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Dulbecco s phosphate buffered saline pbs

Manufactured by Corning
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Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is a balanced salt solution commonly used in various laboratory applications. It is a buffered isotonic solution that helps maintain the physiological pH and osmotic balance of cells and tissues during experiments. PBS is a versatile tool used for a variety of purposes, including cell washing, buffer preparation, and sample dilution.

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12 protocols using dulbecco s phosphate buffered saline pbs

1

CD4+ T Cell Plating and Induction

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Target
antigen was plated on 96 well, tissue culture-treated flat bottom
plates in Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (PBS, Corning)
for 2 h at 37 °C. Wells were then washed two times with PBS,
and 200 000 cells at a concentration of 1 000 000
cells/mL were plated overnight. To remove supplemental IL-2 prior
to plating, primary CD4+ T cells were washed two times and ultimately
plated with IL-2-negative media. Cells were plated with or without
4-OHT in accordance with their induction conditions.
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2

Photocurable Hydrogel Synthesis

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Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, MW=700 Da), butanediol diacrylate (BDDA), decylamine, isobutylamine, benzylamine, 2,4-Dimethoxybenzylamine, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Benzhydrazide and phenylacetic hydrazide were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was obtained from Corning.
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3

Fabrication and Characterization of Eudragit L100 Nanoparticles

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Eudragit® L100 was a gift from Evonik Industries (Essen, Germany). N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) (anhydrous, 99.8%), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) (30,000–70,000 g mol−1, 87–95% hydrolyzed), Tween® 20 (polysorbate 20), albumin–fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate (FITC-BSA), alkaline phosphatase (AP) from bovine intestinal mucosa (≥10 DEA units mg−1 solid), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (50% in H2O), alkaline phosphatase yellow (pNPP) liquid substrate system, and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) (anhydrous, ≥98%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP), Micro BCA Protein Assay Kit, and Karl Fischer titration reagents AQUASTAR CombiMethanol and Combititrant 5 were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (36.5%–38.0%) was purchased from Avantor Performance Materials (Center Valley, PA, USA). Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) was purchased from Corning Inc. (Corning, NY, USA). TMB substrate set was purchased from BioLegend (San Diego, CA, USA). Tris-HCl (Tris-hydrochloride, molecular biology grade) was purchased from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Sodium chloride (NaCl) was purchased from EMD Millipore (Gibbstown, NJ, USA). Ethanol (EtOH) (200 proof) was purchased from the University of Washington’s chemistry supply store.
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4

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell Surface Markers

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The contents of each well of the cell culture plate were transferred to a 5 mL polystyrene tube (12 × 75 mm) and centrifuged for 5 min (540× g). The supernatant was discarded, and the cell pellet was stained with the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) described in detail in Table 2. After a 10 min incubation period in the dark and at room temperature, cells were fixed via 10 min incubation with 1 mL of FACSLysing Solution (BD). Cells were centrifuged (540× g, 5 min) to discard the FACSLysing Solution and washed with 1 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, Corning, Manassa, VA, USA). Finally, the cell pellet was resuspended in 500 µL of PBS and immediately acquired in a FACSLyric flow cytometer (BD) using FACSuite acquisition software (v1.5.0.925, BD, San Jose, CA, USA).
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5

Chemical Reagents for Biochemical Assays

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The following chemicals were routinely used in this work: NaF (Sigma-Aldrich), NaVO4 (Sigma-Aldrich), β-Glycerophosphate disodium (Santa Cruz), Nonidet P-40 Substitute (NP-40) (Boston Bioproducts), iodoacetamide (Sigma-Aldrich), dithiothreitol (DTT) (Boston Bioproducts), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Corning), Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) (Corning), Tris-HCl (Roche), NaCl (Sigma-Aldrich), glycerol (Fisher Scientific), Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) (Boston Bioproducts) and Tween-20 (Boston bioproducts).
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6

ICG and EC-17 Dye Imaging Protocol

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Pharmaceutical grade indocyanine green (ICG) was purchased from Akorn, Inc. (IC-GREEN, NDC 17478-701-25). Animals were injected intravenously with 5.0 mg/kg 24 hours before imaging. Pharmaceutical grade EC-17 was kindly provided by On Target Laboratories, LLC (West Lafayette, IN). Animals were injected i.v. with 0.1 mg/kg 4 hours before imaging. For in vitro studies, serial dilutions were created in Dulbecco’s Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) from Corning (21-031-CV).
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7

ER Stress Induction and Conditioned Medium Treatment

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Transmitting cells as specified in each experiment were induced to undergo ER stress through treatment with Tg (300 nM) (Enzo Life Sciences) for 2 hours. Control cells were similarly treated with an equal volume of vehicle (0.02% EtOH). Cells were washed twice with Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Corning) and then incubated in fresh, standard growth medium for 16 hours. CM was then harvested, centrifuged for 10 min at 2000 rpm, filtered through a 0.22-µm filter (Millipore), and used to treat cells. For TERS priming, CM was generated from homologous cells unless otherwise specified.
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8

Cartilage properties and MRI parameters

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Cartilage mcDESPOT parameters were correlated with cartilage PG content, collagen content, and mechanical properties (Figure 1). Five frozen human cadaveric knees were obtained from Science Care, Inc. (Phoenix, AZ) with selection criteria including less than 60 years old; body mass index (BMI) below 30 kg/m2; no prior history of knee injury, pain, arthritis, or surgeries. Cadaveric knees that met these inclusion criteria were obtained from five cadavers (three male, two female) with a mean age of 40 ± 14 years (range 21–59) and a mean BMI of 21.4 ± 4.8 kg/m2 (range 15.9–27.4). Cadaveric knees were frozen at −20°C immediately after acquisition. Knees were thawed and underwent dissection to remove the intact patellae with the bone on the non-articular side cut to create a relatively flat surface. The patellar specimens were then wrapped in gauze soaked with Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (PBS, Corning Inc., Corning, NY) and stored at −20°C until MRI could be performed.
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9

Photocrosslinkable Hydrogel Synthesis

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Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, MW=700 Da), a tetrafunctional thiol, pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP), the photoinitiator, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO), poly(ethylene glycol) dithiol (PEGdt, MW=1 kDa) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The 8-arm PEG-amine (MW= 10 kDa) was purchased from JenKem USA. The photoinitiator, I2959, was obtained from BASF. PolyFluor 570, Methacryloxyethyl thiocarbamoyl rhodamine B was obtained from Polysciences Inc. AlexaFluor 488 C5 Maleimide was obtained from ThermoFisher Scientific. AlexaFluor 488 Carboxylic Acid, 2,3,5,6-Tetrafluorophenyl Ester, 5-isomer was obtained from ThermoFisher Scientific. Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was obtained from Corning. 2-(1H-7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate methanaminium (HATU) was purchased from AK Scientific Inc. N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), Dimethylformamide (DMF) and Dichloromethane (DCM) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
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10

Canine Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Differentiation

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Canine adipose-derived stem cells (cADSCs) were kindly provided by Prof. Oh-kyeng Kweon, Seoul National University [19 (link)20 (link)]. Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from CORNING (USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), antibiotic-antimycotic (Anti-Anti), 0.5% trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and insulin were obtained from Gibco BRL (USA). The compound IBMX, dexamethasone, rosiglitazone, E2, and GW9662 (PPARγ antagonist) were provided by Sigma (USA), while ICI182,780 (ER antagonist) was supplied by Tocris (USA).
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