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Alexa fluor 488 donkey anti mouse

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom

Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse is a fluorescent secondary antibody conjugate. It is designed to detect and bind to mouse primary antibodies, allowing for visualization and detection in various immunoassay applications.

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168 protocols using alexa fluor 488 donkey anti mouse

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of GAD65-LE Hippocampus

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For histopathological analysis, sections from selective hippocampectomy specimen of two patients with GAD65‐LE were incubated with antibodies against CD20, CD138, CD3 and CD8 as well as against NeuN, amyloid precursor protein, and activated caspase‐3 using standard methods, and counterstained with hematoxylin. The images were acquired with Zeiss Examiner microscope.
For immunohistochemical analysis, slides were incubated 2 × 10 min in xylene, ethanol (100%–95%–70%–50%), citrate buffer (10 mmol/L, pH 6.0), and blocked for 2 h at 37°C in blocking buffer consisting of 10% normal goat serum (Invitrogen) and 1% fetal calf serum (Invitrogen) in PBS. Slides were incubated with primary antibodies against CD8 (1:50; #MA5‐14548; Thermo Fisher) and Granzyme B Ab‐1 (1:50; #MS‐1157–S1; Thermo Fisher) or Perforin Ab‐2 (1:50; #MS‐1834‐S1; Thermo Fisher) overnight at room temperature in blocking buffer. After washing with PBS, slides were incubated with secondary antibodies (1:200 Alexa Fluor 488 donkey‐anti‐mouse and 1:200 Alexa Fluor 568 goat‐anti‐rabbit; both from Thermo Fisher) and with 0.1 µg/mL 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI, Life technologies) for 2 h at room temperature in blocking buffer. After washing with PBS, sections were coverslipped in fluorescein mounting medium (Vectashield, Vector laboratories) and imaged with a confocal laser scanning microscope (Eclipse Ti, Nikon).
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2

Immunohistochemical Assessment of Brain Markers

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We conducted immunohistochemical analyses on the coronal brain slices to assess the expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 protein (Iba-1), and neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) after blast exposure. The expressions of GFAP, Iba-1, and NeuN are associated with the distributions of astrocytes, microglia, and neuronal cells, respectively21 (link).
At FD Neurotechnologies, the brain slices were incubated with primary antibodies to detect GFAP (#556330; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA; 1:350 dilution), Iba-1 (#019-19741; Wako Chemicals, Richmond, VA; 1:350 dilution), and NeuN (#ABN90P; Millipore Sigma, Burlington, MA; 1:250 dilution). This was followed by incubation in PBS containing the following secondary reporter antibodies with a fluorescent tag: Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse (#A21202; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA; 1:250 dilution), Alexa Fluor 594 donkey anti-rabbit (#A21207; Thermo Fisher Scientific; 1:250 dilution), and Alexa Fluor 405 streptavidin conjugate (#S32351; Thermo Fisher Scientific; 1:200 dilution) for the detection of GFAP, Iba-1, and NeuN primary antibodies, respectively. The stained coronal slices were shipped back to their respective laboratories of origin (WRAIR or NJIT) for quantification analyses.
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3

Immunofluorescence Staining of Cultured Cells

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Antibody staining of cells was performed in the same way as described in siRNA Screening and Transfection. Plates were washed once with PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde incubated for 10 min at room temperature. Plates were then permeabilized by incubating with 0.2% Triton-X-100 in PBS for 5 min at room temperature, incubated with blocking buffer (10% FBS, 0.25% fish skin gelatin in PBS) for 1 h and stained overnight at +4 °C with the primary antibody anti-involucrin (SY3 or SY7 clones) or anti-cleaved caspase 3 (Asp175) (Cell Signaling catalog no. 9661) diluted to 1 µg/mL or according to manufacturer’s instructions in blocking buffer. Plates were then washed three times with PBS, stained with the secondary antibodies Alexa Fluor 555 donkey anti-mouse (Thermo Fisher Scientific) and/or Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 1 µg/mL, the nuclear dye DRAQ5 (abcam) at 10 µM, and Alexa Fluor 647 Phalloidin (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 12.6 nM in blocking buffer. Secondary stains were incubated for 2 h at room temperature protected from light, and plates were finally washed three times with PBS before being imaged using the Perkin-Elmer Operetta High-Content Imaging System.
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4

