Modular p chemistry analyzer

Manufactured by Roche/Hitachi

Sourced in Germany

The Modular P Chemistry Analyzer is a laboratory instrument designed for the automated analysis of various chemical analytes. It is a modular system that can be customized to meet specific laboratory requirements. The core function of the Modular P is to perform quantitative measurements of chemical compounds in biological samples, such as blood, urine, or other bodily fluids.

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26 protocols using modular p chemistry analyzer

Evaluating Kidney Function and Cardiovascular Risk

Cited 2 times

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Serum creatinine concentration was used to calculate eGFR according to the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration equation.¹⁷ (link) Serum creatinine concentration was calibrated to isotope dilution using mass spectrometry. Urine albumin concentration was measured with the BNII ProSpec (Siemens, Inc., Munich, Germany). Urine creatinine concentration was measured by the Jaffe method on the Modular P chemistry analyzer (Roche/Hitachi, Basel, Switzerland). We adjusted for urine albumin and urine creatinine concentrations separately in multivariable models, whereas albuminuria was expressed as UACR in descriptive statistics.¹⁸ (link)
Sociodemographics and aspects of medical history were self-reported at the baseline interview. Prevalent cardiovascular disease was defined as self-reported stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, angioplasty, arterial stenting, or as evidence of past myocardial infarction on electrocardiography. Blood pressure was defined as the average of 2 measures taken on seated participants after a 5-minute rest. Use of medications for hypertension was obtained by self-report. Body mass index was determined using measured height and weight.

Amatruda J.G., Katz R., Sarnak M.J., Gutierrez O.M., Greenberg J.H., Cushman M., Waikar S., Parikh C.R., Schelling J.R., Jogalekar M.P., Bonventre J.V., Vasan R.S., Kimmel P.L., Shlipak M.G, & Ix J.H. (2022). Biomarkers of Kidney Tubule Disease and Risk of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Persons With Diabetes and CKD. Kidney International Reports, 7(7), 1514-1523.

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Kidney Function

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Age, race, sex, annual family income, educational attainment, cigarette smoking and alcohol use were determined by self-report. Physical activity was assessed through a single question: “How many times per week do you engage in intense physical activity, enough to work up a sweat,” with response options of: none, 1-3 times/week or ≥ 4 times/week. History of CHD was defined as having any of the following: evidence of myocardial infarction on the baseline ECG, self-report of a prior history of a cardiac procedure (coronary artery bypass surgery or percutaneous angioplasty), or self-reported history of myocardial infarction. History of stroke was ascertained by self-report. Serum creatinine was calibrated to an international isotope dilution mass spectroscopic (IDMS)-traceable standard, measured by colorimetric reflectance spectrophotometry. eGFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI equation.^{42 (link)} Albumin and creatinine were measured in a random spot urine specimen by nephelometry (BN ProSpec Nephelometer, Dade Behring, Marburg, Germany) and Modular-P chemistry analyzer (Roche/Hitachi, Indianapolis, IN), respectively. Spot urine ACR was calculated in mg/g and albuminuria was defined as an ACR ≥ 30 mg/g.

Panwar B., Hanks L.J., Tanner R.M., Muntner P., Kramer H., McClellan W.M., Warnock D.G., Judd S.E, & Gutiérrez O.M. (2014). Obesity, metabolic health, and the risk of end-stage renal disease. Kidney international, 87(6), 1216-1222.

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Urinary Phthalate Metabolites Quantification

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Combined urine specimens were collected and kept frozen (-20°C) by the National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH). Seven urinary PAEs metabolites were tested, namely, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-(2-ethyl)-hexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCP), mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP), and mono-isononyl phthalate (MNP). Solid-phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-isotope dilution-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used in measuring PAEs metabolite levels. The limit of detection (LOD) of PAEs metabolites in 1 ml urine ranges from 0.072 to 1.68 ng/ml. A value of LOD divided by the square root of two was used when the levels were below LOD. All urinary PAEs metabolite levels were corrected by creatinine (μg/g creatinine) and measured by the Beckman Synchron CX3 clinical analyzer and the Roche/Hitachi Modular P chemistry analyzer (17 (link), 18 (link)).

Jin G., Nie Y., Fan J., Yang Y., Chen D., Li Y, & Ju L. (2023). Association between urinary phthalate levels and chronic pain in US adults, 1999–2004: A nationally representative survey. Frontiers in Neurology, 14, 940378.

