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75 protocols using vacutainer cpt cell preparation tube

1

Isolation and RNA Extraction from PBMCs

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PBMCs were prepared using BD Vacutainer CPT Cell Preparation Tubes (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). The blood processing reported below was according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The tubes were centrifuged at room temperature for 20 min in a horizontal rotor at 1800 relative centrifugal force (RCF) within 1 h of blood collection. The plasma layer and the cells from both CPT tubes were transferred to one conical centrifuge tube. Phosphate-buffered saline was added to a final volume of 2 mL, the tubes were capped, and the cells were mixed by inversion. Subsequently, the tubes were centrifuged for 10 min at 4 °C and 1500–1800 RCF. The supernatant was aspirated and 1 mL TRIzol® reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was added to isolate total RNA according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Total RNA was frozen immediately in liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C. The quality of total RNA was determined using microfluidic electrophoresis (Bioanalyzer; Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA, USA).
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2

Isolation and Lysis of Mononuclear Cells

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Blood samples from the study subjects were collected into BD Vacutainer® CPT Cell Preparation tubes with sodium citrate (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ). After 30 min incubation at room temperature (RT), CPT tubes were centrifuged at 1800 × g for 30 min at 22°C, and the isolated mononuclear cells were collected. They were washed (1× PBS, 2 mM EDTA), centrifuged at 800 × g for 8 min at 22°C and resuspended in red blood cell lysis buffer (155 mM NH4Cl, 10 mM KHCO3, 2 mM EDTA). The cells were centrifuged at 200 × g for 5 min at 22°C, and the washes with lysis buffer were repeated if necessary. The purified mononuclear cells were washed twice with washing buffer by centrifuging at 200 × g for 5 min at 22°C. The cell suspension was lysed by suspending in RLT-buffer (RNeasy® Mini Kit; Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) containing 1%-β-mercaptoethanol (Sigma-Aldrich). The cell lysate was stored at −70°C.
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3

PBMC Isolation from Venous Blood

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For each subject, 8 mL of venous blood was collected into BD Vacutainer® CPT™ cell preparation tubes (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) containing 1 mL of Sodium Citrate and 2 mL of Ficoll. PBMCs were separated by gradient centrifugation according to manufacturer’s protocol. Freshly isolated PBMCs were immediately used for immunostaining or patch clamp experiments or frozen at −80 °C until RNA extraction.
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4

Vitamin D Status Monitoring in Infant Cohort

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Plasma from blood samples was drawn into light-protected tubes (BD Vacutainer®CPT™ cell preparation tubes) and analyzed at the Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. 25(OH)D concentration was measured using the ARCHITECT 25-OH vitamin D chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (3 (link)). The laboratory participates in the vitamin D external quality assessment scheme. Plasma samples for 25(OH)D were collected from visits at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age and then annually up or until and including the time of seroconversion for CDA-cases. Vitamin D status was categorized according to cut-offs previously used in pediatric populations, which are as follows: <30 nmol/L, 30–50 nmol/L, 50–75 nmol/L, and >75 nmol/L (30 (link), 31 (link)).
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5

Measuring PBMC Proliferation Using CFSE

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from venous blood using BD Vacutainer CPT cell preparation tubes. Proliferation was measured using a carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) cell division assay, as previously described [25 (link)]. The stimulation index (SI) was calculated by dividing the percentage of CFSElo cells in HBsAg-stimulated wells by the percentage in non-stimulated wells. Values below 1% CFSElo cells in non-stimulated wells were set to 1, to exclude unrealistic high values in SI due to division by values <1. The CD4+ T-cell response was considered positive if the SI was >2 and percent CFSElo cells in response to HBsAg was at least 5% above the background in non-stimulated wells.
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6

