Elemental CHN composition data were obtained using a PerkinElmer 2,400 II CHN Elemental Analyzer.
2400 2 chn elemental analyzer
Manufactured by PerkinElmer
Sourced in United States
The 2400 II CHN Elemental Analyzer is a laboratory instrument designed to determine the carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content in a wide range of organic and inorganic samples. It utilizes a combustion process to analyze the elemental composition of the sample.
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Lab products found in correlation
5 protocols using 2400 2 chn elemental analyzer
1
Elemental Composition Analysis
2
Comprehensive food composition analysis
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Sample moisture contents were measured by heating at 105°C and cooling in a desiccator to a constant weight. The ash content was measured at 600°C. Crude fat was extracted by Soxhlet extraction with diethyl ether, with reference to an AOAC Standard Method (1980, 7.056). Crude protein and crude fiber contents were measured using a facility service at the Japan Food Research Laboratory. The crude protein content was determined using the Kjeldahl method with a conversion factor of 6.25. Crude fiber was calculated using the ceramic fiber filter method based on the report of Sawaya, Al‐Shalhat, AlSogair, and Al‐Mohammad (1985 ). Crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash contents were each measured at least twice to obtain analytical results within the experimental error range of 5% and average values. Elemental CHN composition data were obtained using a PerkinElmer 2400 II CHN Elemental Analyzer.
3
Soil and Climate Influence on Ecosystem
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The environmental parameters were geographic variables (latitude, longitude, and elevation) and meteorological data [mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT)] at each sampling site and soil properties [pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and the TC/TN ratio] for each sample. The meteorological data (MAP and MAT) were collected from the Chinese Meteorological Agency Database1 . Soil pH was measured by using an E20-FiveEasy pH meter (Mettler Toledo, Giessen, Germany), and the soil EC was calculated by using an electric conductometer. Both soil measurements used a soil water suspension (a 5:1 vol/vol mixture of deionized water and soil) after shaking for 30 min. Soil TC and TN were determined with a carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen elemental analyzer (2400 II CHN Elemental Analyzer; PerkinElmer, Boston, MA, United States). Meteorological data and soil properties are shown in Supplementary Tables 1 , 2 , respectively.
4
Comprehensive Soil Characterization and Analysis
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Total soil carbon and nitrogen were determined by combustion on a CHN elemental analyzer (2400 II CHN elemental analyzer, PerkinElmer, Boston, MA, USA). Total soil phosphorus was determined by the molybdenum blue method with a ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer (UV-2550, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Soil CaCO3 was analysed volumetrically on ground subsamples using a Calcimeter (Eijkelkamp, Netherland). Soil organic carbon was calculated as the difference between total soil carbon and carbon bound in soil CaCO3. The density of soil organic carbon, soil nitrogen, soil phosphorus and soil CaCO3 were calculated in the top 0–5 cm. Soil moisture was measured gravimetrically after ∼10-h desiccation at 105 °C. Soil available nitrogen (sum of ammonium, nitrate and dissolved organic nitrogen) were determined using a TOC-TN analyzer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). Soil pH was determined in a 1:5 ratio of fresh soil to deionised water slurry on a pH meter (Thermo 0rion-868).
5
Measuring Terrestrial Carbon Cycling
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We installed 10 litter traps (1×1 m 2 ) at each plot in July 2011. Litter was collected monthly during the growing season (April to November) from August 2011 until July 2014. After collection, litter was taken to the laboratory, oven dried at 65°C to a constant weight, weighed, and then annual litter production (Mg C ha 1 a 1 ) was calculated. We estimated dead root production (Mg C ha 1 a 1 ) using eq. ( 4) [14, 25] :
Litter production Root production Root biomass Aboveground biomass
. (4)
Woody debris production represents the losses from the mortality (that is, death of entire trees) per year. In addition, we measured the stocks of litter and woody debris by harvest and weight in July 2011. Sub-samples of litter and woody debris were air dried for 2 weeks at 25°C, and then ground and sieved (0.15 mm). The C concentrations of both litter and woody debris were determined using an Elemental Analyzer (2400 II CHN Elemental Analyzer; Perkin-Elmer, Boston, USA).
Litter production Root production Root biomass Aboveground biomass
. (4)
Woody debris production represents the losses from the mortality (that is, death of entire trees) per year. In addition, we measured the stocks of litter and woody debris by harvest and weight in July 2011. Sub-samples of litter and woody debris were air dried for 2 weeks at 25°C, and then ground and sieved (0.15 mm). The C concentrations of both litter and woody debris were determined using an Elemental Analyzer (2400 II CHN Elemental Analyzer; Perkin-Elmer, Boston, USA).
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