8 oxo dg

Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) was obtained from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was provided by Hangzhou Sijiqing Biological Engineering Materials Co. Ltd. (Hangzhou, China). Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit was obtained from Kaiji Biotechnology (Hangzhou, China). The kits for determination of LDH, caspase 3, DHE, DCF-DA, 8-Oxo-dG, protein carbonyl, MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and GSH were obtained from Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). MitoSOX Red and Rh123 staining were obtained from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR). Antibodies for cleaved caspase 3, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome C, UCP2, SOD2, NOX4, COX IV, P-FOXO3a, PCNA, BIM, P27KIP1, CAT, NRF1, TFAM, P-PGC-1α, PGC-1α, SIRT1, P-Akt, Akt, FOXO3a, acetylated lysine, and β-actin were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). All other reagents were purchased from Chinese suppliers.

Apelin 13 peptide was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) was obtained from Hyclone (Logan, UT, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Sijiqing Biotechnology (Hangzhou, China). Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit was obtained from Kaiji Biotechnology (Hangzhou, China). 8-Oxo-dG, MDA, SOD, GSH, CAT, IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, and IL-6 detection kits were purchased from Jiancheng Biotechnology (Hangzhou, China). 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and dihydroethidium (DHE) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies for P-AMPK, AMPK, GSK-3β, Nrf2, P-GSK-3β, P-ACC, ACC, NQO-1, HO-1, BCL-2, Bax, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 9, IP3, PLC, CaMKK, and β-actin were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit was purchased from Jiancheng Biotechnology (Hangzhou, China). All other chemicals used in this experiment were the purest grade commercially available.