Immunohistochemistry Protocol for Brain Sections

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Free-floating coronal sections were washed in PBS, permeabilized in PBST buffer (0.5% Triton X-100 diluted in PBS), and immersed in 5% normal donkey serum at room-temperature for 1 h. For anti-Dicer and anti-Lpl primary antibodies, antigen retrieval was performed using Reveal Decloaker (BioCare, RV1000M) for 10 min at 90 °C then cooled to room temperature before blocking. Primary antibodies were diluted in PBST containing 5% normal donkey serum. Brain sections were incubated in primary antibodies at 4 °C overnight and then with secondary antibodies at room temperature for 1 h. Tissues were mounted on glass slides with antifade mounting medium (Life Technologies, P36935). Primary antibodies and dilutions used for staining were the following: Anti-Iba1 (Abcam, ab5076, 1:500 and Wako, 019–19741, 1:500), anti-Dicer (Abcam, ab167444, N167/7, 1:100), anti-Lpl (Abcam, ab21356, LPL.A4, 1:50) and anti-MC1 (a kind gift from P. Davies, 1:500)15 (link). Secondary antibodies used were the following at 1:500 dilution: Cy3 AffiniPure Donkey Anti-Goat (Jackson ImmunoResearch, 705–165-147), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Mouse (Jackson ImmunoResearch, 715–545-150), Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Mouse (Thermo Fisher Scientific, R37114). Validation information for primary antibodies included in “Life Sciences Reporting Summary”.
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5

Immunofluorescence Staining of Keratins

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All chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Quentin Falavier, France). The antibodies used in the study were Anti-keratin 14 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA, mouse monoclonal), Anti-keratin 16 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA, mouse monoclonal), Anti-loricrin (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) mouse monoclonal, Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse (Thermofisher scientific, Montigny le Bretonneux, France).
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6

Quantifying Autophagy Markers in Cardiac Tissue

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The OCT-compound embedded frozen left ventricle samples were used to detect LC3B-FTH1 and LAMP2a-FTH1 co-localization dots. The samples were sectioned into 5 μm thick sections and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for immunohistochemical fluorescence staining. The samples were blocked with 10% normal donkey serum (Abcam, ab7475) to detect LC3B-FTH1 co-localization and with 10% normal donkey serum and 10% normal goat serum (Abcam, ab7481) to detect LAMP2a-FTH1 co-localization. The primary antibodies were rabbit anti-FTH1, mouse anti-LC3B, and rat anti-LAMP2a. The secondary antibodies were Alexa Fluor 488 donkey-anti-mouse (Thermo Fisher Scientific: A21202, 1/500), Alexa Fluor 568 donkey-anti-rabbit (Thermo Fisher Scientific: A10042, 1/500), and Alexa Fluor 488 goat-anti-rat (Thermo Fisher Scientific: A11006, 1/500). DAPI (ProLong Gold Antifade Reagent with DAPI; Life Technologies: P36935) was used to detect nuclei. Micrographs were acquired using a Nikon Eclipse Ti inverted microscope (Nikon) equipped with a Yokogawa CSU-X1 spinning disk unit (Yokagawa) and an Andor EMMCD camera (Andor Technology) using a 100x oil immersion objective lens. The co-localization dots were quantified by counting the number of LC3B-FTH1- or LAMP2a-FTH1-positive dots in 10 different areas (magnification 1000x) per section.
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7

