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138 protocols using icap 6300

1

Intestinal Iron Staining and Quantification

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Plasma Fe, total Fe-binding capacity (TIBC), and transferrin saturation were measured and calculated using the Pointe Fe/TIBC assay kit (Pointe Scientific). Paraffin-embedded coronal sections of the duodenum and proximal colon (6 μm) were stained for ferric Fe with Prussian blue stain containing 5% potassium ferrocyanide and 5% hydrochloric acid and counterstained with 0.1% nuclear fast red solution (Sigma-Aldrich). Slides were digitally imaged by an Olympus BX51 microscope at 10× and 20× objective magnifications. Crypt-villus areas were manually traced as regions of interest (ROIs) using ImageJ (NIH). The percentage of Fe-stained area within the ROI was quantified using ImageJ [37 (link)]. The concentrations of Fe and other trace minerals in intestinal tissues, liver, colon content, and feces were analyzed as previously described [11 (link)]. Briefly, samples (50–200 mg) were digested in 4 mL of 16 mol/L nitric acid (Ultrex II, J.T. Baker) in screw-top glass vials for ≤120 h. The samples were placed on a heating plate and boiled at 100°C until minimal liquid was left. The samples were diluted with ultrapure water to a final volume of 5 mL and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (iCAP 6300, Thermo Electron) to determine concentrations of Fe, zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn).
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2

Quantifying Heavy Metals in Yeast and Plants

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The content of total Cd, Zn, Mn, and Fe in the yeast and plant samples were determined by Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) (iCAP6300, Thermo Electron Corp., MA, USA). All samples were dried at 80 °C for 6 h. Dried samples were digested using 2 ml of concentrated HNO3 overnight. Sample digestion was carried out by heating block at 200 °C for 8 h. After cooling, the digested solution was diluted to 15 ml with deionized water and filtered through 0.22 μm cellulose acetate membranes filters. All digestions were performed in triplicate. The blank HNO3 was used as the negative control and the certified standard material sample (CRM rice; GBW100348) was used as the positive control. All the assays were performed at least three times.
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3

Comprehensive Material Characterization

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The surface morphology and chemical composition of the samples were observed and analyzed via the field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, Hitachi SU8010, Japan). The XRD (Bruker D8 Advance) patterns of the samples were recorded on a Rigaku Ultima IV with Cu Kα radiation (10° min−1). The thermogravimetry analysis (METTLER, TGA/DSC 1/1100, Switzerland) was recorded under dynamic oxygen flow by heating the samples to 800 °C at a rate of 10 °C min−1. The element content of the samples was analyzed by ICP-OES (Thermo Fisher iCAP6300).
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4

Determination of 2,4-DCP and Ni(II) Concentrations

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The concentration of 2,4-DCP was determined
by a UV–vis
spectrophotometer (UV-5100, Shanghai) at the wavelength of 281 nm.52 (link) The concentration of Ni(II) was determined by
an ICP-OES analyzer (iCAP6300, Thermo).53 (link) The adsorption capacity Qe (mg/g) and
removal rate (%) of BCs were calculated by where C0 (mg/L)
is the initial concentration of the pollutants, Ce (mg/L) is the equilibrium solution concentration, V is the volume of solution (L), and M is
the mass of BCs (g) employed.
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5

Comprehensive Characterization of Solid Samples

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Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were recorded on a diffractometer with CuKα radiation (λ = 1.54056 Å, Rigaku Ultima IV, 40 kV, 40 mA) at a scanning rate of 4° min–1 over a range of 3° to 50°. Thermogravimetric analyses were performed on a PU 4K (Rigaku) with a heating rate of 10 K min–1, using a mixture of 10% O2 and 90% He as the carrier gas. Samples dissolved in hydrofluoric acid were characterized using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (iCAP-6300, Thermo Scientific). Solid-state NMR spectra were recorded on a JEOL JNM ECA-400 spectrometer. 27Al magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectra were recorded at 104.17 MHz with a relaxation delay of 1 s (30° pulse). 29Si MAS NMR spectra were recorded at 79.42 MHz with a relaxation delay of 100 s (45° pulse). Peak areas of the 29Si MAS NMR spectra were deconvoluted with Voigt functions using dmfit software.36 A field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi S-4700) was used for characterizing the morphology of the solid samples.
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6

Plant Tissue Elemental Analysis

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The shoots and roots of the plants in the OTCs were collected separately at the seedling stage (after 20 d in the chambers) and the tillering stage (after 60 d in the chambers). After determination of plant height (to the highest leaf tip) and biomass dry weight, the shoot and root samples were ground separately to a fine powder, and digested in 6 ml of concentrated nitric acid and 2 ml of hydrogen peroxide using a MARS microwave digestion system (CEM, Buckingham, WA, USA). Grains harvested from mature plants were also dried and digested in the same way. Fe concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICAP6300; ThermoScientific).
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7

Ionic Release of Cu and Zn from NFs

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The ionic release of copper and zinc ions from the CuZn@DEG and ZnO@PEG NFs into distilled water (DI) was studied by preparing a solution of 10 mg of NFs in 100 mL of DI. The solution was sonicated for 10 min, and then, the residual Cu2+ and Zn2+ concentration was determined after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h utilizing the Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) analysis (iCap 6300, Thermo Scientific).
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8

Elemental Analysis of Acorn, Weevil, and Feces

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The total C, H, O, and N concentrations in the acorns, weevil larvae, and feces were determined via elemental analysis (Vario EL cube, Elementar, Germany). Once all of the samples (acorn, weevil larvae, and feces) were digested with nitric and chloric acid, the total P, S, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, and Zn were analyzed with an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES; iCAP6300, Thermo). Elemental analyses were performed at the Instrumental Analysis Center of Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
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9

Quantifying Iron Content in SPM-MWCNTs

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0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 5 mg of SPM-MWCNTs were treated with concentrated nitric acid respectively to wash off the iron incorporated, and the resulting solutions were subjected to Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES, Thermo iCAP 6300) analysis to determine the total iron content of the different masses of the SPM-MWCNTs. Then, the linear fitting method was used for the two sets of data to obtain the calibration and correlation coefficient.
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10

Characterization of Polymeric Nanoparticles

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UV/Vis spectra were recorded with a Hitachi U‐3010 UV/Vis spectrophotometer. CLSM images were taken with an Olympus FV1000 confocal system, which has a 60×oil‐immersion objective and a numerical aperture of 1.4. The TEM images and selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns were acquired by using a JEM‐1011 and JEM‐2011(JEOL, Japan). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were obtained with an S‐4800 instrument with 10 kV accelerating voltage (Hitachi, Japan). The degradation of PGSNs was monitored by using both TEM morphology investigation and analysis of the above supernatant through ICP–OES (Thermo Icap 6300). In vivo fluorescence imaging was performed at different time intervals on the in vivo imaging system (FX Pro, Carestream Health). The excitation and emission bandpass filters were at 740 and 760 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensities of the tumor and the background were analyzed by using corresponding software. Zeta potential and size distribution were documented by using a dynamic light scattering technique (Zetasizer Nano, Malvern).
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