST, the nuclei were stained utilizing 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) for 15 min. We used a laser scanning confocal microscope to acquire images. The primary antibodies used were as follows: anti-FSP1 (39498, SAB) and anti-Na+/K+-ATPase (05–369, Millipore).
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3

Corneal Cell Marker Localization

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Part of the corneas was frozen and embedded in OCT compound. Part of the corneas were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin. Sections were cut at 5 µm slices, and subjected to immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and HE staining according to standard methods. For immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, the primary antibody was anti-Na+/K+ ATPase (1:100, Millipore), anti-Pitx2 (1:100, Novus) and anti-Col8a2 (1:50, Novus).
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4

Evaluating Ferroptosis Regulators by Western Blotting

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Western blotting was performed as previously described. The following primary antibodies were used: anti-β-actin (A5441, Sigma Aldrich), anti-GAPDH (ab37168, Abcam), anti-glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) (ab125066, Abcam), anti-ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) (39498, SAB), anti-Na+/K+-ATPase (05–369, Millipore), and anti-NMT2 (ABclonal, A7042).
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5

Characterizing Corneal Endothelial Cells

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Cell morphology was evaluated by using an inverted light microscope (Olympus IX-71, Tokoyo, Japan). The CECs were further characterized for function-related markers, including Na+/K+-ATPase (a pump function associated protein [12] ), and zona occludens-1 (ZO-1, a tight junction associated protein [13] ). Changes of the EnMT were also evaluated by investigating CD73 (a marker to determine the fibroblastic phenotype of CEC [14] ), and fibronectin [15, 16] and vimentin [17, 18] (two mesenchymal markers). Briefly, the cultured cells were first fixed with cold methanol for 20 min. After blocking with Protein Block Serum-Free solution (DAKO, Carpinteria, CA, USA), the cultured cells were incubated overnight with the following primary antibodies: anti-Na+/K+-ATPase (1:300 dilution, Millipore), anti-ZO-1 (1:150 dilution, Invitrogen), anti-CD73 (1:300 dilution; BD Pharmingen Stain Buffer), anti-fibronectin (1:200 dilution, Sigma-Aldrich), and anti-vimentin (1:100 dilution; Santa Cruz). Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated antibodies (1:200 dilution, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) were used as the secondary antibodies.
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6

Zebrafish Kidney Injury Immunostaining

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Zebrafish were selected 3–6 hours after kidney injury. Then, they were fixed in Dent’s solution (20% DMSO, 80% Methanol) for 24 h at 4°C. They were rehydrated in 75∶25 MeOH/PBSDT, 50∶50, 25∶75 and 0∶100, followed by overnight blocking at 4°C in 10% Goat serum (Sigma) in PBSDT: 1%DMSO, 0.05% Tween20 in 1xPBS. We used the following primary antibodies: anti BrdU (Sigma), anti-GFP (Sigma), anti-Acetilated Tubulin (Sigma), anti-Crumbs (from Dr. Jarema Malicki [34] ), anti-Na/K ATPase (DSHB), anti-Vimentin (Sigma). Anti-mouse and anti-rabbit secondary antibodies were used (Alexa 488 or Alexa 546 labeled, Molecular Probes). All antibody incubations were performed in 2% Goat serum/PBSDT at 4°C overnight. All washes were done at room temperature in 2% Goat serum/PBSDT. Imaging of antibody labeling was performed using Zeiss LSM5 or Nikon C2 confocal microscope.
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7

Kidney Immunostaining and Imaging Protocol

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Kidney sections and fixed cells were immunostained as described previously [10 (link)]. For immunochemical staining, sections were stained with anti-AQP2 (Cat. No. AQP-002; Alomone Laboratories) antibody. Hematoxylin was used for counter-staining. For immunofluorescence, the following antibodies were used: anti–acetylated (ac)-α-tubulin (Cat. No. T7451; Sigma-Aldrich), anti–Na/K-ATPase (Cat. No. ab76020; Abcam), anti-AQP1 (Cat. No. AQP-001; Alomone Laboratories), and anti-AQP2 (Cat. No. AQP-002). To detect cell nuclei, DAPI was applied to samples. Images were captured using a Leica microscope (DM2500; Wetzlar).
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8

Western Blotting Optimization Protocol

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Unless otherwise stated whole cell extracts were prepared by lysing cells directly in SDS sample buffer. SDS-PAGE was performed on 12.5% acrylamide gels. For Western blotting 0.2 μm nitrocellulose membranes were used. For blocking, the membranes were incubated in 5% fat-free milk powder and 0.1% Tween-20 in PBS. Antibodies and their sources were: anti-ubiquitin (Z0458, DAKO), anti-Rpt6 (p45-110, Enzo Biosciences), anti-20S proteasome α-subunits (MCP231, Enzo Biosciences), anti-FLCN (D14G9, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-GFP (3H9, Chromotek), anti-myc (9E1, Chromotek) anti-HA (12CA5, Roche), anti-Flag (M2, Sigma), anti-RGSHis (34650, Qiagen), anti-β-actin (AC74, Sigma), anti-NaK-ATPase (C464.6, Sigma), anti-LC3A/B (D3U4C, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-GAPDH (14C10, Cell Signaling Technology), anti-α tubulin (TAT-1, 00020911 Sigma). All secondary antibodies were purchased from DAKO. The Un-Scan-It v6.1 software (Silk Scientific) was used for densitometry.
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9

Preparation and Detection of Soluble Membrane Fractions

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Whole cell lysates were prepared from each cancer cell line using the lysis buffer or the Tris/Sucrose/EDTA buffer. The soluble membrane fractions were prepared from the whole cell lysates. Briefly, after centrifugation at 1,000 × g for 10 min, the supernatant was ultracentrifuged at 100,000 × g for 45 min. Then, the soluble membrane fractions were collected by dissolving the precipitates with the Tris/Sucrose/EDTA buffer supplemented with 0.8% (v/v) Nonidet P-40, 0.4% deoxycholic acid, and 0.08% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), followed by a second ultracentrifugation under the same conditions. Using the same procedure, the soluble membrane fraction of human liver tissue was prepared.
The proteins were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and then transferred onto a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane. The membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk for one hour at room temperature. Affinity purified rabbit polyclonal anti-OATP1B3 antibodies, which recognize the C-terminal region of Lt-OATP1B3, were used as the primary antibodies (1,000-fold dilution, HPA004943, Sigma, St. Louis, MO). Anti-Na+/K+ ATPase (1,000-fold dilution, Sigma) and anti-β-actin (500-fold dilution, Sigma) were also used. Immunocomplexes were detected with ECL Western blotting detection reagents (GE Healthcare, Giles, UK).
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10

Immunoblotting for Proximal Tubule Markers

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Cells were collected in RIPA buffer (25 mM Tris HCl pH 7.6, 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS). 30 µg of protein for each sample was loaded on a 10% SDSpolyacrylamide gel, transferred to a PVDF membrane and probed with the following antibodies: a homemade anti-TRPV4 antibody described earlier (Gevaert et al., 2007) , an anti-aquaporin 1 antibody (Sigma) as positive marker of proximal tubule, an anti-Aquaporin 2 antibody (Sigma) as negative marker of PT (Janas et al., 2016) , an anti-megalin antibody (homemade) as apical side marker of PT, an anti-Na + /K + -ATPase (Sigma) as a basolateral side marker of PT and an anti-GAPDH antibody as loading control (Cell Signaling).
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