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4 protocols using ab9348

1

Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Profiling of Brain Tissue

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Brain slices (5-10 µm) were post fixed in 4% PFA and processed for immunohistochemistry for the detection of the translocator binding protein (TSPO), myelin basic protein (MBP), astrocytes using glial fibrillary protein (GFAP), and microglia/ macrophages using ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) markers, as previously described 10 (link), 26 (link). Immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase staining was performed in one section of at least four randomized animals using the following primary and secondary antibodies:
TSPO (1:250, rabbit anti-TSPO, NBP1-95674, AB_11015478, Novus Biologicals, Cambridge, UK), myelin basic protein (MBP) (1:200, chicken anti MBP, AB9348, RRID:AB_2140366, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) , Iba1 (1:250, rabbit anti α Iba1, 019-19742, RRID:AB_2314666; Wako Chemicals, Neuss, Germany), GFAP (1:1000, chicken anti GFAP, ab4674, RRID:AB_304558, abcam, Cambridge, UK); Alexa Fluor 488/555 (1:800; Life Technologies), DSB-X™ Biotin Goat Anti-Chicken IgG (1:800; Life Technologies). Double immunofluorescence for TSPO and Iba-1 was performed using a preconjugated TSPO antibody (1:100; Anti-PBR antibody [EPR5384] (Alexa Fluor® 647) (ab199836)). Slices incubated with only secondary antibodies served as negative controls. Images were acquired with a combined fluorescence- light microscope (Nikon Eclipse NI-E, Nikon, Tokyo, Japan).
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2

Immunostaining of Neuronal Markers

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Sections were rehydrated in PBS and then permeabilized/blocked in 0.3% Triton X-100, 1% BSA, 10% donkey serum (Jackson ImmunoResearch), and MOM blocking reagent (Vector Laboratories) for 1 h at room temperature. Slides were then incubated in primary antibodies [anti-synapsin-1 (5297S, Cell Signaling), anti-β-tubulin III (T8578, Sigma-Aldrich), anti-S100 (RB044A0, Thermo Scientific Lab Vision), anti-myelin basic protein (AB9348, EMD Millipore)] in 0.3% Triton X-100, 1% BSA overnight at 4°C. The following day, sections were washed in PBS and stained with fluorescently conjugated α-bungarotoxin and/or appropriate secondary antibodies (Biotium) in 0.3% Triton X-100 for 1 h at room temperature. After final PBS washes, slides were coverslipped with DAPI mounting medium (Southern Biotech) and imaged on a confocal microscope (Leica SP5).
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Immunohistochemical Analysis of MS Brain Tissue

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Autopsy brain tissue samples from patients with confirmed secondary
progressive MS were obtained from the United Kingdom MS tissue bank
(Richards Reynolds, Imperial College, London). MS tissue block containing
active lesions and periplaque white matter were selected for analysis.
Cryosections (14 μm thick) of snap frozen MS brain tissue were
permeabilized and blocked in blocking buffer (0.05% Triton X-100 and
10% normal goat serum in PBS) for 1h and overlaid with primary
antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Antibodies used in the study were:
rabbit anti-CHD8 (Bethyl, A301-225A, 1:1000), goat anti-Sox10 (R&D
systems, AF2864, 1:400), rabbit anti-Nogo A (Millipore, AB5888, 1:200),
chicken anti-MBP (Millipore, AB9348, 1/50). After washing with 0.05%
Triton X-100 in PBS, sections were incubated with secondary antibodies
conjugated to Alexa488, Alexa594 or Alexa647 (Thermo, 1:1,000) and DAPI for
1h at room temperature, washed in PBS and mounted with Fluoromount-G
(SouthernBiotech). Pictures of were taken with Zeiss microscope using
apotome. Z-stack was used to average 5–7 planes and pictures were
treated and cells were counted using Zen and imageJ software packages.
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4

Histological Analysis of Murine Brains

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For histological analysis, mice (additional subset of mice, 3 per time point and group) were deeply anesthetized via an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg/BW pentobarbital (Nembutal, Ceva Sante Animale), transcardially perfused with 0.9% NaCl and perfused-fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. Whole brains were surgically removed and post-fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 2 h. Fixed brains were freeze-protected via a sucrose gradient (2 h at 5%, 2 h at 10% and overnight at 20%), snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 °C until further processing. Consecutive 10 μm-thick cryosections were prepared using a microm HM500 cryostat at the level of the splenium. For immunofluorescence analysis of microgliosis, astrogliosis and myelin quantity the following antibodies were used respectively: a rabbit antimouse IBA1 antibody (Wako, 019-19741; 1/200 dilution) in combination with an Alexa Fluor® 555-labeled donkey anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Invitrogen, A31572; 1/1000 dilution), a mouse anti-GFAP antibody (Millipore bioscience, MAB360; 1/400 dilution) in combination with an Alexa Fluor® 555-labeled goat anti-mouse secondary antibody (Invitrogen, A21127; 1/1000 dilution) and a chicken anti-MBP antibody (Millipore, AB9348;
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