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18 protocols using 4 nitrobenzaldehyde

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Oxime Compounds

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All reagents, including (aminooxy)methane, acetone, acetaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, sodium chloride, aniline, sodium periodate, formaldehyde, and glacial acetic acid, were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Sweden). Aminooxy-FITC was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Sweden). The 1H NMR experiments were carried out on Jeol JNM-ECP Series FT-NMR system at a magnetic field strength of 9.4T, operating at 400 MHz. Lambda 35 UV/Vis spectrophotometer from PerkinElmer instruments was used for spectroscopic analysis.
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2

Synthesis of Substituted Benzaldehydes

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3-anisaldehyde (97%), 4-anisaldehyde (99+%), 3-tolualdehyde (98%), 3-nitroBenzaldehyde (99%), and 3-bromoBenzaldehyde (96%) were acquired from Acros organics (NJ, USA). 2-hydroxyBenzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate (99%), 4-hydroxyBenzaldehyde, 4-nitroBenzaldehyde (98%), 4-cloroBenzaldehyde (97%), 4-bromoBenzaldehyde (99%), ethyl vanillin (98%), piperonal (99%), and piperidine (≥99.5%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Benzaldehyde was obtained from Merck (Hohenbrunn, Germany) and Aldrich Co. (Milwaukee, WI, USA).
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3

Synthesis of Benzoxazepine Derivatives

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Reagents for synthesis: 2′-aminoacetophenone, 3′-aminoacetophenone, 4′-aminoacetophenone, benzaldehyde, 4-ethylbenzaldehyde, 4-formylbenzoic acid, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-(benzyloxy)- benzaldehyde, 4-(benzyloxy)-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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4

Analytical Ranking of Chemicals

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The chemicals of analytical ranking for example 2-Nitrobenzaldehyde, 3-Nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-Methyl-benzenesulfonylhydrazine, AgNO3, AuCl3, CdSO4, Co(NO3)2, Cr(NO3)3, HgCl2, NiCl2, Y(NO3)3, ZnSO4, EtOH, MeOH, NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4, and nafion (5% ethanolic solution) were purchased from the Sigma Aldrich company, and used as received. A mother solution of Y3+ (100.0 mM) was prepared from the purchased chemical, Y(NO3)3. A Stuart scientific SMP3 (version 5.0) melting point apparatus (Bibby Scientific Limited, Staffordshire, UK) was used to record the melting point (m.p.), and the reported m.p. was not corrected. 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectra were recorded on an AVANCE-III instrument (400 MHz, Bruker, Fallanden, Switzerland) at 300 k, and chemical shifts were reported in ppm with reference with residual solvent signal. FTIR spectra were recorded as neat on a Thermo scientific NICOLET iS50 FTIR spectrometer (Madison, WI, USA). UV-V is study was conducted using Evolution 300 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Thermo scientific). I-V method was carried out in order to detect Y3+ at a selective point using the modified 2-MNBBSH/GCE by Keithley electrometer (6517A, USA). Warning! Yttrium is poisonous. So, a minute amount of this chemical can be used for the preparation of the essential solution with care.
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5

Quantitative Cyanide Detection in P. aeruginosa

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P. aeruginosa strains were cultured overnight in LB broth at 37°C. Overnight cultures were diluted to an OD600 of 2 in LB broth. A 25-µl volume was spread onto a brain heart infusion (BHI; Fisher Scientific) agar plate and incubated overnight at 37°C. Following overnight incubation, 1 ml 4 M NaOH was placed into the inverted lid of each plate, and each plate was placed next to the inverted lid in an airtight plastic container for incubation at 30°C for 4 h (14 (link)). Samples and concentration standards were added to 96-well plate wells containing a 1:1 mix of 0.1 M 1,2-dinitrobenzene (Sigma) and 0.2 M 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (Sigma) dissolved in ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (Emsure) and incubated at ambient temperature for 20 min. Absorbance was read from each well at 578 nm. Cyanide concentrations for each sample were then determined based on line fit to the standard curve.
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6

