1 2 dimyristoyl sn glycero 3 phosphocholine

Manufactured by Avanti Polar Lipids

Sourced in United States

1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a synthetic phospholipid commonly used in research applications. It is a common component of cell membranes and can be used to model lipid bilayers.

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2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (2 citations)

133 protocols using 1 2 dimyristoyl sn glycero 3 phosphocholine

Formulation and Characterization of DMPC-Based Nanocarriers

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1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipid Inc. (Alabaster, AL, USA). The cholesterol (CHOL) and soybean oil were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The zein (Zein DP, Showa Sangyo, Tokyo, Japan) was kindly provided by Richwood Trading Company Ltd. (Seoul, Korea). The ICG was obtained from Dongindang Pharmaceutical (Siheung, Kyunggi-Do, Korea). The d-glucose (dextrose) was bought from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 -diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was obtained from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA). All other materials were of reagent grade and used without further purification.

Lee E.H., Lee M.K, & Lim S.J. (2021). Enhanced Stability of Indocyanine Green by Encapsulation in Zein-Phosphatidylcholine Hybrid Nanoparticles for Use in the Phototherapy of Cancer. Pharmaceutics, 13(3), 305.

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Lipid-based Nanomedicine Formulation

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2-HydroxyOleic acid (sodium salt, 2OHOA), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipid Inc. (Alabaster, AL). Oleic acid and ATRA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Inc. (St. Louis, MO). Mitoxantrone dihydrochloride was bought from Tocris Bioscience Inc. (Bristol, UK). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was obtained from Amresco (Solon, OH). Paclitaxel was purchased from LC Laboratories (Boston, MA). All other chemicals were of reagent grade and used without further purification.

Jang E.J., Choi W.R., Kim S.Y., Hong S.S., Rhee I., Lee S.J., Choi S.W., Choi H.G, & Lim S.J. (2017). 2-Hydroxyoleic acid-inserted liposomes as a multifunctional carrier of anticancer drugs. Drug Delivery, 24(1), 1587-1597.

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Chitosan-based Nanomaterial Synthesis

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Chitosan, 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), succinic anhydride, Pluronic^® F127 and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) were purchased from Aldrich (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA). All other reagent grade chemicals and solvents were used as received and were obtained from commercial sources.

Olguín Y., Campos C., Catalán J., Velásquez L., Osorio F., Montenegro I., Madrid A, & Acevedo C. (2017). Effects of Liposomes Contained in Thermosensitive Hydrogels as Biomaterials Useful in Neural Tissue Engineering. Materials, 10(10), 1122.

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Diacetylene Monomer Extraction and Characterization

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Diacetylene monomer, 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA), was purchased from Spectrum Chemicals (Gardena, CA), and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) was obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Organic solvents and PVDF transfer membranes (EMD Millipore, 0.45 µm) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA). Anti-X. fastidiosa antibody was purchased from Agdia (Elkhart, IN). PD3 media, Luria-Bertani (LB) media, and LB agar were obtained from Difco Laboratories (Detroit, MI). All other compounds are research grade and were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).

Wen J.T., Viravathana P., Ingel B., Roper C, & Tsutsui H. (2017). Polydiacetylene-Coated Sensor Strip for Immunochromatic Detection of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. fastidiosa. SLAS technology, 22(4).

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Lipid Bilayer Formation and Characterization

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The lipids used in the study were 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids; porcine globotriaosylceramide (Gb 3 ) was purchased from Matreya LLC. The Shiga toxin B unit (STxB) was supplied by Prof. Ludger Johannes, Institut Curie, UMR144 Curie/ CNRS, Paris, France. 8 All lipids were dissolved in methanol before sample preparation. All used chemicals were of HPLC grade quality and Milli-Q water was used for the buffer preparation. HEPES buffer (5 mM, 150 mM NaCl), pH7.0 was prepared by mixing HEPES acid, HEPES base and NaCl components. Muscovite mica from Plano GmbH (Germany) was cut into approx. 10 Â 10 mm 2 pieces, freshly cleaved, and used as a substrate.

Solovyeva V., Johannes L, & Simonsen A.C. (2015). Shiga toxin induces membrane reorganization and formation of long range lipid order. Soft matter, 11(1).

