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21 protocols using ftir nicolet 6700

1

FTIR Analysis of Hydrogel Scaffolds

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The chemical composition of hydrogel scaffolds was analyzed using FTIR spectra recorded on an FTIR Nicolet 6700 (Thermo-Scientific) diamond crystal spectrometer with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) sampling technique. FTIR spectra were recorded over the wavelength range of 700–4000 cm−1.
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2

Comprehensive Characterization of Synthesized Materials

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X-ray diffraction (XRD, Haoyuan DX-2700) was used to investigate the phase compositions of as-obtained products. Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Hitachi S-4800) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM 2100F) were applied to analyze the micromorphology of products and elemental analysis was performed on an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS, S-4800N, Hitachi). Surface characteristics and functional groups were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermo Fisher) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Thermo Fisher, FT-IR Nicolet-6700). The specific surface area and pore structure were obtained from N2 adsorption–desorption (Micromeritics ASAP 2020), calculated by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) model and density functional theory (DFT) method, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal gravity (DTG) were carried out under air with a temperature ramp of 10 °C min−1.
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3

Adsorption of Metal Ions in MOF Nanofibers

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The main raw materials including polyacrylonitrile (PAN), 4-methylimidazole-5-carboxaldehyde, taurine (TAUR), zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O), tetrahydrofuran (THF), cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), methanol, and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were procured from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Science and Technology Co.
The adsorption experiments were performed using an air-bath thermostatic shaking chamber (HZQ-F160, China). The quantification of metal ion concentrations after adsorption was ascertained employing ICP-MS, specifically the EXPEC 7000 instrument. MOFs NFs were fabricated utilizing an electrospinning apparatus (YFSP-T, China). The crystal structure analysis of the adsorbed materials was conducted through XRD (smartlab9, Japan), and the surface morphology and elemental distribution were observed using SEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific Apreo 2C) and EDS (X-Max, Oxford, UK). The surface functional groups were analyzed using FT-IR (Thermo Scientific FT-IR Nicolet 6700, Japan). The specific surface area and pore characteristics were accomplished through N2 adsorption–desorption analysis (Micro for TriStar II Plus 3030, USA). The chemical valence states of surface elements were examined through XPS (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Escalab 250Xi+ , USA) before and after adsorption.
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4

Characterization of Raw and ALA-grafted CaO

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Raw and ALA-grafted CaO was characterized using thermogravimetry (TG) with a TGA/DSC1 (Mettler Toledo, Greifensee, Switzerland) analyzer. Analyses were conducted in an inert gas atmosphere (argon, 50 mL/min) by heating the samples from 25 to 600 °C, with a heating rate of 10 °C/min. The mass losses obtained for raw and ALA-grafted CaO, were applied to calculate the content of ALA on the CaO surface, and consequently the efficiency of CaO modification. Analysis of evolved gas was performed using Setsys TG-DTA 16/18 analyzer (SETARAM Instrumentation, Caluire-et-Cuire, France) coupled to a Balzers (Pfeiffer, Aßlar, Germany) mass spectrometer.
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify impurities present in raw CaO. Measurements were carried out using a FTIR Nicolet 6700 (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) spectrophotometer. FTIR spectrum was obtained in the range of wavenumber from 4000 to 400 cm-1 during 128 scans. Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) technique equipped with a single reflection diamond ATR crystal on ZnSe plate was used for all measurements.
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5

NMR and IR Spectroscopic Characterization

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The 1H– and 13C–NMR spectra of the compounds were recorded on Varian VNMR S500 (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) at 500 MHz for 1H and 126 MHz for 13C. Chemical shifts were reported in ppm (δ) and were referred indirectly to tetramethylsilane via the signal of the solvent (2.49 for 1H and 39.7 for 13C in DMSO-d6). The infrared spectra were recorded with spectrometer FT-IR Nicolet 6700 (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) using the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) methodology on germanium crystal. Melting points (mp) were measured on Stuart SMP30 (Bibby Scientific Limited, Staffordshire, UK) using the capillary method. For compounds gained in small amounts, mp was measured using Kofler melting point apparatus with a microscope.
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6

FTIR Analysis of Lyophilized Formulations

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Attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectra (600–4000 cm–1) of lyophilized formulations were collected using
an FTIR Nicolet 6700 (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA) equipped with
an ATR accessory. l-Dopa and poly-l-dopa were measured
with a KBr disc using FTIR. All data sets were normalized to 900 cm–1.
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7

Carboxylation of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)

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PVP was carboxylated by partially hydrolyzing the pyrrolidone ring following a previously published method that allows an amount of ring opening of 15% [30 (link)] (Figure 1a). Briefly, 0.2 g of PVP (MW = 29 kDa, Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was dissolved in 10 mL of 0.1 N NaOH and heated at 140 °C for 48 h in a beam calorimeter (Parr Instrument Company, Moline, IL, USA). In order to prevent the closing of the opened pyrrolidone ring, its γ-amino butyric was methylated by adding 600 μL of 35% formaldehyde solution (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) followed by adjusting the solution to pH 9 and then cooling to 0 °C. Next, 1.5% of sodium tetrahydroborate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was added; the solution was stirred for 45 min at room temperature (RT) and then vacuum-dried at 60 °C overnight. Prior to use, the carboxylation of PVP was assessed by Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to monitor the ring opening and the presence of the carboxyl groups. FT-IR spectra were acquired with an FT-IR Nicolet 6700 (ThermoFisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) stage, with 64 scans per sample with a resolution of 4 cm−1.
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8

FT-IR Analysis of Bioinspired Assemblies

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Samples of bioinspired assemblies were frozen then freeze-dried. 2 mg of the resulting powder was mixed with 300 mg of KBr and a pellet of 1.5–2.0 mm thickness was pressed. Each pellet was analyzed in a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer (Thermo FTIR Nicolet 6700). Acquisitions were averaged from 16 scans in transmission from 4000 to 400 cm−1 with noise correction. Spectra were analyzed in Omnic 8.1; baseline was corrected and normalization was performed using the area under the spectrum analyzed.
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9

Comprehensive Characterization of Nanoparticles

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Functional group analysis was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR NICOLET 6700, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), and Raman spectra were obtained in an instrument equipped with a 785 nm laser source (Alpha 300 RA, WITec, Ulm, Germany). While, thermogravimetric analysis from room temperature to 700 °C was accomplished on a SDT 2960 Simultaneous DSC-TGA (TA Instrument, New Castle, DE, USA). The samples’ morphology was examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM JSM-7000F, JEOL, Akrishima, Japan). For SEM analysis, the different samples were dispersed in distilled water and then spread on a carbon tape slide. Once the sample had dried, a secondary electron image (SEI) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) study were performed. The samples’ distribution size was measured with dynamic light scattering (DLS) equipment (Nanotrack Wave II, Microtrac, Haan, Germany). In order to avoid nanoparticle agglomeration, nanoparticle samples were prepared immediately before their analysis [29 (link)]. For DLS analysis, nanoparticles and microspheres were dispersed (1 mg/mL) into previously filtered distilled water.
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10

Excipient Interaction Analysis via FTIR

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To determine the possible interactions of the formulation excipients, lyophilized samples were analysed by FT-IR using an FTIR Nicolet 6700 (Thermo Fisher Scientific ® , USA). The scanning range was 4000 -400 cm -1 .
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