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Urine Metals Analysis Protocol

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UNM staff shipped samples on dry ice to CDC DLS for analysis. NCEH laboratory staff prepared urine samples for uranium and other metals analyses using NCEH Method 3018.3; samples analyzed for total arsenic were prepared using Method 3018A.2 [44 ]; and samples analyzed for speciated arsenic were prepared using Method 3000.11 [45 ]. Chemical concentrations in urine and serum were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma – Dynamic Reaction Cell – Mass Spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS) [46 ]. Arsenic species concentrations were determined in separate aliquots using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and an anion exchange column to separate species prior to ICP-DRC-MS [47 ]. Urinary creatinine was determined using Roche/Hitachi Modular P Chemistry Analyzer [48 ].

Dashner-Titus E.J., Hoover J., Luo L., Lee J.H., Du R., Liu K.J., Traber M.G., Ho E., Lewis J, & Hudson L.G. (2018). Metal exposure and oxidative stress markers in pregnant Navajo Birth Cohort Study participants. Free radical biology & medicine, 124, 484-492.

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Biomarker Quantification and Analysis

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All biomarker concentration measurements were performed by the CDC via methods previously described (CDC 2003–2010). Serum ALP was quantified via UniCel DxC800 Synchron (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA) using kinetic rate method employing a 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol buffer to measure enzyme activity. Serum total bilirubin was quantified via DxC800 with a timed-endpoint Diazo method. CRP was quantified in whole blood by latex-enhanced nephelometry at the University of Washington at Seattle. Serum GGT was quantified via DxC800 via enzymatic rate method. Total WBC was estimated using a MAXM hematology flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA).
Urinary cadmium concentrations were quantified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, as previously described (Mulligan et al., 1990 ). Urinary creatinine was measured via an enzymatic method on the Roche/Hitachi Modular P Chemistry Analyzer. Serum cotinine was quantified via isotope dilution-high performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Values below the limit of detection (LOD) for all biomarkers were estimated by the LOD divided by the square root of two.

Colacino J.A., Arthur A.E., Ferguson K.K, & Rozek L.S. (2014). Dietary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory intake modifies the effect of cadmium exposure on markers of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Environmental research, 131, 6-12.

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Comprehensive Urine Collection and Analysis

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Participants were asked to void the bladder completely and to provide the time of their previous urinary void before the examination (CDC 2009a , 2011c ). If the volume of urine provided at the mobile clinical examination was insufficient (i.e.,

< 2 mL

for females of childbearing age to allow for pregnancy testing, and

< 1 mL

for all other participants), up to two additional voids were collected. The volumes and time of voids were recorded, which allowed for the calculation of urinary flow rates. We summed the total volume of urine collected in milliliters, and divided that total by the total time in hours between voids (i.e., the time between the void prior to examination and the last collected void during the examination) (Hays et al. 2015 (link)).
Osmolality was measured on collected urine samples using freezing point depression osmometry (CDC 2009a , 2011c ). Results were reported as milliosmoles per kilogram of water (mOsm/kg), with higher values indicating a more concentrated sample (Yeh et al. 2015 (link)). Urinary creatinine was measured on a Roche/Hitachi Modular P Chemistry Analyzer using an enzymatic (creatininase) reaction (CDC 2011b ). Results were reported as milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL), with higher values also indicating a more concentrated sample (WHO 1996 ).

Bulka C.M., Mabila S.L., Lash J.P., Turyk M.E, & Argos M. (2017). Arsenic and Obesity: A Comparison of Urine Dilution Adjustment Methods. Environmental Health Perspectives, 125(8), 087020.

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Caffeine Metabolites Analysis in NHANES

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In the NHANES study, 14 caffeine metabolites were measured; only paraxanthine and 1-methyluric acid were included in our analysis. Paraxanthine is a main upstream metabolite, and 1-methyluric acid is a main downstream metabolite associated with caffeine clearance, as shown in Figure 1 [27 (link)]. These metabolites were measured by performing high performance chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Creatinine was measured using the Roche/Hitachi Modular P Chemistry Analyzer. Detailed methods can be found in the NHANES protocol [28 ]. To determine the urinary concentration of caffeine metabolites (μmol/L), we divided caffeine metabolites by urine creatinine levels. We expressed measurements in μmol/mg). To assess CYP1A2 activity, we created a caffeine metabolite index by using one of the caffeine metabolites to divide the caffeine intakes from the last 24 h on the day of blood draw, which was the first 24-h recall in the NHANES. The caffeine metabolite index is calculated as: (urine creatinine-adjusted caffeine metabolites)/(caffeine intakes from the first 24-h recall).

