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Pgn bs

Manufactured by InvivoGen
Sourced in United States

The PGN-BS is a lab equipment product designed for cellular stimulation. It functions to activate cells by presenting peptidoglycan, a component found in bacterial cell walls. The core purpose of this product is to induce a cellular response through peptidoglycan exposure.

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4 protocols using pgn bs

1

PGLYRP1 Activation of TREM-1 Signaling

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Example 9

To test if recombinant PGLYRP1 can activate a TREM-1 response, the BWZ/hTREM-1 reporter cell line was seeded into black 96 well plates and stimulated with recombinant human PGLYRP1 (Cat, no. 2590-PG-050, R&D Systems: Minneapolis, Minn.) in the presence or absence of 10 μg/ml PGN. TREM-1 activation was read out after 24 hours of culture using the BetaGlo reagent (Cat. no. E4720, Promega Madison, Wis., USA) and luminescence measured using a TopCount Luminescence counter from Perkin Elmer. As shown in FIG. 5A, stimulation of the TREM-1 reporter cell line with PGLYRP1 induced a dose-dependent activation of TREM-1 in the presence of PGN. Several different PGN were tested, including PGN-EC (from E. coli), PGN-SA (from S. aureus) and PGN-BS (from B. subtilis) (Invivogen, San Diego, Calif., USA), and were all able to fascilitate the PGLYRP1-induced TREM-1 response.

The response induced by recombinant PGLYRP1 could be inhibited by addition of a recombinant TREM-1-Fc-fusion protein (SEQ ID NO: 2) (FIG. 5B) or by addition of polyclonal anti-PGLYRP1 antibody (Cat. no. AF-2590, R&D Systems: Minneapolis, Minn., USA) confirming that PGLYRP1 is the TREM-1 ligand and that soluble TREM-1 and anti-PGLYRP1 are potentially useful as TREM-1 antagonists.

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2

PGLYRP1 Activates TREM-1 in the Presence of PGN

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Example 9

To test if recombinant PGLYRP1 can activate a TREM-1 response, the BWZ/hTREM-1 reporter cell line was seeded into black 96 well plates and stimulated with recombinant human PGLYRP1 (Cat. no. 2590-PG-050, R&D Systems: Minneapolis, Minn.) in the presence or absence of 10 μg/ml PGN. TREM-1 activation was read out after 24 hours of culture using the BetaGlo reagent (Cat. no. E4720, Promega Madison, Wis., USA) and luminescence measured using a TopCount Luminescence counter from Perkin Elmer. As shown in FIG. 5A, stimulation of the TREM-1 reporter cell line with PGLYRP1 induced a dose-dependent activation of TREM-1 in the presence of PGN. Several different PGN were tested, including PGN-EC (from E. coli), PGN-SA (from S. aureus) and PGN-BS (from B. subtilis) (Invivogen, San Diego, Calif., USA), and were all able to fascilitate the PGLYRP1-induced TREM-1 response.

The response induced by recombinant PGLYRP1 could be inhibited by addition of a recombinant TREM-1-Fc-fusion protein (SEQ ID NO: 2) (FIG. 5B) or by addition of polyclonal anti-PGLYRP1 antibody (Cat. no. AF-2590, R&D Systems: Minneapolis, Minn., USA) confirming that PGLYRP1 is the TREM-1 ligand and that soluble TREM-1 and anti-PGLYRP1 are potentially useful as TREM-1 antagonists.

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3

Investigating TLR2 Agonists on Intestinal Barrier

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IPEC-J2 cell monolayer was treated with 2 μg/mL of DON (Sigma, Missouri, USA) for 24, 48 or 72 h. To evaluate the effect of TLR2 agonists on the barrier function, IPEC-J2 cells were pretreated with 10 μg/mL of LTA from B. subtilis (LTA-BS; Invivogen, San Diego, USA), PGN from B. subtilis (PGN-BS; Invivogen), Pam3CSK4 (Pam3Cys-SKKKK; Invivogen) or complete medium as a control for 24 h before DON treatment. In some experiments, 10 μg/mL of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (Cell signaling, Massachusetts, USA) or 20 μg/mL of anti-TLR2 neutralizing antibody (eBioscience, San Diego, USA) was treated prior to the treatment with TLR2 ligands.
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4

TLR Ligand Stimulation of Differentiated Cells

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After differentiation and treatment with FS, the cells were stimulated with TLR ligands in complete media; Iscove’s media (Merck, Kenilworth, NJ) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Biological Industries, Beit HaEmek, Israel), 200 mmol/L L-glutamine (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), and 50 μg/mL gentamicin. For stimulation, complete media containing 10 ng/mL LPS (LPS-EK), 10 ug/mL PGN (PGN-BS), 50 ng/mL flagellin (FLA-ST), or 5 umol/L CpG oligonucleotides (ODN2006) was added (all Invivogen). After 24 hours of stimulation, the supernatants were collected and stored at -20°C. The cells were collected and used either for flow cytometry or for quantitative PCR analysis.
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