Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) reagent, gallic acid (GA), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,20-diazobis-(2-aminodinopropane)-dihydrochloride (AAPH), fluorescein, 2,20-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-triazine (TPTZ), iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3∙6H2O) and iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4∙7H2O), apigenin, kaempferol, (-)-epicatechin, ferulic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, avenanthramide C and secoisolariciresinol were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3) and glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOPOD) were provided by Megazyme (Wicklow, Ireland). Sodium acetate, chlorhydric acid and glacial acetic acid were obtained from PanReac AppliChem (ITW Reagents, Darmstadt, Germany). Solvents were HPLC grade (Sigma Aldrich Co., Madrid, Spain, and Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).
Avenanthramide c
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Avenanthramide C is a bioactive compound found in oats. It is a type of antioxidant that has been isolated and purified for use in laboratory research. The core function of Avenanthramide C is to act as a standard reference material for analytical and experimental studies.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Iron 3 chloride hexahydrate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ferulic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
P coumaric acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sinapic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Apigenin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Iron 2 sulfate heptahydrate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Amyloglucosidase ec 3, by Megazyme (2 mentions)
Glucose oxidase peroxidase, by Megazyme (2 mentions)
Lc ms grade formic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hplc grade water, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
1 2 dichlorobenzene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Avenanthramide a, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Avenanthramide b, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Avenanthramide d phyproof, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Avenacoside a, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hplc grade, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Epicatechin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Kaempferol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
5 protocols using avenanthramide c
1
Antioxidant Capacity Evaluation Assays
2
Antioxidant and Enzyme Assay Protocol
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Gallic acid (GA), Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) reagent, 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), fluorescein, 2,20-diazobis-(2-aminodinopropane)-dihydrochloride (AAPH), 2,20-azinobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3∙6H2O), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-triazine (TPTZ), iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4∙7H2O), Gallic acid, apigenin, ferulic acid, avenanthramide C, p-coumaric acid and sinapic acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3) and glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOPOD) were provided by Megazyme (Wicklow, Ireland). Glacial acetic acid, sodium acetate and chlorhydric acid were obtained from PanReac AppliChem (ITW Reagents, Darmstadt, Germany). The solvents were HPLC-grade (Sigma Aldrich Co., Madrid, Spain, and Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). Food-grade enzymes UltraFlo XL and Viscoferm were kindly provided by Novozymes (Bagsværd, Copenhagen, Denmark).
3
Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME) Standards
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For solid-phase microextraction (SPME), compounds used as standards were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. Ltd. (Gillingham, UK): 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10 ppm in methanol) and the alkane standards C6–C25 (100 μg/mL) in diethyl ester. Sodium chloride, and HPLC grade water, methanol and hexane, were obtained from Fisher Scientific UK. LC-MS grade formic acid (98–100%) and acetonitrile were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Standards avenanthramide A (i.e., 2p), avenanthramide B (i.e., 2f), and avenanthramide C (i.e., 2c), avenanthramide D phyproof®, and avenacoside A (>95%), were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Co. Ltd. (Gillingham, UK).
4
Avenanthramide C Inhibits Inflammatory Response
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Avenanthramide C was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States; cat. no. 36465) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (St. Louis, MO, United States; cat.no. D2650) used in doses of 1 μM. It has a purity of 98% by SDS-PAGE gel and HPLC analyses and the grade is analytic standard. Human recombinant TNF-α protein (Purity: 98%) was purchased from PeproTech (Rocky Hill, NJ, United States). Griess reagent (cat. no. G4410), Hoechst staining solution (cat. no. 94403), 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) (cat. no. M5655), Corning trans-well Wright-Giemsa stain solution and 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) (cat. no. D9542) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). p-ERK, ERK, p-p38, p-JNK, JNK and NF-kB were purchased from Cell signaling technology (Danvers, MA, United States). And, MMP-9, MMP-2, p38, β-actin, p-IkB and IkB antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Paso Robles, CA, United States).
5
Oat flour and protein isolate characterization
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Oat flour (grade 3, gluten free) was obtained from Glebe Farm Foods limited (Huntington, UK). Pea protein isolate (80% protein; K830) was kindly supplied by K2B limited (Cambridge, UK). Potato protein isolate (93.2% protein) was purchased from Avebe group (Veendam, The Netherlands). Food-grade enzymes, alpha-amylase (HT30K) and glucoamylase (300k) were from Enzyme Supplies Limited (Oxford, UK).
Solid-phase microextraction standards were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK): 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10 ppm in methanol) and alkane standards C 6 -C 25 (100 µg/mL) in diethyl ester. Sodium chloride, HPLC-grade water, methanol and hexane, were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). LC-MS-grade formic acid (98-100%) and acetonitrile were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), with standards avenanthramide A (i.e., 2p), avenanthramide B (i.e., 2f), and avenanthramide C (i.e., 2c), avenanthramide D phyproof ® , and avenacoside A (>95%) purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Gillingham, UK).
Solid-phase microextraction standards were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK): 1,2-dichlorobenzene (10 ppm in methanol) and alkane standards C 6 -C 25 (100 µg/mL) in diethyl ester. Sodium chloride, HPLC-grade water, methanol and hexane, were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK). LC-MS-grade formic acid (98-100%) and acetonitrile were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), with standards avenanthramide A (i.e., 2p), avenanthramide B (i.e., 2f), and avenanthramide C (i.e., 2c), avenanthramide D phyproof ® , and avenacoside A (>95%) purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Gillingham, UK).
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