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Fetal bovine serum (fbs)

Manufactured by Gemini Bio
Sourced in United States, Canada, Cameroon, United Kingdom, China, Switzerland, Holy See (Vatican City State)

Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) is a complex biological fluid derived from the blood of bovine fetuses. It is a widely used supplement in cell culture media, providing a rich source of growth factors, hormones, and other essential components to support the growth and proliferation of various cell types in vitro.

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1 100 protocols using fetal bovine serum (fbs)

1

Culturing Chicken B Lymphoma and Human Cell Lines

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The DT40 cell line is derived from chicken B lymphoma [22 (link)] and was cultured at 39.5°C with 5% CO2 in RMPI-1640 medium (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan) with glutamine (11875, Invitrogen, US) supplemented with 1% chicken serum (GIBCO-BRL, Grand Island, NY, USA), 10% heated-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) (100–106, Gemini Bio-Products, West Sacramento, CA), 50 μM mercaptoethanol (Invitrogen), 50 U/ml penicillin and 50 μg/ml streptomycin (Nacalai Tesque). Doxycycline was added at a final concentration of 100 ng/ml to inactivate the expression of the tetracyclin repressible promoter.
Human cell lines (obtained from American Type Culture Collection, ATCC) were maintained at 37°C with 5% CO2 in DMEM media (Nacalai Tesque) supplemented with 10% FBS (Gemini Bio-Products) for U2OS and MCF7 cell lines or in RPMI-1640 (Nacalai Tesque) with 10% FBS (Gemini Bio-Products) for HCC1937 cell lines.
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2

Cell Culture Conditions for Human Cell Lines

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CAL148 and MDA-MB-453 were grown in DMEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 11965–092) with 1 μg/mL EGF (Thermo Fisher Scientific, PHG0313) and 10% FBS (Gemini Bio Products, 100–106). HCC1806 (ATCC, CRL-2335) and HCC70 (ATCC, CRL-2315) cells were grown in RPMI + GlutaMAX (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 61870–036) with 10% FBS (Gemini Bio Products, 100–106). MCF10 (ATCC, CRL-10317) and HMEC cells were grown as previously described [83 (link)]. HaCaT (Cell Line Services, 300493), HaCaT C2 (single cell clone derived from parental HaCaT), HaCaT p63-/- (lack p63α expression as a result of CRISPR-Cas9 genomic editing of HaCaT C2 cells), 293FT (Thermo Fisher Scientific, R70007), and MDA-MB-231 (ATCC, HTB-26) cells were grown in DMEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 11965–092) with 10% FBS (Gemini Bio Products, 100–106). HDFn (ATCC, PCS-201-010) cells were grown in Medium 106 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, M-106-500) with 2% (v/v) Low Serum Growth Supplement (Thermo Fisher Scientific, S-003-10). All cell lines were grown in 100 U/mL Penicillin:Streptomycin (Gemini Bio Products, 400–109) and tested negative for mycoplasma (Lonza, LT07-418). HDFn cells were passaged using Trypsin-EDTA for Primary Cells (ATCC, PCS-999-003) and Trypsin Neutralizing Solution (ATCC, PCS-999-004). All other cells were passaged using 0.25% Trypsin-EDTA (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 25200–056).
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Cell Line Maintenance and Source

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HCT116, H1299, SK-HEP1, and U2OS cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bioproducts, cat# 900-108). HT-1080 cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bioproducts, cat# 900-108), and 1% non-essential amino acids (Sigma-Aldrich, cat# M7145). RKO cells were grown in McCoy’s 5A modified medium (Gibco, cat# 16600-082) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bioproducts, cat# 900-108). The HCT116 and RKO isogenic cell lines that were created by the deletion of a functional domain of p53 [43 (link)] were a gift from Dr. Vogelstein. The HT-1080 p53 KO, HT-1080 p21 KO and SK-HEP1 p53 KO cell lines were genetically engineered using CRISPR technology [19 (link)]. All other cell lines were obtained from ATCC.
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4

Cell Line Source and Culture Conditions

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Human esophageal adenocarcinoma cells OE33 were obtained from the European Collection of Cell Culture, while OE19 cells were obtained from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ in 2020, authenticated by STR pro ling. Both were grown in RPMI medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bio), 1% glutamine and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. HEK293T and HC11 cell lines were obtained from ATCC. HEK293T cells were cultured in the DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bio), 1% glutamine and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. HC11 were grown in RPMI supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bio), 1% glutamine and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. All cell lines were tested for mycoplasma contamination and propagated in growth media as speci ed by the providers.
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5