Ito J., Lemus H, & Wu T. (2023). Serum Phosphorus, Serum Bicarbonate, and Renal Function in Relation to Liver CYP1A2 Activity. Diagnostics, 13(18), 2996.

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Defining CKD Risk Factors in Practice

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For these analyses, we considered candidate variables defined a priori as being associated with CKD and likely to be readily available in clinical practice. Age, race, sex, and smoking history were determined by self-report during the telephone interview. Height and weight were obtained by a trained technician. Prevalent cardiovascular disease (CVD) was defined by any one of the following: electrocardiographic evidence of a myocardial infarction, self-report of a cardiac procedure (CABG or angioplasty), self-reported myocardial infarction, or self-reported stroke. Hypertension was defined by self-reported use of antihypertensive medications or an average of two seated blood pressure (BP) measurements with systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg. Diabetes was defined as self-reported use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, fasting blood glucose ≥126mg/dL, or a non-fasting blood glucose ≥200mg/dL. A urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was entered into the model only in a sensitivity analysis described below. For these, the urine albumin was measured by nephelometry using the BNII ProSpec nephelometer (Dade-Behring) and urine creatinine by the Jaffe method using the Modular-P chemistry analyzer (Roche/Hitachi). We defined albuminuria as a spot ACR ≥30mg/g.

Peralta C.A., Muntner P., Scherzer R., Judd S., Cushman M, & Shlipak M.G. (2015). A Risk Score to Guide Cystatin C Testing to Detect Occult Reduced Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate. American journal of nephrology, 42(2), 141-147.

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Pesticide Metabolites in Spot Urine Samples

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From the spot urine samples provided by participants during the physical examination, one herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); one organophosphorus insecticide, para-nitrophenol (pNP); and one synthetic pyrethroid metabolite, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), were measured. Regression analyses were only performed for the pesticide metabolites detected in at least 70% of the spot urine samples. Urine samples were analyzed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Environmental Health laboratory. Metabolite concentrations were measured through high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HP-LC/MS) using validated laboratory methods that have been described elsewhere [25 (link)]. For analytes below the limit of detection (LOD), values were imputed as the limit of detection divided by the square root of 2. The LOD for 2–4-D was 0.15 μg/L, and 0.10 μg/L for both pNP and 3-PBA. Urinary creatinine concentrations were used to correct for urinary dilution. The creatinine concentrations were measured using a Beckman Synchron CX3 Clinical Analyzer or a Roche/Hitachi Modular P Chemistry Analyzer. A total of 4,478 participants had available samples for urinary pesticides and were eligible for the aim 1 analysis.

Zamora A.N., Watkins D.J., Peterson K.E, & Jansen E.C. (2021). Association between pesticide exposure and sleep health among a representative sample of US adults: evidence from NHANES 2009–2014. BMC Public Health, 21, 2199.

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Urine Osmolality and Creatinine Measurement

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In NHANES 2009–2012 , osmolality was measured in spot or timed urine samples directly at the mobile examination center within 4 hours of collection, which conforms with current practice, to ensure the stability of measurements (Curria, 2011 ; The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2010 ). In this study, 14.3% of urine specimens were derived from multiple urine collections. Urine osmolality was measured by Osmette II, Model 5005 Automatic Osmometer utilizing the freezing point depression method. Osmolality is expressed in units of milliOsmoles (mOsm) per kilogram of water. The interassay coefficients of variation of quality control–pooled samples analyzed throughout 2009–2010 ranged between 0.8% and 2.7%. For urine creatinine analysis, spot or timed urine samples were stored at 2–8 °C until analysis within 36 hours of receipt in the laboratory. Urine creatinine was measured by an enzymatic (creatinase) method by Roche/Hitachi Modular P Chemistry Analyzer in 2009–2012. The interassay coefficients of variation for urine creatinine throughout 2009–2010 ranged between 1.4% and 4.4%.

Yeh H.C., Lin Y.S., Kuo C.C., Weidemann D., Weaver V., Fadrowski J., Neu A, & Navas-Acien A. (2014). Urine osmolality in the US population: Implications for environmental biomonitoring. Environmental research, 136, 482-490.

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