Cirrus hd oct 5000

The preoperative examinations included the routine assessment of visual acuity, fundoscopy, tonometry, corneal topography (Pentacam HR, OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), B scans, optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular scan (Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000, Carl Zeiss AG, Jena, Germany), and the measurement of AL (IOLMaster 500, version 7.7, Carl Zeiss AG). All patients underwent successful cataract surgery with the same type of intraocular lens implanted. Follow-up examinations were also performed one month after cataract surgery, including the assessment of visual acuity, manifest refraction, tonometry, OCT macular scan, fundus photography, and MAIA microperimetry.

From a developmental perspective, the retina is part of the brain and therefore considered as an accessible “window to the brain” (81 (link)). Moreover, pioneer studies and meta-analyzes have reported retinal alterations in psychiatric disorders (82–85 (link)). Therefore, CDP phenotyping includes an assessment of retinal anatomy by optical coherence tomography (OCT), of retinal microvasculature by OCT angiography (OCT-A), and of retinal electrophysiology by electroretinography (ERG). Before the retinal assessments, refraction and visual acuity are determined with an OCULUS/NIDEK AR 1-s autorefractor (OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) and intraocular pressure is measured with an OCULUS/NIDEK Tonoref II (OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). OCT and OCT-A are performed on a ZEISS CIRRUS HD-OCT 5000 with AngioPlex (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany), and ERG is performed with a mobile RETeval electroretinograph (LKC Technologies, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD, United States).

Preoperative examinations included assessment of visual acuity, tonometry, measurement of axial length (IOLMaster 500, Version 7.7; Carl Zeiss AG, Jena, Germany), funduscopy, B scans, and macular scans with optical coherence tomography (OCT; Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000; Carl Zeiss AG). Corneal topography was performed with the Pentacam system (Pentacam HR, Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany), and the steep meridian of the anterior corneal astigmatism was recorded. Follow-up included assessment of visual acuity, manifest refraction, tonometry, funduscopy, retinal photography, MAIA microperimetry, and an OCT macular scan.

This was a cross-sectional study of type II diabetics who presented to the University of Louisville for routine screening and/or monitoring exams in 2014, 2015, and 2018. Inclusion criteria were age 18 or older, diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II, and clear media allowing for OCT imaging. Exclusion criteria were inability to image the macula, posterior staphylomas (because of confounding effects on OCT images), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and concurrent retinovascular disease that might confound diagnosis. A full dilated eye exam was conducted by an attending retina specialist. All patients were diagnosed clinically as having no DR or DR based on dilated fundus exam, with DR further subdivided into the typical clinical categories of mild, moderate, or severe. OCT scans (Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, USA) of a 6 × 6 mm area of the macula of both eyes were performed. Fluorescein angiography was performed only in an ad hoc fashion per the discretion of the attending physician and was not a standard part of the study protocol. This study was approved by the institutional review board of the University of Louisville, and was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Our developed CAD system was trained and tested on 3D-OCT volumes. Each OCT volume, which comprised five OCT image scans, was acquired for each eye (left and right). The data’s dimensions were equal to 1024 × 1024 × 5. This information was obtained using a Zeiss-Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 in the ophthalmology department of the University of Louisville (UofL) Hospital. The UofL Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved the acquisition and data collection. The study complied with the Helsinki Declaration. The dataset consisted of 188 cases (100 normal and 88 DR) with a minimum strength of signals of 7/10. Physicians with expertise in retinal diseases performed fundus exams to detect the disease.

OCT was performed with Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., USA) after pharmacologic mydriasis with 1% tropicamide. Only high-quality images (signal strength ≥ 7) were included. Each participant underwent optic disc cube 200 × 200 scan to measure RNFL thickness. The scan protocol included a peripapillary circular scan with a diameter of 3.4 mm centered on the disc. The built-in software allows the mapping of the thickness data according to both quadrant-by-quadrant and clock-hour analyses. RNFL thickness in the superior, inferior, nasal and temporal quadrants of the optic disc were collected.