X pert pro mrd x ray generator

XRD analysis was performed on an X’PERT PRO MRD X-ray generator (PANalytical, Almelo, The Netherlands) with the following characteristics: tube voltage = 35 kV, tube current = 20 mA., vacuum pressure = (1/2) mbar, slit width = 80 μm, counter slit width = 250 μm, wavelength of Cu kα radiation λ = 1.5418 A⁰, the counter- sample distance A = 20 cm, capillary diameter (d) = 1 mm, working temperature 22.5 ± 0.5 °C. Monochromatic Cu kα (λ = 1.54 A⁰) radiation was obtained with a nickel filter of 10 μm thickness, used to irradiate acrylic fibers packed in a Mark capillary tube(Capillary Tube Supplies Ltd., Rose Cottage, United Kingdom) of 1 mm diameter.

XRD analysis used a X’PERT PRO MRD X-ray generator (produced by PANalytical, Almelo, The Netherlands) with a copper target, for collection of intensity data. The identical experimental conditions were maintained for all the samples tested in this paper. Monochromatic Cu-Kα radiation (λ = 1.54 Å) was obtained using a 10 μm-thick nickel filter to irradiate cotton fibers packed in Mark capillary tube of 1 mm diameter.
The results were interpreted by X’PERT PRO MRD software (Almelo, The Netherlands) and in the end, the material diffractogram was obtained. The “Gaussian + linear” method was used to determine the crystallinity of five samples: control sample, S10, S12, S14 and S15.
This method is based on the Gaussian peak fitting with a linear background and includes a larger scattering angle region, from 2θ₁ = 13° to 2θ₂ = 50°. The crystallinity index (CrI) was calculated as the ratio between the area of the crystalline contribution and the area under the sample intensity curve [44 (link)]. CrI is dimensionless, but if the reporting is done at 100, then this index can be expressed as a percentage [45 ].