Sulfatide

Manufactured by Avanti Polar Lipids

Sourced in United States

Sulfatide is a glycosphingolipid found in the myelin sheath of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is a key component of the lipid bilayer and plays a crucial role in the structure and function of myelin. Sulfatide is commonly used in research studies investigating the role of lipids in neurological processes and disorders.

Automatically generated - may contain errors

Lab products found in correlation

8 protocols using sulfatide

Lipid Characterization and CD1d Loading

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

C_24:1 (PBS44) was kindly provided by P. Savage (Brigham Young University). α-GalCer C_26:0 was supplied by Alexis Biochemicals, and sulfatide (C_24:1), β-GalCer (C₁₂) and β-GlcCer (C_24:1) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. Disialo-ganglioside GD3 was purchased from Matreya. α-GlcCer (C_20:2), α-GalCer (C_20:2 analogue), and OCH were produced in house (at the University of Birmingham, UK). α-GalCer (C_26:0 3′,4″-dideoxy- ‘3′-deoxy-α-GalCer' and C_26:0 4′,4″-dideoxy ‘4′-deoxy-α-GalCer' analogues) were produced in house (at the University of Connecticut)47 (link). Lipids were dissolved in 0.5% v/v Tyloxapol (Sigma), or buffer containing 0.5% v/v tween-20, 57 mg ml⁻¹ sucrose and 7.5 mg ml⁻¹ histidine, and loaded into CD1d at a three to sixfold molar excess overnight.

Le Nours J., Praveena T., Pellicci D.G., Gherardin N.A., Ross F.J., Lim R.T., Besra G.S., Keshipeddy S., Richardson S.K., Howell A.R., Gras S., Godfrey D.I., Rossjohn J, & Uldrich A.P. (2016). Atypical natural killer T-cell receptor recognition of CD1d–lipid antigens. Nature Communications, 7, 10570.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Lipid Standards for Brain Tissue

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Ceramide (Cer) 12:0/d18:1, galactoCeramide (GalCer) 12:0/d18:1, sulfatide (ST)12:0/d18:1, sphingomyelin (SM) 12:0/d18.1, diacylglycerol (DAG) 14:0a/14:0, phosphatidic acid (PA)14:0a/14:0, phosphatidylcholine (PC)14:0a/14:0, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)14:0a/14:0, phosphatidylglycerol (PG)14:0a/14:0, and phosphatidylserine (PS)14:0a/14:0, were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). Myristic acid (14:0) and triacylglycerol (TAG) 14:0a/14:0/14:0 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). These chains have been chosen because they are not abundant in brain tissue. Stock solutions were prepared at 5 mg/mL in chloroform:methanol (2:1 v/v); 0.5 μL of each lipid standard was deposited directly on brain tissue or on glass slide.

Muller L., Baldwin K., Barbacci D.C., Jackson S.N., Roux A., Balaban C.D., Brinson B.E., McCully M.I., Lewis E.K., Schultz J.A, & Woods A.S. (2017). Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometric Imaging of Endogenous Lipids from Rat Brain Tissue Implanted with Silver Nanoparticles. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 28(8), 1716-1728.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Lipid-loaded CD1a Tetramer Preparation

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Soluble mammalian CD1a samples were enzymatically biotinylated using BirA biotin ligase. Endogenous CD1a tetramers were prepared by mixing Streptavidin-PE (BD-biosciences) with biotinylated CD1a in a 1:4 molar ratio. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) (1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine), sphingomyelin (SM) (N-nervonoyl-D-erythro-sphingosylphosphorylcholine), sulfatide (3-O-sulfo-D-galactosyl-ß1–1’-N-nervonoyl-D-erythro-sphingosine) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (1-oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) were all purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. PC, SM and sulfatide were prepared in 0.5% tyloxapol (Sigma) tris buffered saline (TBS) pH 8.0. LPC was prepared in aqueous solution or aqueous 0.5% tyloxapol. Prior to the production of lipid-loaded tetramers, biotinylated CD1a was loaded overnight with PC (1:6 molar ratio), LPC (1:5, 1:25, 1:50, 1:150 and 1:450 molar ratio) or SM (1:3, 1:6, 1:12 and 1:24 molar ratio). CD1a tetramer positive cells were co-stained with CD3 (clone UCHT1, BD biosciences) and analysed using a LSR Fortessa (BD sciences). Data was processed using FlowJo software (Tree Star Inc.). Loading of CD1a with LPC for crystallographic studies was performed by mixing CD1a with LPC in a 1:60 molar ratio, incubating overnight at room temperature and excess lipid and detergent removed using a HiTrap Q FF column (GE healthcare).

