Pyridoxamine

For neutralization of FasL, TNF-α, or TRAIL, mAbs NOK-1 (Becton DIckenson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), J1D9 (Axxora, Farmingdale, NY, USA), or RIK-2 (Becton DIckenson), respectively, were used at 1 μg/mL. Inhibition of RIP1 kinase was achieved with 50 μM necrostatin-1 (EMD Millipore). Inhibition of RIP3 was achieved with 2 μM GSK'872 (EMD Millipore). Inhibition of acid sphingomyelinase was achieved with 20 μM desipramine hydrochloride (DPA, Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK). Iron chelation was achieved with 100 μM 2,2-bipyridyl (Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA). Inhibition of AGE formation was achieved with 1 mM pyridoxamine (Acros Organics, Waltham, MA, USA). For inhibition of Syk kinase, Syk kinase inhibitor IV, Bay 61-3606 (EMD Millipore) was used at 2 μM. Inhibition of Src family kinases was achieved with 1 μM PP1 (EMDf Millipore). Osmotic protection was performed with 10% dextran (500 000 MW) in DPBS.