R26eYFP, R26mT/mG and R26Brainbow2.1 reporter mice and Rag–/– mice were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. The Ccl19Cre9, Col6a1Cre47, Ccl19Tta12, Ltbrfl/lf48, TnfR1–/–49, Tnfr1fl/fl50, Tnfr1cneo23 strains were described previously. Fate-mapping experiments were performed via treating the pregnant dams with 1 mg doxycycline (Sigma Aldrich) intraperitoneally and maintenance of doxycycline in the drinking water (1 mg/ml). For the commensal microbiota studies, mice were housed in a single room and soiled cage bedding was routinely mixed twice per week and distributed among all cages from weaning (four weeks old) until the onset of the study (10-12 weeks old). All mice were bred and maintained on a C57BL/6 genetic background in the animal facilities of the Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming” and the Kantonsspital St. Gallen under specific pathogen-free conditions.
Experiments were performed in accordance with all current European and national legislation and were approved by the Institutional Committee of Protocol Evaluation in conjunction with the Veterinary Service Management of the Hellenic Republic Prefecture of Attika and the Swiss federal and cantonal guidelines (Tierschutzgesetz) under the permissions SG01/18, SG12/17, SG11/19 and SG08/18 granted by the Veterinary Office of the Kanton of St. Gallen.