HEK293T/17 cells from ATCC; DMEM with high glucose
with GlutaMAX supplement, fetal bovine serum, 0.25% trypsin-EDTA,
phenol red, puromycin, Lipofectamine 3000, and dimethyl sulfoxide
from Thermo Fisher Scientific; linear polyethylenimine MW 25000 from
Polysciences; RealTime-Glo annexin V apoptosis and a necrosis assay
kit from Promega; an EndoFree plasmid DNA midi kit from Omega Biotek;
antimycin a from Sigma-Aldrich; GC376 from Selleck Chem; boceprevir,
calpeptin, MG-132, telaprevir, and carmofur from MedChemExpress; ebselen
from TCI; calpain inhibitors II and XII from Santa Cruz Biotechnology;
MG-115 From Abcam; tideglusib, disulfiram, and PX-12 from Cayman Chemical;
chloroquine diphosphate from Alfa Aesar; hydroxychloroquine sulfate
from Acros Organics; and a fluorogenic MPro substrate DABCYL-Lys-Thr-Ser-Ala-Val-Leu-Gln-Ser-Gly-Phe-Arg-Lys-Met-Glu-EDANS
termed as Sub3 from Bachem. K777 was a gift from Prof. Thomas Meek
at Texas A&M University. The syntheses of MPI1–9 and 11a
were shown in a previous publication.15 (link)