Apicidin

Manufactured by Cayman Chemical

Sourced in United States

Apicidin is a chemical compound used in laboratory research. It functions as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, which means it can regulate gene expression by affecting the acetylation of histones, proteins involved in the structure of chromatin.

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5 protocols using apicidin

Cell Culture Media and Supplements

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Cell culture media and supplements such as RPMI 1640, DMEM, PBS, and antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin, and puromycin) were purchased from Lonza (Allendale, NJ), Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA) or Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX). Heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Atlanta Biologicals (Flowery Branch, GA). Sodium butyrate and sanguinarine were procured from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Trichostatin A (TSA), apicidin, HC toxin, LY294002, PX866, CAL-101, MK2206, Triciribine, GDC0068, Rapamycin, AZD8055, and BEZ235 were obtained from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). Tetrandrine was acquired from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, and (–)-depudecin was purchased from BioVision (Milpitas, CA) and MyBioSource (San Diego, CA). Datiscetin was ordered from BOC Sciences (Shirley, NY), while wortmannin and CUDC-907 were procured from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX).

Lyu W., Deng Z., Sunkara L.T., Becker S., Robinson K., Matts R, & Zhang G. (2018). High Throughput Screening for Natural Host Defense Peptide-Inducing Compounds as Novel Alternatives to Antibiotics. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 8, 191.

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Chemical Reagents Procurement Protocol

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VPA and apicidin were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI) and Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), respectively. All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich unless otherwise specified.

You D., Shin H.M., Mosaad F., Richardson J.R, & Aleksunes L.M. (2019). Brain Region-Specific Regulation of Histone Acetylation and Efflux Transporters in Mice. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology, 33(6), e22318.

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Fluorescent p27 Reporter for Cell Cycle

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The p27 reporter was constructed after Oki et al (2014), using a p27 allele that harbors two amino acid substitutions (F62A and F64A) that block binding to cyclin/CDK complexes but do not interfere with its cell cycle‐dependent proteolysis. This p27K⁻ allele was fused to mVenus to create p27K⁻‐mVenus. To this end, the p27 allele and mVenus were synthesized as gBlocks (IDT) and cloned via Gibson assembly (NEB) into a modified pGIPz lentiviral expression vector (Open Biosystems). Lentivirally transduced cells were puromycin‐selected and validated using mCherry‐CDT1 FUCCI and HDAC inhibitor treatment (48 h of 5 μM apicidin (Cayman)) to induce G0/G1 arrest using FACS (LSR II from Becton Dickinson and FlowJo software).

O’Connor S.A., Feldman H.M., Arora S., Hoellerbauer P., Toledo C.M., Corrin P., Carter L., Kufeld M., Bolouri H., Basom R., Delrow J., McFaline‐Figueroa J.L., Trapnell C., Pollard S.M., Patel A., Paddison P.J, & Plaisier C.L. (2021). Neural G0: a quiescent‐like state found in neuroepithelial‐derived cells and glioma. Molecular Systems Biology, 17(6), e9522.

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Epigenetics Library Screening Protocol

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An epigenetics library (containing various compounds with epigenetic activity and different structures and mechanisms of action) (ENZO; CB-BML-28360100) was provided by the Cancer Research Institute of Kanazawa University (http://ganken.cri.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/). This library contains 43 compounds. Of these, 42 commercially available compounds were used in the experiments. The compounds were dissolved in DMSO at a concentration of 10 mM and stored at −80 °C. Pyrimethamine (Wako, Osaka, Japan) and nitazoxanide (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) served as positive controls for T. gondii and C. parvum, respectively. Apicidin (CaymanChemical, USA) was used as a positive control as an HDAC inhibitor of C. parvum.

Murakoshi F., Bando H., Sugi T., Adeyemi O.S., Nonaka M., Nakaya T, & Kato K. (2020). Nullscript inhibits Cryptosporidium and Toxoplasma growth. International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance, 14, 159-166.

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Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Treatment

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SAHA (10009929), MS‐275 (13284), MI192 (18288), and Apicidin (10575) were purchased from Cayman Chemical and dissolved in DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide, Sigma). Valproic acid (VPA) was purchased from Sigma (P4543) and prepared in water. The cells were treated with SAHA (5 µM), MS‐275 (5 µM), MI192 (3 µM), Apicidin (3 µM), and VPA (10 mM).

Alshawli A.S., Wurdak H., Wood I.C, & Ladbury J.E. (2020). Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce medulloblastoma cell death independent of HDACs recruited in REST repression complexes. Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine, 8(10), e1429.

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