Protein concentrations were determined with a NanoVue Plus spectrophotometer from GE Healthcare Life Sciences by absorbance at 280 nm using Beer’s law, ε = 0.53 mL·mg–1·cm–1, and the molecular mass of the unglycosylated protein.
Differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF),39 (link) which requires the monitoring of fluorescence during thermal denaturation, was performed with a ViiA 7 Real-Time PCR system from Applied Biosystems (Foster City, CA). Denaturation data were obtained with ViiA 7 version 2.0 software and analyzed further with Protein Thermal Shift version 1.4 software, both from Applied Biosystems.
The intact molecular mass of RNase 1 glycoforms was determined by MALDI–TOF mass spectrometry using a microflex LRF instrument from Bruker (Billerica, MA) and by ESI mass spectrometry using a 6530 Accurate-Mass Q-TOF LC/MS from Agilent (Santa Clara, CA).