Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis of the extracts was carried out using Shimadzu FTIR– 8400s Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, Japan. Hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of Carica papaya seed were oven-dried to get powders of the different solvent extracts used for FTIR analysis. The dried extracts powder (10 mg) were encapsulated in 100 mg of KBr pellet, to prepare translucent sample disc and analysis was carried out by scanning the samples through a wave number range of 400–4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1. The peak values of FTIR were recorded and possible chemical interactions were examined.
Ftir 8400s fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer
Manufactured by Shimadzu
Sourced in Japan, United States
The FTIR-8400s is a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer manufactured by Shimadzu. It is a versatile analytical instrument used to identify and quantify various chemical compounds by analyzing their infrared absorption spectra.
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6 protocols using ftir 8400s fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer
1
FTIR Analysis of Carica papaya Seed Extracts
2
Acriflavine Reaction Kinetics Analysis
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Acriflavine, Scheme 1 , and l-cysteine were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. Sodium chloride, NaCl, (BDH, United Kingdom, UK) was used to keep the reaction’s ionic strength constant. Calcium chloride, CaCl2, (BDH, UK) and sodium sulphate, Na2SO4, (May and Baker, Nigeria) were used to ascertain the effect of additives (added ion) on the reaction rate. Hydrochloric acid, HCl, (BDH, UK) was used to study the effect of [H+] on the rate of reaction. Acetone (May and Baker, Nigeria) was used to investigate the effect of solvent polarity (dielectric constant) on the reaction mixture. Hydrogen peroxide (BDH, UK) was used as part of the product analysis. Acrylamide with methanol (May and Baker, Nigeria) was used to check the participation of unstable atoms in the reaction. Kinetic investigations were performed with a SHERWOOD Colorimeter Model 254 and a Grant JB1 thermostated water bath was used to maintain the temperature. UV/Visible spectrophotometer (Double Beam Cary 300 Series UV–Vis Spectrophotometer, Agilent Technologies, USA) and FTIR (FTIR-8400S Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer, Shimadzu, Double Beam) were used for characterisation of acriflavine and reaction products.![]()
The structure of acriflavine (AF)
3
NMR, IR, and Chromatographic Analysis
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance spectrometer (400 MHz) for 1H-and (100 MHz) for 13C-NMR, internal standard was residual solvent signal with methanol as a solvent. The IR spectrum was measured on a Shimadzu FT-IR8 400S fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. For thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis, silica gel 60 F254 (Merck) was used, column chromatography was performed using Merck silica gel (60–120) mesh while gel filtration chromatography was performed using Sephadex LH-20 (Sigma, Spruce street, St. Louis, USA). Spots on TLC plates were visualized by spraying with 10% H2SO4 followed by heating at 100°C for 5 min.
4
Characterization of Organic Compounds
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Standard procedures were used to purify commercially available solvents and reagents. All melting points were determined using an uncorrected Melt-Temp apparatus. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed on aluminium plates with Silica Gel 60 F254 (Darmstadt, Germany, E-Merk, layer thickness of 0.2 mm) with UV light absorption detection. The IR spectra of the chemicals in a KBr matrix were recorded using an FTIR-8400s-Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer-Shimadzu (Wichita, KS, USA). The Bruker (Billerica, MA, USA) spectrophotometer (400 and 600 MHz) was used to perform the NMR spectra, with TMS serving as an internal standard. A Finnigan LCQ spectrometer was used to collect the ESI mass spectrum data, while a Finnigan (Boston, MA, USA) MAT 95XL spectrometer was used to perform the EI mass spectra. The elementar Analysen-system GmbH-Vario EL III Element Analyzer (Jyväskylä, Finland) was used for the CHN analyses. All the chemicals used throughout the manuscript were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA)
5
Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds
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Melting points were recorded on a Stuart Scientific SMP1 apparatus and are uncorrected. The IR spectra were measured using an FTIR-8400 s-Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer-Shimadzu. The NMR spectra were determined on Advance Bruker NMR spectrometer at 400 MHz with TMS as internal standard. The ESI mass spectra were measured by a Finnigan LCQ spectrometer.
6
FT-IR Analysis of Solvent-Extracted Oil
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FT-IR analysis of the solvent-extracted oil was performed using a Shimadzu FTIR-8400s Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (Kyoto, Japan). The FTIR spectrum was used to identify the functional groups of the active components based on the peaks observed in the infrared region. The extracted oil was encapsulated in a 100-mg potassium bromide (KBr) pellet to prepare a translucent sample disk and the analysis was carried out by scanning the samples across the wavenumber range of 400 to 4,000 cm−1.
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