Nerol

In our studies we used geraniol (99%, Acros organics, Poznań, Poland), citral (95%, Sigma Aldrich, Poznań, Poland), beta-pinene (95%, Fluka, Poznań, Poland), nerol (97%, Acros organics, Poznań, Poland), ocimenes (90%, Sigma Aldrich), linalool (97%, Acros organics, Poznań, Poland), and farnesol (96% Acros organics, Poznań, Poland).
The nourishing base CALAYA (Cosibella, Leeds, UK), used for preparing natural cosmetics, contained aqua, Helianthus annuus (Sunflower) seed oil, Polysorbate 20, cetyl alcohol, glyceryl stearate, phenoxyethanol, carbomer, potassium sorbate, and sodium hydroxide.
Microbiological media used in experiments (Graso Biotech, Jabłowo, Poland) were as follows: Mueller–Hinton agar II, Columbia agar with 5% sheep blood, plate count agar, chocolate Agar, mannitol salt agar, BHI broth, and D/E neutralizing broth. Other reagents used in experiments included 0.9% sodium chloride solution (Polpharma, Starogard Gdański, Poland) and 70% ethanol (Chempur, Poznań, Poland).

The syntheses were performed in the presence of diatomite (100% pure, Nanga, Hobbs, New Mexico) and aluminum potassium alum (100% pure, Nanga, Ufa, Russia) as the catalysts. The organic raw material used in our tests was GA (99% pure, from Acros Organics, Milwaukee, USA). For quantitative analysis which were performed by the gas chromatography method (GC), standards in the form of: citronellol (95% pure, from Sigma Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), citral (95% pure, Sigma Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), ocimen (90% pure, from Sigma Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI, USA), beta-pinene (95% pure, from Fluka, Milwaukee, WI, USA), linalool (97% pure, from Acros, Steinheim, Germany), farnesol (96% pure, from Acros, Steinheim, Germany), nerol (97% pure, from Acros, Steinheim, Germany), myrcene (pure technical from Sigma Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) and geranylgeraniol (85% pure, from Sigma Aldrich, Milwaukee, WI, USA) were used.

Phenylethanol, limonene and α-terpinene (pract.) were purchased from Fluka Chemie GmbH (Buchs, Switzerland). Camphene (95%), β-damascone (>95%), citronellyl acetate (>95%), β-damascenone natural, (+)-β-pinene (analytical standard), (−)-β-pinene (99%), (+)-α-pinene (≥99%), (−)-α-pinene (analytical standard), farnesol (95%), geranyl acetate (>99%), linalool (97%), p-cymene (99%), rose oxide (cis/trans mixture) and cis-3-hexen-1-ol (internal standard (IS), 98%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Eugenol and β-caryophyllene were obtained from Systema Natura GmbH (Flintbek, Germany). Citral (cis/trans mixture, >98%) and neryl acetate (>95%) were purchased from TCI Chemical (Eschborn, Germany). Citronellol (95%), geraniol (99%) and nerol (97%) were obtained from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium), and methyleugenol and n-heptane (99.9%) were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany) and VWR chemicals (Schlieren, Switzerland), respectively. Authentic rose oil samples and other EOs were purchased in Swiss pharmacies and online. All samples were stored at room temperature and in brown glass vials. Helium 6.0, nitrogen 6.0 and hydrogen 5.0 gas were purchased from PanGas (Dagmersellen, Switzerland).