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4 protocols using mouse monoclonal anti glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody

1

Immunostaining of Optic Nerve Head Cells

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Immunohistochemical or immunocytochemical staining for 7 μm wax sections of ONHs or cultured ONH astrocytes were performed as described previously (Ju et al., 2008 (link)). Five sections per wax block from each group (n = 4 ONHs/group) were used for immunohistochemical analysis. The primary antibodies included mouse monoclonal anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody (1:300; Sigma), guinea pig polyclonal anti-GFAP antibody (1:500; Advanced ImmunoChemical. Long Beach, CA), mouse monoclonal anti-neurofilament antibody (1:500; Sigma), mouse monoclonal anti-NR1 antibody (1:1000; BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA), rabbit monoclonal anti-NR2A antibody (1:100; Millipore, Billerica, MA), rabbit polyclonal anti-NR2B antibody (1:5000; Millipore), and mouse monoclonal anti-DRP1 antibody (1:1000; BD Transduction Laboratories, San Diego, CA). The images were acquired with a FluoView1000 confocal microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of ONH Astrocytes

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Immunohistochemical or immunocytochemical staining for 7 µm wax sections of ONHs or cultured ONH astrocytes were performed as described previously (Ju et al., 2008 (link)). Five sections per wax block from each group (n = 4 ONHs/group) were used for immunohistochemical analysis. The primary antibodies included mouse monoclonal anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody (1:300; Sigma), guinea pig polyclonal anti-GFAP antibody (1:500; Advanced ImmunoChemical. Long Beach, CA), mouse monoclonal antineurofilament antibody (1:500; Sigma), mouse monoclonal anti-NR1 antibody (1:1,000; BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA), rabbit monoclonal anti-NR2A antibody (1:100; Millipore, Billerica, MA), rabbit polyclonal anti-NR2B antibody (1:5,000; Millipore), and mouse monoclonal anti-DRP1 antibody (1:1,000; BD Transduction Laboratories, San Diego, CA). The images were acquired with a FluoView1000 confocal microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).
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3

Quantifying Neurogenesis and Apoptosis in Brain

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The tissue sections were subjected to microwave heat-induced epitope retrieval. After blocking with 4% goat serum in PBS containing 0.3% Triton X-100 for 1 hr, the sections were incubated with primary antibodies at 4℃ overnight. The primary antibodies included rat polyclonal anti-BrdU antibody (1:1,000; Abcam, UK), rabbit anti-doublecortin (DCX) polyclonal antibody (1:1,000; Abcam, UK), mouse monoclonal anti-neuron-specific nuclear protein (NeuN) antibody (1:1,000; Chemicon, USA), and mouse monoclonal anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody (1:800; Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA). The sections were then washed with PBS and incubated with secondary antibodies [fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) or tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate (TRITC)-conjugated IgG, or biotinylated IgG] for 2 hr at room temperature. To detect apoptosis of newly generated cells in the SGZ, the BrdU-stained sections were labeled using the terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, according to the instruction of in situ Cell Death Detection Kit (Roche, Germany), and negative/positive controls were also used according to the instructions. A laser confocal microscope (TSC SP2, Leica, Manheim, Germany) detected the fluorescence signals.
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4

Neuroprotective Compound Screening Protocol

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S1P [D-erythro-sphingosine-1-phosphate] was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipid (Alabaster, AL). FTY720 [2-amino-2-[2-(octyl-phenyl) ethyl]-1,3-propanediol hydrochloride] was kindly provided by Novartis AG (Basel). 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium (TTC), 3,3′-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB), fatty-acid-free BSA (FAF-BSA), mouse monoclonal anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody, anti-β-actin antibody, cresyl violet acetate, and protease inhibitor cocktail were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Silicon (Variotime) and Zoletil 50 were obtained from Heraeus Kulzer GmbH (Germany) and Virbac (Carros, France), respectively. Goat polyclonal anti-Iba1 and rabbit polyclonal anti-TNF-α antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) kit and Vectashield were purchased from Vector Laboratories, Inc. (Burlingame, CA). Fluoro-Jade B was purchased from Chemicon (Temecula, CA).
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