Cell culture dishes

African green monkey kidney epithelial cell-like COS-7 cells (Human Health Science Research Resource Bank, Osaka, Japan) were cultured on cell culture dishes (Greiner, Oberösterreich, Germany) in a culture medium consisting of Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Thermo Fisher Scientific) containing 10% heat-inactivated FBS and PenStrep reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific) in 5% CO₂ at 37 °C [12 (link),13 (link),14 (link),15 (link)].
Cells from the oligodendroglial FBD-102b cell line (a mouse brain neuronal stem cell line) were kindly provided by Dr. Y. Tomo-oka (Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan). These FBD-102b cells were cultured on cell culture dishes in a culture medium consisting of DMEM/Nutrient Mixture F-12 containing 10% heat-inactivated FBS and PenStrep reagent in 5% CO₂ at 37 °C [13 (link),14 (link),15 (link)]. To induce differentiation, FBD-102b cells were cultured for several days in the same culture medium without FBS on cell culture dishes (Greiner) with advanced TC polymer modification in 5% CO₂ at 37 °C [13 (link),14 (link),15 (link)]. Cells with myelin-like wide membranes bearing multiple processes from the cell bodies, i.e., with cellular surface areas of 50-square-micrometers, were identified as differentiated [13 (link),14 (link),15 (link)].

Thickness corrected glass coverslips (d=170±10 μm, Assistent, Karl Hecht KG, Sondheim, Germany) were cleaned by the following detergent treatment: ultrasonication in 2% Hellmanex solution (Hellma, Müllheim, Germany) for 10 min, flushing thoroughly with ultrapure water produced by a water purification system (Milli-Q Gradient A10, Millipore, San Francisco, CA) and again ultrasonication (2 × 10 min) in ultrapure water followed by repeated flushing with ultrapure water. To prevent unspecific interactions in GUV and RBC experiments, bare glass was passivated by incubation with 5 mg ml⁻¹ bovine serum albumin (BSA, Sigma, Saint Louis, MO, USA) for 15 min. For macrophages, cell culture dishes (3-cm diameter, Greiner, Solingen, Germany) with thickness corrected glass coverslips were pre-coated with 10 μg ml⁻¹ human fibronectin (BD Biosciences, Bedford, USA) in PBS for 30 min at 37 °C. In all cases, excess protein was removed by exchanging the buffer in a series of 10 washing steps.

Dulbecco’s modified Eagles’ medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Cardamonin and cinnamaldehyde were obtained from the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China). GSK1016790A, Ruthenium Red, Amiodarone, A-967079, and 2APB were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Other chemicals were also obtained from Sigma-Aldrich if not stated otherwise. Cell culture dishes and 96-well microplates were acquired from Greiner (Frickenhausen, Germany).