Immunofluorescence Staining of Endothelial Markers

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Silicone-coated 4-0 monofilament nylon sutures were purchased from Doccol Co. (Redlands, CA, USA). Primary antibodies against lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1), and p62/SQSTM1, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). Primary antibodies against LC3B and β-actin were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). A primary antibody against CD31 was obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA). A primary antibody against occludin and the fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies of Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse and Alexa Fluor 555 donkey anti-rabbit were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Rockford, IL, USA). All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
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8

Immunohistochemistry for Amyloid-Beta

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Sections were washed in 3 × 5-min changes of PBS and 3 × 5-min washes in distilled water before being incubated for 10 min in formic acid. Sections were then washed 3 × 5 min in distilled water and equilibrated in PBS before being blocked for 20 min in 5% PBS/donkey serum (Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK). Sections were incubated at 4°C overnight with mouse anti-human Aβ (4G8) at 1 in 250 in PBS (Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA). Sections were washed 3 × 5 min in PBS and incubated at room temperature for 1 h with Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse (ThermoFisher UK) at 1 in 500 in PBS. Sections were washed 3 × 5 min in PBS and mounted using Vectashield mounting medium with DAPI (Vector Labs, Peterborough, UK).
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9

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Microglial Markers

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After treatment, the BV2 cells were fixed for 15 min in 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized for 7 min with 0.1% Triton X-100, and then blocked for 30 min with 1% BSA. The cells were incubated for 1 h at RT with mouse anti-CD86 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA, sc-28347, 1:250), mouse anti-CD68 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., sc-20060; 1:250), a rabbit anti-IL-10 antibody (Abbiotec, 250713; 1:200), a rabbit anti-TNF-α antibody (Novus Biologicals, NB600-587; 1:100), or a rabbit anti-α7 nAchR (Abcam, ab216485; 1:500). After washing in PBS three times for 5 min each, the cells were incubated for 1 h at RT in the dark with the appropriate fluorescent-labelled secondary antibodies (Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse (Thermo Fisher Scientific), Alexa Fluor 546 donkey anti-rabbit (Thermo Fisher Scientific), or Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-rabbit (Thermo Fisher Scientific)). Finally, for nuclear staining and the stabilization of fluorescent signals, the slides were covered in mounting medium (Fluoroshield with DAPI; Sigma-Aldrich, Milan, Italy) and secured with a coverslip. Fluorescence images were captured using a Zeiss Observer.Z1 microscope equipped with the Apotome.2 acquisition system (Zeiss LSM 700, Jena, Germany).
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10

Immunofluorescence Staining of Nephrocytes

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For immunofluorescence, nephrocytes were dissected, fixed for 20 min in PBS containing 4% paraformaldehyde, and stained according to the standard procedure. The following primary antibodies were used: rabbit anti-sns (Bour et al., 2000 (link)) (1:300, gift from S Abmayr) and guinea pig anti-Kirre (Galletta et al., 2004 (link)) (1:200, gift from S Abmayr). Other antibodies used were rabbit anti-Rab5 (ab18211, abcam, 1:100), mouse anti-Rab7 (Rab7, DSHB 1:100), mouse anti-Myc (9E10; DSHB, 1:100), mouse anti-c-Myc (sc-40; Santa Cruz Biotechnology 1:100), and rabbit anti-RAB11 (#5589S; Cell Signaling Technology, 1:100). The following secondary antibodies were used: Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-rabbit (#A-21206, Thermofisher, 1:200), Alexa Fluor 488 donkey anti-mouse (#A32766, Thermofisher, 1:200), Alexa Fluor 568 donkey anti-rabbit (#A10042, Thermofisher, 1:200), Alexa Fluor 568 donkey anti-mouse (#A10037, Thermofisher, 1:200), Alexa Fluor 568 goat anti-guinea pig (#11075, Thermofisher, 1:200).
Apoptotic cells were visualized using the In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit (#11684795910, Sigma/Roche) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. For imaging, a Zeiss LSM 880 laser scanning microscope was used. Image processing was done by ImageJ and GIMP software.
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