Multifunctional Silica Nanoparticle Synthesis

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Dimethyl
sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.9%), toluene
(99.5%), and hexane (98.5%) were purchased from BDH. Anhydrous toluene
(99.8%), Reagent Plus acetone (≥99%), Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene
glycol) (Pluronic P123, average Mn ∼5800),
tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 99.0%), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA, 99.9%), hydrochloric acid
(37 wt %), ethanolamine (>98%), 5-amino-1-pentanol (95%), and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde
(4-NB, 98%) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. (3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane
(IPTMS, 97%), ammonium hydroxide (28 wt % in H2O), 3-amino-1-propanol
(99%), and 4-amino-1-butanol (98%) were acquired from Alfa Aesar.
1,4-Dimethoxybenzene (DMB, >99%) was produced by Tokyo Chemical
Industry
(TCI), and ethanol (99.5%) was produced by VMR Koptec.
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7

Synthesis of Substituted Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles

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Phenylhydrazine (97%), ethyl acetoacetate (99%), malononitrile (99%), 4-nitroBenzaldehyde (98%), furfural (99%), 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde (99%), 4-fluoroBenzaldehyde (98%), 4-chloroBenzaldehyde (97%), 4-bromoBenzaldehyde (99%), and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (TsOH) (ACS grade reagent, assay ≥ 98.5%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Benzaldehyde, 4-methylBenzaldehyde, 4-methoxyBenzaldehyde, aniline, ethanol, TLC (silica gel 60 F254), sulfuric acid (98%), hydrochloric acid (1 mol L−1), and ortho-phosphoric acid (85%) were purchased from Merck. Ethyl acetate (99.5%) and n-hexane (99.5%) were purchased from Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd (China).
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8

Histochemical Analysis of Lysozomal Proteinase Inhibitors

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The entire right and left LSG were removed immediately after slaughtering the animals and were fixed in 2% formaldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0 for 20 hours at 4°C. After that, they were washed in modified Holt's solution (20% sucrose and 1% gum Arabic in distilled water) for 48 hours at 4°C, frozen in liquid nitrogen and cryostat sections (10 μm) were prepared using cryotom Reichert-Jung 2000M (FRG). The sections were mounted on glass slides, covered with 0.5% collodione solution in amyl acetate (Sigma--Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany) and incubated in acetate buffer (pH 4.5) containing 0.5 mM of the substrate GPM-CAH and 0.1 mg/ml 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (NBA) for 70 minutes at 37°C. Finally, the sections were fixed in buffered 4% formaldehyde for 15 minutes at room temperature, slightly counterstained with hematoxylin according to the standard procedure and embedded in glycerol/jelly (1:1) (Dikov et al. 2000) . Control sections were prepared in the same manner, but the incubation medium was supplied with 1.0 µM TPPI specific inhibitor AAP-CMK. Detailed description of the histochemical method as well as the application of TPPI inhibitor can be found in Dimitrova et al. (2017a) . All the sections were studied under the microscopes Leica -DM 1000 and DM 5000B.
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9

Enzymatic Synthesis of Rare Sugars

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L-glucose, L-idose, L-sorbose and L-threose were from Carbosynth. D-fructose, D-glucose, D,Lglyceraldehyde (GAL), NADPH, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and D-ribose were from Sigma Aldrich. DTT was from Inalco. HNE was prepared as described [37] . All other chemicals were of reagent grade.
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10

Photosensitizer Synthesis and Characterization

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Anthracene, oleic acid, linoleic acid, acetonitrile, methylene blue (MB), DABCO, BHT, BHA, TBHQ, 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, 3-nitrobenzaldehyde, and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde were purchased from Merck or Sigma-Aldrich (Vienna, Austria) and Alfa Aesar (Karlsruhe, Germany) without further purification. 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(tolyl)porphyrin (H2TTP) and its ferric complex TTPFeCl were synthesized according to the literature [13 (link),14 (link)].
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