Birkinshaw R.W., Pellicci D.G., Cheng T.Y., Keller A.N., Sandoval-Romero M., Gras S., de Jong A., Uldrich A.P., Moody D.B., Godfrey D.I, & Rossjohn J. (2015). αβ T-cell receptor recognition of CD1a presenting self-lipid antigens. Nature immunology, 16(3), 258-266.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Lipid Loading of CD1 Proteins

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Lipids were dissolved by sonication in TBS (10 mM Tris pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl) containing 0.05 % (v/v) tyloxapol (Sigma) and stored at −20°C prior to use. Prior to loading, lipids were thawed and re-sonicated for 30 min. All loading was performed overnight at RT. For staining in figure 1, CD1d was loaded with α-GalCer (KRN7000) at a 3:1 molar ratio (lipid:CD1). For Figure 6, CD1d was loaded with PBS44 (provided by Paul Savage, Brigham Young University) at 6:1, LPC (C18:1) or sulfatide (C24:1), both at 12:1. CD1c was loaded with LPC (C18:1), sulfatide (C24:1), PC (C18:0-C18–1) or GD3 at 12:1. KRN7000, LPC, PC, sulfatide and GD3 were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. CD1b was loaded with GMM (Moody laboratory, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston) at 6:1.

Gherardin N.A., Redmond S.J., McWilliam H.E., Almeida C.F., Gourley K.H., Seneviratna R., Li S., De Rose R., Nguyen-Robertson C.V., Su S., Ritchie M.E., Villadangos J.A., Moody D.B., Pellicci D.G., Uldrich A.P, & Godfrey D.I. (2021). CD36 family members are TCR-independent ligands for CD1 antigen-presenting molecules. Science immunology, 6(60), eabg4176.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Investigating UGT8 and Sox10 in Cancer

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

UTG8 shRNA was purchased from MISSION shRNA at Sigma-Aldrich. Human UGT8 and Sox10 were amplified from a MDA-MB231 cDNA library and subcloned into pLVX-Puro.
Sulfatide and GalCer were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids and Abcam, respectively. Antibody against UGT8 was from Protein Tech Group. Antibodies against Sox10, Smad4, Smad5, Integrin αV, and Integrin αVβ5 were from Abcam. Antibodies against RelA and Phospho-Smad1 (Ser463/465)/Smad5 (Ser463/465)/Smad9 (Ser465/467) were from Santa Cruz and Cell Signaling Technology, respectively. Antibodies for galactocerebroside, Sulfatide, and Integrin αVβ3 were purchased from Millipore Sigma. Antibodies for ID4 and β-actin were from BioCheck and Sigma-Aldrich, respectively.

