Tensor 2 spectrophotometer

FT-IR spectral measurements were carried out for the identification of potential phytochemicals involved in capping and stabilization of AgNPs using spectrophotometer (TENSOR-II Spectrophotometer, Bruker Optics, UK) with frequency range 4000–600 cm^-1. The instrument was equipped with ATR assembly containing diamond crystal. Recorded spectra were an average of around 120 scans.

Mass spectra were recorded on a Bruker impact II high-definition mass spectrometer, quadrupole and time-of-flight modules both in the positive ion modes. The data analyses of mass spectra were performed on the basis of the isotope distribution patterns using Compass Data Analysis software (version 4.4). UV-vis absorption spectra were recorded on a Thermo Scientific Evolution 220 UV-vis spectrophotometer. Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded on a Bruker Tensor II spectrophotometer (Bruker Optics GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany) using a single attenuated total reflectance accessory covering a wave number range from 400 to 4000 cm⁻¹. The final spectrum was the average of 32 scans accumulated using Bruker’s Opus software 8.1, taken at a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹. The samples were measured under the same mechanical force pushing the samples in contact with the diamond window. PXRD analyses were carried out on a microcrystalline powder using a Rigaku Oxford Diffraction XtaLAB Synergy-S diffractometer using Cu radiation (λ = 1.54184 Å). Morphology of the sample and elemental composition analyses were measured using an SU-8010 field-emission scanning electron microscope (Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) equipped with an Oxford-Horiba Inca XMax50 energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy attachment (Oxford Instruments Analytical, High Wycombe, England).

The RT-IR spectra
of SAE were recorded on a modified Bruker Tensor II spectrophotometer.^{40 (link)} The profiles of photopolymerization were recorded
by real-time FT-IR.^{41 (link),42 (link)} FT-IR (KBr, cm^–1): 3383 (υ O–H), 2923 (υ C–H), 1647 (υ
C=C), 1423 (υ C–C), 1068 (υ C-O-C), 929
(υ CH=CH). For comparison with HMPP, three commercial
photoinitiators of low molecular weight, namely, 127, ITX, and DETX,
were chosen for FT-IR use. It is designed to allow LED light to irradiate
a horizontal sample of SAE using a fiber-optic cable and MCT detector.
The light source used for irradiation was a Xenon lamp HAMAMATSU L9566
(28 mW·cm^–2). The rate of reaction
was monitored at 1647 cm^–1, a carbon–carbon
double bond absorption peak. The conversion was calculated from where A₀ and A_t are the cis H-C=CH₂ peak areas before and after
exposure (at
a given time t). The details of materials and the
synthesis procedure of SAE are shown in the Supporting Information.