Epstein-Barr Virus Immortalization of Lymphocytes

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Blood samples were collected in BD Vacutainer CPT Cell Preparation Tubes containing sodium heparin (Le Pont-de-Claix, France). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected and processed according to the manufacturer's instructions, and lymphocytes were immortalized by infection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) as described [36 (link)]. Briefly, cell lines were established from freshly isolated or cryopreserved lymphocytes using standard EBV transformation protocols which include cell separation by gradient centrifugation and lymphocyte growth enhancement by 1% (v/v) of the mitogenic phytohemagglutinin-M (PHA-M, ThermoFisher Scientific, 10576015). Cell lines were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum, 2% l-glutamine, 20 units/ml penicillin and 20 µg/ml streptomycin in T75 flasks in 5% CO2 at 37°C. Cells were maintained at a density of 106 cells/ml, with cell density monitored every other day using trypan blue staining.
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7

Blood Fractionation for PBMC Isolation

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8ml whole blood was collected in BD Vacutainer® CPT Cell Preparation Tubes and processed within two hours according to manufactures guidelines [19 ]. Briefly, tubes were centrifuged at 1500g for 20 min at 22°C (with no brake) to fractionate the cells using gradient density centrifugation. The cell layer was washed twice with cold phosphate buffered saline before the PBMC pellet was snap frozen on dry ice and transferred to a -80°C freezer until analysis.
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8

Isolation and Analysis of Treg and Th17 Cells from Peripheral Blood

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From the peripheral blood of the patients, mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated with BD Vacutainer CPT cell preparation tubes (BD Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Immediately after isolation of PBMCs, staining of Treg and Th17 cells was performed with the human Th17/Treg phenotyping Kit (BD Pharmingen, Heidelberg, Germany) according to manufacturer’s staining protocol. Briefly, cells were washed with PBS and stained with markers against CD4, IL-17, and FoxP3 (PerCP-Cy5.5-CD4, PE-IL17 and Alexa Fluor® 647-FoxP3). Expression of cell surface or intracellular markers was assessed using a flow cytometer (FACS Canto II, Becton Dickinson, Heidelberg, Germany). A typical dot plot and the gating strategy are shown in Figure 4. The frequency of cells related to the total number of CD4+ cells was analyzed with FlowJo software: CD4+FoxP3+ cells were classified as Treg cells and CD4+IL17+ cells as Th17 cells.
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9

Cryopreservation of Human PBMCs

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Whole-blood samples were collected in BD Vacutainer CPT cell preparation tubes containing sodium heparin as the anti-coagulant (BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). The CPT tubes were processed within 2 h on at room temperature according to the manufacturer’s instruction. The purified PBMC cells were aliquoted in 90% FBS + 10% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) with cell concentration at >2 × 107 cells/ml per cryovial (0.75 ml per cryovial). To ensure stepwise temperature decrease37 (link), the cryovial were placed in Mr Frosty’ containers (Nalgene/Thermo Fisher, Rochester, NY, USA) with isopropyl alcohol medium in −80 °C freezers for 24–48 h. The cryovials were transferred quickly into liquid nitrogen for long term storage. The crypreserved PBMC samples were shipped with a dry-ice package to the Roswell Park Cancer Center and stored at −8 °C for flow sort sub-cell separation and RNA extraction within 1–2 weeks.
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10

Neonatal Endothelial Cell Isolation and Characterization

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Neonatal human dermal blood microvascular ECs (HMVEC), pooled HUVEC, growth medium and supplements were purchased from Lonza (Walkersville, MD). ECs were cultured at 37°C and 5% CO2. For all experiments, unless otherwise noted, HMVEC were grown on 10 μg/ml collagen until confluent for at least 24 h. For all biochemical experiments at least 104 mAb-coated beads were added per cm2. For all magnetic tweezer experiments at least 103 beads were added per cm2. Static force was applied by placing a ceramic magnet above the tissue culture dish for the specified length of time. Primary human neutrophils were isolated from donor blood drawn by BD Vacutainer ® CPT Cell Preparation Tubes (BD Biosciences) following the manufacture’s protocol. Briefly, whole blood was spun for 15 min at 15,000 g. The granulocyte and red blood cell fractions were recovered and the RBCs lysed. The remaining neutrophils were re-suspended in complete EC medium containing 1% Human serum albumin and 1 mM HEPES. Institutional Review Board for University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has approved all human subject protocols.
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