Cao Q., Chen X., Wu X., Liao R., Huang P., Tan Y., Wang L., Ren G., Huang J, & Dong C. (2018). Inhibition of UGT8 suppresses basal-like breast cancer progression by attenuating sulfatide–αVβ5 axis. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 215(6), 1679-1692.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Glycolipid Synthesis and Preparation

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

α-GalCer (C26:0) was purchased from Alexis Biochemicals. GD3 (C26:0) was purchased from Matreya LLC. Sulfatide (C24:1) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. α-GlcADAG analogues were produced in house. α-GalCer (C20:2), α-GlcCer (C20:2), were supplied by Prof. Gurdyal Besra (University of Birmingham, UK). α-GalCer (C24:1 ‘PBS-44’) and Sphingomonas spp. GSL-1 (α-GlcACer C14:0) and GSL-1′ (α-GalACer C14:0) were provided by Prof. Paul Savage (Brigham Young University, USA). Streptococcus pneumoniae α-GlcDAG (C16:0/C18:1) and Borrelia burgdorferi α-GalDAG (C17:1/C16:0) were provided by Dr. Petr Illarionov (from Gurdyal Besra’s Laboratory, University of Birmingham, UK). Glycolipids were prepared in either tyloxapol-based detergent (0.5% or 0.05% v/v tyloxapol in tris-buffered saline (TBS) pH 8, or Tween 20-based detergent (0.5% Tween-20, 56 mg/mL sucrose, 7.5 mg/mL l-histidine in PBS). All glycolipids were stored at −20 °C. Glycolipids were sonicated for ~30 min prior to each use.

Almeida C.F., Sundararaj S., Le Nours J., Praveena T., Cao B., Burugupalli S., Smith D.G., Patel O., Brigl M., Pellicci D.G., Williams S.J., Uldrich A.P., Godfrey D.I, & Rossjohn J. (2019). Distinct CD1d docking strategies exhibited by diverse Type II NKT cell receptors. Nature Communications, 10, 5242.

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Glycosphingolipid Analysis by LC-MS/MS

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Rat anti-mouse CD68 monoclonal antibody (MCA 1957) was from AbD Serotec (Raleigh, NC). Biotinylated rabbit anti-rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) (H + L) (BA-4001) was from Vector Laboratories, Inc. (Burlingame, CA). DISCOVERY Antibody diluent (760-108) and DISCOVERY DAB Map Detection Kit (RUO) (760-124) were from Ventana Medical System (Tucson, AZ). Internal standards of GluCer, GalCer, LacCer, gangliosides GM1, and sulfatide for LC-ESI-MS/MS were from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL). sulfatides with C12:0, C16:0, and C24:0 were obtained from Mytreya LLC (Pleasant Gap, PA). Ganglioside GM2 was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), and ganglioside GM3 from AdipoGen (San Diego, CA). 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), and water were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Indium tin oxide (ITO) slides were purchased from Bruker Daltonics (Billerica, MA) for MALDI IMS experiments. Additional GSL standards were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids.

Jones E.E., Zhang W., Zhao X., Quiason C., Dale S., Shahidi-Latham S., Grabowski G.A., Setchell K.D.R., Drake R.R, & Sun Y. (2017). Tissue Localization of Glycosphingolipid Accumulation in a Gaucher Disease Mouse Brain by LC-ESI-MS/MS and High-Resolution MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry. SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 22(10).

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

Lipid and Antibody Acquisition for Research

Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols

Pure galactosylceramide (GalCer), sulfatide, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids; DOPC, sphingomyelin (SM), and phosphatidic acid (PA) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Lysosulfatide was purchased from Matreya. Gangliosides (GM3, GM2, GM1, GD3, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b), glucosylceramide (GlcCer), glucosylsphingosine (GlcSph), and lactosylceramide (LacCer) were synthesized or extracted from natural sources and puri ed in our laboratories.
Chrompure Human IgM has been purchased from Jackson Immuno Research, Inc., rHIgM22 antibody was provided by Acorda Therapeutics, Inc. (Ardsley, NY, USA).

Grassi S., Cabitta L., Prioni S., Mauri L., Ciampa M.G., Yokoyama N., Iwabuchi K., Zorina Y, & Prinetti A. (2023). Identification of the Lipid Antigens Recognized by rHIgM22, a Remyelination-Promoting Antibody. Neurochemical research, 48(6).

+ Open protocol

+ Expand

About PubCompare

Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.

We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.

However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.

Ready to get started?

Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!