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Gel documentation system

Manufactured by Uvitec
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States

The Gel documentation system is a laboratory equipment used for the visualization and analysis of DNA, RNA, or protein samples separated by gel electrophoresis. The system captures and digitizes images of the gel, allowing for the documentation and quantification of the separated biomolecules.

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49 protocols using gel documentation system

1

Molecular Identification of Bacterial Isolates

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PCR assay was performed with the genomic DNA in 20 μl total reaction volume.
The PCR reaction mixture contained 20 pmol of each primer, 200 μmol of dNTPs, 1 U of Taq DNA polymerase (KAPA Taq DNA Polymerase, KAPA Biosystems Inc), 2 μl 10X buffer, 1.65 mM MgCl 2 and 100 ng of genomic DNA lysate. The primers and PCR conditions used in this study are given in Table 1.
The amplicons of ITS region and gyrB were resolved and analyzed on 2% agarose gel after ethidium bromide staining and documented in a gel documentation system (UVITEC, UK). The tracheal aspirate's phenotyping results were de-coded after the genotyping was completed.
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2

SDS-PAGE and Immunoblotting Protocol

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Cell lysates were prepared as described previously [47] (link). SDS PAGE and immunoblotting were performed using 4–12% polyacrylamide gels (Invitrogen) following manufacturer's instructions. The blotting membranes were from Millipore (Vimodrone, Italy). For the list of the antibodies used see Text S1. Horseradish peroxidase conjugated goat anti-rabbit or goat anti-mouse IgGs and the SuperSignal west Pico Chemiluminescent substrate (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL) were used for immunodetection. Chemiluminescent signals at 95% saturation levels were acquired by a UVITec gel documentation system (Cambridge, UK). Densitometric analysis was performed by the Alliance 4.7 software (UVItec).
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3

Placental Toxoplasma DNA Detection

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In IgM and IgG seropositive women, placental samples were collected by the medical team on the day of the babies' birth and immediately transported to Clínica Sagrada Esperança. DNA was extracted from placental fragment using the NZY Tissue gDNA Isolation kit (Nzytech, Portugal) according to the manufacturer’s instructions and kept at -20°C. Extracted DNA was analyzed by nested-PCR using primers for B1 gene locus (Table 1) [19 (link)]. Amplification of the B1 gene was performed with primers B1F1 and B1R1 in the primary PCR, and with B1F2 and B1R2 primers in the secondary reaction, generating a 213bp fragment. All reactions contained 12.5μL of DyNAzymeII PCR Master Mix (Finnzymes, Finland), 1μL of each primer (10pmol/μL), 2μL of extracted DNA and 8.5μL of sterile water, performing a final volume of 25μL. PCR was carried out on the MJ Mini™ Thermal Cycler (BioRad). After an initial denaturation of 94°C for 5min, a set of 35 cycles was run, each consisting of 30s at 94°C, 30s of annealing (54°C for the primary reaction, 60°C for the second), and 60s at 72°C, followed by a final extension step of 5min at 72°C. Toxoplasma DNA sample and nuclease free distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The PCR products were analyzed on 1.5% agarose gels stained with ethidium bromide and visualized using a gel documentation system (Uvitec, UK).
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4

Formulation and Characterization of pND1-Based Nanoparticles

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pND1 stock solution was prepared in sodium acetate buffer (0.1 mM sodium acetate/0.1 M acetic acid, pH 4.5). Peptide/pND1 complexes were formed at different N/P ratios. The calculation of the N/P ratio is defined as the molar relation of amine groups in the peptide, which represent the positive charges, to phosphate groups in the pND1, which represent the negative charges, considering the mass per charge ratio of pND1 (330 g/mol, relative to one phosphate group) [19 (link)].
Therefore, for the preparation of peptide/pND1 complexes at various N/P ratios, different concentrations of each peptide (50 µL) were added to pND1 solution at a fixed concentration of 1.4 nM. The mixture was vortexed for 30 s and left for equilibration for 25 min at room temperature. The complexes were then centrifuged at 13,000× g for 20 min at 4 °C and the pellet, containing the pND1-based nanoparticles, was recovered.
The presence of pND1 in the supernatant was evaluated by the horizontal electrophoresis technique for 30 min under 120 V in 1% agarose gel stained with GreenSafe Premium (NZYTech, Lda. Lisbon, Portugal). The gels were visualized using the Gel documentation system under UV light (UVItec Limited, Cambridge, UK).
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5

Crystal Violet Staining of Transfected NIH3T3 Cells

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Transfected NIH3T3 cells were harvested, and aliquots of 2 × 104 cells were seeded in 100 mm culture dishes in DMEM (Gibco BRL) with 5% BCS (Gibco BRL). After 3 weeks, the cells were fixed in ice-cold methanol for 10 minutes; 0.5% crystal violet solution in 25% methanol was added; the dishes were then incubated for 5 minutes at room temperature, and carefully rinsed with D.W. until no further color came off in the rinse. They were allowed to dry overnight on a benchtop and the cells were photographed with a gel documentation system (Uvitec, Cambridge, UK).
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6

ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 Amplification and Sequencing

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Genomic DNA from the clinical sample was extracted using phenol/chloroform technique19 (link) and the amplified ITS1-5.8SrDNA-ITS2 region was sent for sequence analysis. Briefly, PCR mixture, including 2.5 μL of 10× reaction buffer, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.4 mM dNTPs, 1.25 U of Taq polymerase, 30 pmol of ITS1 primer (5ʹ-TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G-3ʹ), 30 pmol of ITS4 primer (5ʹ-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3ʹ), and 3 μL of extracted DNA, was applied in a final volume of 25 μL. The PCR cycling conditions were an initial denaturation phase at 94°C for 5 min, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 30 s, annealing at 55°C for 45 s, extension at 72°C for 1 min, and a final extension phase at 72°C for 7 min. Six microliters of PCR products were loaded on 1.5% agarose gel, stained with 0.5 μg/mL ethidium bromide, visualized by gel documentation system (UVITEC, UK), and then photographed.
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7

RAPD-PCR Protocol for DNA Amplification

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DNA amplification was performed on a thermocycler (Bio-Rad, USA) in a final volume of 15 ml containing Taq DNA Polymerase Master Mix (7.5 ml), double distilled water (4.5 ml), Template DNA (2ml), primer 272 (3′-AGCGGGCCAA-5′) and primer 208 (3′-ACGGCCGACC-5′) (1 ml) [2,6], according to the following protocol: initial denaturation (94 °C for 5 min) followed by 35 cycles of denaturation (94 °C for 1min), annealing (39 °C for 1 min), extension (72 °C for 2 min), and a final cycle of extension at 72 °C for 10 min. The RAPD-PCR products were loaded on a 1.5% (w/v) agarose gel with 0.5 mg/ml of Green Viewer and were analyzed by gel electrophoresis and banding patterns were observed in Gel-Documentation system (Uvitec, UK). We used a one-kilobase DNA ladder (Fermentas, Canada) as a molecular size standard.
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8

PCR Amplification and Cloning of Viral DNA

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Total genomic DNA from infected DF-1 cells was used as a template for PCR amplification. PCR was performed in a 50 µL reaction mixture that consisted of template DNA (5 µL), 10× PCR buffer (TaKaRa, Dalian, China), 1 µM of forward and reverse primers, 2 mM of MgCl2, 100 mM of each dNTP, and 1 unit of LA TaqTM DNA Polymerase (TaKaRa, Dalian, China). PCR products were analyzed on 1% agarose-Tris-acetate-EDTA (TAE) gels, stained with ethidium bromide and photographed using a gel documentation system (UVITEC, Cambridge, UK). The gel-purified PCR products were cloned into pMD18-T vector (Takara, Dalian, China) and transformed into DH5α Escherichia coli competent cells (Takara, Dalian, China). Clones containing recombinant plasmids were confirmed by PCR. DNA sequences from the positive clones were determined by Biotechnology Company (Invitrogen, Shanghai, China), and 3 independent recombinant plasmids were sequenced to confirm the accuracy of the sequences.
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9

RAPD Profiling and Genotype Grouping

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The RAPD products were electrophoresed in 1.5 % agarose gel containing Red safe dye in TAE buffer (40 mM Tris-acetate, 20 mM glacial acetic acid, 1 mM EDTA, pH 7) at 75 V. The gels were documented using a gel documentation system (UVITEC, UK) and according to an analysis by Phoretix program 1D gel analysis software version 4.01). Two repeats were performed to confirm the results. The bands obtained by scoring the RAPD profiles were treated as binary characters and coded accordingly (presence = 1, absence = 0). The genotypes showing similarity in their RAPD characteristics were grouped using UPGMA (Unweighted Paired Group with Arithmetic Average) The SPSS-10 package was used for statistical analysis.
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10

Turbidity-based LAMP Reaction Monitoring

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Amplified DNA in the LAMP reaction causes turbidity due to the accumulation of magnesium pyrophosphate, a by-product of the reaction. After inactivation of the reaction tubes, the turbidity of reaction mixture was inspected by the naked eye. The LAMP amplification results were also visually detected by adding 2 μL of 1∶10 diluted 10,000X concentration fluorescent dye SYBR Green I (Invitrogen) to the reaction tubes. A successful LAMP reaction would turn to green; otherwise, it would remain orange. Additionally, the LAMP products were also monitored using 2% agarose gel electrophoresis stained with ethidium bromide, visualized under UV light and then photographed using the ultraviolet (UV) image system (Gel documentation system, UVItec, UK).
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