3 3 dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate

Rapamycin (Rapa), coumarin-6 (Cou-6), and okadaic acid (OA) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich Inc. (St.Louis, MO, USA). Gypenoside XVII (GP-17) was attained from Push Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). RP-1 (CAPDTKTQ) and Aβ_1–42 were synthesized by Guotai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Hefei, China) and Chinese Peptide Co., Ltd. (Hangzhou, China), respectively. 1,1′-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI), 3,3′-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO), Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Total ROS assay kit and BCA Protein Assay Kit were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Amyloid-β1–40 Human ELISA Kit and Amyloid-β1–42 Human ELISA Kit were purchased from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Lysotracker Red DND-99 and Lysosenser Yellow/Blue dextran were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. (Eugene, OR, USA). The mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3), mouse hippocampal neuronal cells (HT22), and murine neonatal microglial cells (BV2) were obtained from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Cell Bank (Shanghai, China). All chemicals used were analytical or reagent grade.

Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox, MedChemExpress LLC, Shanghai, China). BCA protein assay Kit, 3,3′‐dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO), 1,1′‐dioctadecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorateand (DiI), and 1,1′‐dioctadecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethyl indotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) were supplied by Beyotime (Shanghai, China). Lipofectamine 2000 transfection reagent was sourced from Invitrogen (USA). Matrigel was obtained from BD (USA). Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme and aspartate aminotransferase were purchased from Wuhan USCN Business Co. Ltd, China. LRP1, Alix, CD63, and CD9 antibodies were purchased from Abcam (USA), while HA, EGFP, Calnexin and β‐actin antibodies were purchased from Beyotime. All primers were synthesised by GENEWIZ (Suzhou, China). bEnd.3, U87MG, HEK293T, A549, SH‐SY5Y and HepG2 cell lines were purchased from Procell (Wuhan, China) and cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin and streptomycin (Gibco, USA) under a 5% CO₂ atmosphere at 37 °C. BALB/c nude mice, aged 4–6 weeks, were provided by Cavens (Changzhou, China). All experiments related to animals were performed according to the guidelines estimated and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Suzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Assigned approval number: SINANO/EC/2021‐065).

3,3′-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate
(DiO), 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine
perchlorate
(DiI), 1,1'-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-Tetramethylindodicarbocyanine,4-Chlorobenzenesulfonate
Salt(DiD), ROS flow kit, and Western blot reagents were purchased
from Beyotime Biotechnology (China). The cytokines used in this study
(TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, interferon-γ (IFN-γ)),
lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and NGF were purchased from MedChemExpress
(MCE, China). Indocyanine green (ICG) was obtained from Macklin Inc.
(China). The apoptosis flow kit and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) cell
viability assay kit were purchased from Vazyme Biotech Co., Ltd. (China).
The J774A.1 cell line was purchased from Procell Life Science &
Technology Co., Ltd. (China). Lipofectamine 3000, PBS, media, serum,
and ELISA kits required for cell culture were purchased from Thermo
Fisher Scientific Inc. (Waltham, MA, USA). The PCR-related reagents
were purchased from Yeasen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (China). The animals
needed for the experiment were purchased from the Laboratory Animal
Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.

Dopamine hydrochloride, N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride, N-hydroxysuccinimide, MES monohydrate, bovine serum albumin, Tween® 20, 4-aminobenzenethiol (pATP), trisodium citrate, hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (HAuCl₄·3H₂O), dopamine, silver nitrate, and other chemical reagents were from Sigma-Aldrich, United States. Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide solution were from Macklin Biochemical Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China. Concentrated sulfuric acid (98%) was from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Limited Corporation, China. 3,3′-Dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate was from Beyotime, Shanghai, China. RPMI 1640 Medium, DMEM, Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS), pH 7.4, Tris–HCl, pH 8.0, and trypsin–EDTA (0.05%) phenol red were from Thermo Fisher Scientific, United States. Ethanol was from AoRui Biotechnology Company, Shanghai, China. Anti-CD9 antibody, anti-CD63 antibody, anti-MIF antibody, anti-GPC1 antibody, and goat anti-mouse IgG H&L (FITC) were purchased from ABCAM company, United States. AllMag® SM3-P100 superparamagnetic nanoparticles were from Shanghai Allrun Nano Science & Technology Co., Ltd, China. The PANC-01 cell line was from the cell bank of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. HPDE6-C7 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.