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Lipid and Compound Preparation for Biophysical Studies

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1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(DMPC), 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(DOPC), and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (DPPS, sodium salt) powders were purchased from Avanti
Polar Lipids (purity certified by the supplier >99%), whereas palmitic
acid (PA), stearic acid (SA), oleic acid (OA), elaidic acid (EA),
linoleic acid (LA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), as well as nisin
(lyophilized powder containing ∼2.5% w/w nisin), solvents,
and the other chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. The lipids
were of the highest available purity (≥99%) and were used without
further purification. All solvents were of analytical grade.

Saitta F., Motta P., Barbiroli A., Signorelli M., La Rosa C., Janaszewska A., Klajnert-Maculewicz B, & Fessas D. (2020). Influence of Free Fatty Acids on Lipid Membrane–Nisin Interaction. Langmuir, 36(45), 13535-13544.

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Antimicrobial Peptide Purification and Characterization

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Magainin 2 (GIGKFLHSAKKFGKAFVGEIMNS-NH₂) and pleurocidin (GWGSFFKKAAHVGKHVGKAALTHYL-NH₂) were purchased from Pepceuticals Ltd (Nottingham, UK) as desalted grade. Further HPLC purification was performed using acetonitrile/water gradients using either a Waters Symmetry™ C8, 5 μm, 7.8 × 100 mm column or a Waters SymmetryPrep™ C8, 7 μm, 19 × 300 mm column. The lipids 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3- phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (DMPG), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (POPG), 1-palmitoyl_d31-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (POPG-d31) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE) were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL) and used without further purification. All other reagents were analytical grade or better.

Amos S.B., Vermeer L.S., Ferguson P.M., Kozlowska J., Davy M., Bui T.T., Drake A.F., Lorenz C.D, & Mason A.J. (2016). Antimicrobial Peptide Potency is Facilitated by Greater Conformational Flexibility when Binding to Gram-negative Bacterial Inner Membranes. Scientific Reports, 6, 37639.

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Lipid-based Nanoparticle Delivery of Anti-cancer Agents

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Paclitaxel (PTX), docetaxel (DTX) and lomustine (CCNU) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich with purity over 99% (St. Louis, MO). ApoA-I mimetic peptides 22A (PVLDLFRELLNELLEALKQKLK) were synthesized by Genscript Inc. (Piscataway, NJ). The purity of peptide was determined to be over 95% by the reverse phase HPLC. 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and egg sphingomyelin (SM) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Fluorescent dyes (DiO and DiR) were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). Additional reagents used were of analytical grade and obtained from commercial suppliers.

Kadiyala P., Li D., Nuñez F.M., Altshuler D., Doherty R., Kuai R., Yu M., Kamran N., Edwards M., Moon J.J., Lowenstein P.R., Castro M.G, & Schwendeman A. (2019). High Density Lipoprotein-Mimicking Nanodiscs for Chemo-Immunotherapy against Glioblastoma Multiforme. ACS nano, 13(2), 1365-1384.

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Liposome Preparation with Lipid Components

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1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) , 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine-N-［methoxy (polyethylene glycol) -2000］ ( mDSPE-PEG 2000 ) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids and used with no purification. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) in tablet form (pH 7.4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Company Ltd. All the solvents used in the analysis were of analytical grade and were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Company Ltd. Water used in the process of liposome preparation was of milli-Q grade with resistivity 18.2 MΩ.cm -1 .

da Costa O.M.M.M., Firmino P.C.O.S., Strapasson G.B., de la Torre L.G., Malfatti-Gasperini A.A, & Júnior S.A. (2022). One-step Production of Sterically Stabilized Anionic Nanoliposome Using Microfluidic Device. Journal of oleo science, 71(4).

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Lipid Bilayer Preparation and Functionalization

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1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PLinPC), 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-(9′-oxo-nonanoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POxnoPC), cholesterol, 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(cap biotinyl) (Biotin-DPPE), and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl) (Rhodamine-DPPE) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. Avidin and succinimidyl 6-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)Hexanoate (NBD NHS-ester) were obtained from Invitrogen. Amino-dPEG12-alcohol was purchased from Quanta Biodesign. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) was purchased from Dow Chemical, and the indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass was obtained from Delta Technologies. α-tocopherol and all other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.

Runas K.A, & Malmstadt N. (2015). Low levels of lipid oxidation radically increase the passive permeability of lipid bilayers. Soft matter, 11(3), 499-505.

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