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Low glucose dulbecco s modified eagle medium dmem

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
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Low glucose Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) is a cell culture medium formulation. It provides a balanced salt solution and essential nutrients required for the maintenance of mammalian cells in vitro. The medium contains a reduced concentration of glucose compared to standard DMEM.

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7 protocols using low glucose dulbecco s modified eagle medium dmem

1

Barberry Fruit Extraction and Lecithin Production

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Fresh barberry fruits were purchased from the Birjand region, Iran. In order to keep the quality, they were kept at room temperature and shade dried. Rapeseed lecithin was produced in the laboratory using a low-temperature enzymatic process without using any organic solvent [14 (link)]. Acetic acid, acetonitrile, BF3/methanol, chloroform, methanol, hexane, 1-(4-Trimethylammonium-phenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatrien (TMA-DPH), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), [4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl] 2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were supplied from Sigma-Aldrich (France) and Fisher Scientific (France). Hoechst 33528 and calf thymus DNA solutions were purchased from Invitrogen, molecular probes (France). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity detection kit was obtained from Roche, Cat No. 11644793001, Sigma-Aldrich (France). All of the chemicals were analytical reagents.
Also, cell culture media and reagents included: alpha Minimal Eagle Medium (α-MEM, Lonza, Switzerland), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) low glucose (Gibco, France), Foetal Calf Serum (FSC, Sigma-Aldrich, France), L-glutamine (Gibco, France), Penicillin/Streptomycin (Gibco, France) and Fungizone ® (Gibco, France).
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2

Lipid-based Nanoparticle Delivery of microRNAs

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The methoxy polyethylene glycol-conjugated 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DSPE-MPEG) and soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC) were purchased from Lipoid GmbH (Germany); cholesterol, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT), NAHCO3 and fluorescent dye FAM (6-carboxyfluorescein) from Sigma-Aldrich Co (USA); and 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonio) propane (DOTAP) from Avanti Polar Lipids (USA). Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) low glucose, Glutamax® supplement, pyruvate, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) tablets, penicillin/streptomycin/amphotericin B and trypsine-EDTA were purchased from Gibco (USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Invitrogen (USA). The human bone marrow-derived hMSC line S1939 was sourced from Royan Institute, Iran. The mature miRNA sequence was obtained from the miRBase database (http://www.mirbase.org). MicroRNA oligonucleotide miR-302a and miR-34a were prepared ready-to-use from Qiagen, Germany.
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3

Characterizing Therapeutic Potential of hucMSCs

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Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, low-glucose) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco, USA. An enhanced BCA protein assay kit was obtained from Shanghai Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Antibodies against CD9, CD63, TSG101, TNF-α, CD206, CD31, and VEGF were obtained from Abcam, Cambridge, UK. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reagent was purchased from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) were gifted by the Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Hangzhou public translational platform for cell therapy, China. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mouse fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells were obtained from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats (male, 6 weeks, 200 ± 20 g) were purchased from Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China.
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4

Rabbit Tissue Preparation Protocol

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Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Gemini Bio-Products (Sacramento, CA). Low glucose Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and antibiotic-antimycotic were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and 10% neutral buffered formalin were purchased from MilliporeSigma (St. Louis, MO). New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Wilmington, MA). Lactated Ringer’s Solution (LRS), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution, and all other described surgical supplies and substances were purchased from Patterson Veterinary Supply (Devens, MA). Ultrapure water was obtained from a Millipore Super-Q water system (Billerica, MA).
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5

Investigating SGLT1 and GLUT2 in Glucose Metabolism

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Low Glucose Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), GlutaMAX-1, Trypsin-EDTA and nonessential amino acids were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Shanghai, China). Penicillin-Streptomycin Solution, Thiazolyl Blue (MTT) and Hank’s Balanced Salt Solutions (HBSS) were purchased from Solarbio Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). Fetal Bovine Serum was purchased from Gemini Biotechnology Company (America). 2 × PLUS SYBR Green qPCR Mix kit was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Rabbit polyclonal antibodies (Anti-SGLT1 and Anti-GLUT2) were obtained from Bioss Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Mv-3-glc and Mv-3,5-diglc were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Phloridzin and Phloretin were obtained from Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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6

Differentiation of H2K mdx Myoblasts

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H-2Kb-tsA58 (H2K) mdx myoblasts were cultured and differentiated as described previously.32,33 (link) Briefly, when 60–80% confluent, myoblast cultures were treated with trypsin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Scoresby, VIC, Australia) and seeded on 24 well plates pre-treated with 50 μg ml−1 poly-d-lysine (Merck Millipore), followed by 100 μg ml−1 Matrigel (Corning, supplied through In Vitro Technologies, Noble Park North, VIC, Australia) at a density of 2.5 × 104 cells per well. Cells were differentiated into myotubes in low glucose Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing 5% horse serum (Thermo Fisher Scientific) by incubating at 37 °C, 5% CO2 for 24 hours. Antisense oligonucleotides were complexed with lipofectin transfection reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific) at the ratio of 2 : 1 (w/w) (lipofectin : ASO) and used in a final transfection volume of 500 μl per well in a 24-well plate as per the manufacturer's instructions, except that the solution was not removed after 3 hours.
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7

Chondrocyte Culture and Characterization

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Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Gemini Bio-Products (Sacramento, CA). Low glucose Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM), antibiotic-antimycotic, minimum essential medium alpha (α-MEM), Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA assay kit, and proteinase K were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). ITS+ Premix was purchased from Corning (Corning, NY). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), ε-caprolactone, propargyl alcohol, Cp*Ru(cod)Cl, CDCL3 with 1% (v/v) trimethylsilane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA), ascorbic acid, dexamethasone, β-glycerol 2-phosphate, acetic acid, pepstatin A, iodacetamide, tris(hydroxymethyl aminomethane), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1,9-dimethyl-methylene blue (DMMB) zinc chloride double salt, and Costar Ultra-Low Attachment 24-well plates were purchased from MilliporeSigma (St. Louis, MO). 5-(and-6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine, succinimidyl ester (TAMRA) dye was purchased from AAT Bioquest (Sunnyvale, CA). Pacific Blue dye was purchased from AdipoGen Life Sciences (San Diego, CA). Arsenazo III assay kit was purchased from Pointe Scientific (Canton, MI). Ultrapure water was obtained from a Millipore Super-Q water system (Billerica, MA).
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