Cell Line Authentication and Culture

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Human EAC cells OE33 were obtained from the European Collection of Cell Culture, while OE19 cells were obtained from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ in 2020, authenticated by STR profiling. FLO1 and JH-EsoAd1 cells were a generous gift from other labs (see acknowledgments). EAC cell lines were grown in RPMI medium, supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bio), 1% glutamine, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. HEK293T and HC11 cell lines were obtained from ATCC. HEK293T cells were cultured in the DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bio), 1% glutamine, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. HC11 were grown in RPMI supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gemini Bio), 1% glutamine, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. All cell lines were tested for mycoplasma contamination and propagated in growth medium as specified by the providers.
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6

Culturing Mouse Melanoma and Colon Carcinoma

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B16F10 mouse melanoma tumor cell line was donated by Weihai Yin at Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. CT26 colon carcinoma cell line was donated by Yan Zhang at Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. B16F10 cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (GE Healthcare, Logan, Utah, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gemini Bio-Products, West Sacramento, California, USA), 100 units/mL penicillin and 100 µg/mL streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator. CT26 cells were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI)-1640 medium (Gibco, California, USA) supplemented with 10% FBS (Gemini Bio-Products), 100 units/mL penicillin and 100 µg/mL streptomycin at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator.
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7

Cell Line Authentication and Culture

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LAPC4 and CWR-22Rv1 were a generous gift of Dr. John Isaacs (Johns Hopkins University) and routinely authenticated using short tandem repeat profiling (DDX Medical). Cells were similarly tested twice a year for Mycoplasma contamination using the American Type Tissue Culture Universal Mycoplasma Detection Kit. LAPC4 cells were grown in IMDM (Hyclone) supplemented with 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco), 10% FBS (Gemini Bio-Products), and 1 nmol/L R1881 (Sigma-Aldrich). CWR-22Rv1 cells were grown in RPMI1640 (Gibco) supplemented with 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco) and 10% FBS (Gemini Bio-Products).
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8

Cell Culture Conditions for NSCLC Lines

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Human NSCLC H358, H1299, A549, H520, SK-MES-1, H1703 and normal human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were purchased from the China Infrastructure of Cell Line Resources. SK-MES-1 cells were cultured in Minimum Essential Medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) supplemented with 10% FBS (Gemini Bio Products), 10,000 U/ml penicillin and 10,000 μg/ml streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.). H520 cells were cultured in DMEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) supplemented with 10% FBS (Gemini Bio Products), 10,000 U/ml penicillin and 10,000 μg/ml streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.). The other cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.) supplemented with 10% FBS, 10,000 U/ml penicillin and 10,000 μg/ml streptomycin. BEAS-2B cells were cultured in Bronchial Epithelial Cell Medium (ScienCell Research Laboratories, Inc.) with 1% cell growth supplements (cat. no. 3962; ScienCell Research Laboratories, Inc.) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.). All cells were incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2.
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9

Culturing NSCLC Cell Lines for Migration and Invasion Studies

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The NSCLC cell lines SK-MES-1 [squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)] and A549 [adenocarcinoma (AC)] were purchased from The Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, lnc.) containing 10% FBS (Gemini Bio Products), 100 U/ml penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin in 5% CO2 at 37̊C. Before migration and invasion studies, lung cancer cells were cultured for 24 h in RPMI-1640 with 2% FBS.
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10

Murine Model for Tumor Immunogenicity

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All animal experiments were performed in accordance with Duke University’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee-approved protocol. Wild-type VMDk mice were bred in-house under pathogen-free conditions at Duke University Medical Center. Male 129S6 mice were acquired from Taconic Farms. For immunogenicity and tumor studies, 6–12-week-old mice were used. SMA560 tumor cells were cultured in IMEM-Zinc Option medium (Gibco) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Gemini Bio-Products) and 1× penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco). R10 medium consisted of RPMI (Gibco), 10% FBS, 1× MEM-NEAA (Gibco), and 1× penicillin–streptomycin. T-cell medium consisted of R10 medium with 1 mM glutamine (Gibco), 1 mM sodium pyruvate (Gibco), 50 μM beta-mercaptoethanol (Gibco), and 100 U/mL IL-2. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) buffer consisted of 1× PBS (Gibco) plus 2% FBS (Gemini Bio-Products).
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