Tetrachlorodibenzo p dioxin tcdd

The LiPan transgenic zebrafish line Tg(lfabp10a: DsRed; elaA:EGFP) was established previously in our laboratory [13] . 13 chemicals tested in the present study were purchased from different commercial sources: acetaminophen (Sigma, A7085), ethanol (Merck, 1.00983.2500), lindane/hexachlorocyclohexane (Sigma, H4500), mefenamic acid (Sigma, M4267), aspirin (Sigma, A2093), isoniazid (Fluka, I3377), phenylbutazone (Sigma, P8386), chlorphenamine or chlorpheniramine (Sigma, C3025), amoxicillin (Sigma, 10039), 17β-estradiol (Sigma, E8875), N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) (sigma, N0756), sodium hydrogen arsenate heptahydrate (Sigma, A6756), and 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) (Sigma, 48599).

The HaCaT cell line, an immortalized human keratinocyte cell line (Welgene, Daegu, South Korea), was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Lonza, Walkersville, MD, United States) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. Cultures were maintained at 37°C in a humidified CO₂ incubator (5% CO₂). HaCaT cells were treated with 10 nM 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) (Sigma–Aldrich) or 0.5 µM Benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) (Sigma–Aldrich) for 24 h. Exosomes were then isolated from TCDD- or BaP-treated HaCaT cells and utilized to stimulate recipient HaCaT cells at a concentration of 20 μg/mL for an additional 24 h.